prep2008 -sc 语法笔记勘误、查漏专贴

xueying519

08 版PREP语法笔记中，216 题 的A 选项解释我觉得有点问题
216. (T-3-Q39) (天山-7-39)
Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi, in the form of carbon dioxide, and converting it to energy-rich sugars.
A.    lants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi,
B.    lants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than fungi,
C.    lants are more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,
D.    lants, more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,      
E.    lants acquire carbon more efficiently than fungi

A.    主系表结构的比较后面的are多余；后面的in the form of carbon dioxide错误的修饰了fungi；converting应当与acquiring平行。

我认为A中，主系表结构的比较后面的are不是一个错误点。正是由于这个are避免了歧义的产生。如果没有这个are, 我们则可以认为是carbon 与 fungi 在做对比。A的错，主要是由于后面的in the form of carbon dioxide错误的修饰了fungi；以及converting应当与acquiring平行。

请各位大牛帮忙看看啊！

-- by 会员 xueying519 (2010/10/8 23:37:04)

感觉more修饰不到carbon，所以A里面就算are不补出，也没有carbon和fungi对比的歧义。
强烈欢迎进一步讨论！

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2010/10/14 12:52:27)

Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi (at acquiring carbon), .....
能不能看做是对 at acquiring carbon 的省略呢？

aeoluseros

08 版PREP语法笔记中，216 题 的A 选项解释我觉得有点问题
216. (T-3-Q39) (天山-7-39)
Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi, in the form of carbon dioxide, and converting it to energy-rich sugars.
A.    lants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi,
B.    lants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than fungi,
C.    lants are more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,
D.    lants, more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,      
E.    lants acquire carbon more efficiently than fungi

A.    主系表结构的比较后面的are多余；后面的in the form of carbon dioxide错误的修饰了fungi；converting应当与acquiring平行。

我认为A中，主系表结构的比较后面的are不是一个错误点。正是由于这个are避免了歧义的产生。如果没有这个are, 我们则可以认为是carbon 与 fungi 在做对比。A的错，主要是由于后面的in the form of carbon dioxide错误的修饰了fungi；以及converting应当与acquiring平行。

请各位大牛帮忙看看啊！

-- by 会员 xueying519 (2010/10/8 23:37:04)

感觉more修饰不到carbon，所以A里面就算are不补出，也没有carbon和fungi对比的歧义。
强烈欢迎进一步讨论！

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2010/10/14 12:52:27)

Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi (at acquiring carbon), .....
能不能看做是对 at acquiring carbon 的省略呢？

-- by 会员 xueying519 (2010/10/16 23:09:24)

嗯，可以的，本来就是这样子。

xueying519

08 版PREP语法笔记中，216 题 的A 选项解释我觉得有点问题
216. (T-3-Q39) (天山-7-39)
Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi, in the form of carbon dioxide, and converting it to energy-rich sugars.
A.    lants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi,
B.    lants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than fungi,
C.    lants are more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,
D.    lants, more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,      
E.    lants acquire carbon more efficiently than fungi

A.    主系表结构的比较后面的are多余；后面的in the form of carbon dioxide错误的修饰了fungi；converting应当与acquiring平行。

我认为A中，主系表结构的比较后面的are不是一个错误点。正是由于这个are避免了歧义的产生。如果没有这个are, 我们则可以认为是carbon 与 fungi 在做对比。A的错，主要是由于后面的in the form of carbon dioxide错误的修饰了fungi；以及converting应当与acquiring平行。

请各位大牛帮忙看看啊！

-- by 会员 xueying519 (2010/10/8 23:37:04)

感觉more修饰不到carbon，所以A里面就算are不补出，也没有carbon和fungi对比的歧义。
强烈欢迎进一步讨论！

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2010/10/14 12:52:27)

Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi (at acquiring carbon), .....
能不能看做是对 at acquiring carbon 的省略呢？

-- by 会员 xueying519 (2010/10/16 23:09:24)

嗯，可以的，本来就是这样子。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2010/10/17 20:22:44)

所以语法笔记中说“主系表结构的比较后面的are多余”是说不通的啊！ 其实人家加一个“are” 就是想告诉你fungi 是在和Plants 对比。Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi 这句话的错误点，感觉是在于没有遵循“比较对象应该尽可能靠近些”的原则，中间插入过多成份，导致比较对象不明显。

xueying519

08 版PREP语法笔记中, 191 题的C 选项，我觉得解释有点问题。
The loan company announced it would soon lend money to borrowers with proven records of their not paying back their loans on time, collectively known as the subprime lending market.

A.of their not paying back their loans on time,

B.of not paying back their loans on time, a group

C.of not paying back their loans on time, with such a group

D.that they do not pay back their loans on time,(B)

E.that they do not pay back their loans on time, such a group

C．With引导独立主格，其逻辑主语应为主句主语，逻辑不合理；such无所指，错误且多余。


大家都知道，独立主格的定义是：自带逻辑主语的分词结构，在句中作状语。
但C的解释却说，其逻辑主语应为主句主语！这实在是有问题。 比如： The job finished, we went home. 这个句子独立主格的逻辑主语显然不是主句主语。
正确的解释我觉得是：位于句首的doing 或 done, 其动作的发出者或承受者即为该分词的逻辑主语，它等于后面的主句主语。

请各位大侠帮我看看，有说得不对的还请斧正~

aeoluseros

所以语法笔记中说“主系表结构的比较后面的are多余”是说不通的啊！ 其实人家加一个“are” 就是想告诉你fungi 是在和Plants 对比。Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi 这句话的错误点，感觉是在于没有遵循“比较对象应该尽可能靠近些”的原则，中间插入过多成份，导致比较对象不明显。

-- by 会员 xueying519 (2010/10/18 0:36:44)

umm...是指没有are也同样是fungi和plants在比，而不会产生carbon和fungi在比的歧义，所以are才多余。

aeoluseros

08 版PREP语法笔记中, 191 题的C 选项，我觉得解释有点问题。
The loan company announced it would soon lend money to borrowers with proven records of their not paying back their loans on time, collectively known as the subprime lending market.

A.of their not paying back their loans on time,

B.of not paying back their loans on time, a group

C.of not paying back their loans on time, with such a group

D.that they do not pay back their loans on time,(B)

E.that they do not pay back their loans on time, such a group

C．With引导独立主格，其逻辑主语应为主句主语，逻辑不合理；such无所指，错误且多余。


大家都知道，独立主格的定义是：自带逻辑主语的分词结构，在句中作状语。
但C的解释却说，其逻辑主语应为主句主语！这实在是有问题。 比如： The job finished, we went home. 这个句子独立主格的逻辑主语显然不是主句主语。
正确的解释我觉得是：位于句首的doing 或 done, 其动作的发出者或承受者即为该分词的逻辑主语，它等于后面的主句主语。

请各位大侠帮我看看，有说得不对的还请斧正~

-- by 会员 xueying519 (2010/10/18 0:51:35)

with引导的成分其实更确切地讲，不叫做独立主格，因为这个短语是以with介词引导的，貌似在夸克语法大全里面是叫独立关系分句，只是大多数语法书这样分类习惯了，在此暂且咱们也称其独立主格。
with引导的独立主格与没有with引导的独立主格，对主句的修饰关系是不同的。
C选项解释确实不太准确，少了一个字“With引导的独立主格，其逻辑主语应为主句主语，逻辑不合理”。
嗯，欢迎继续讨论

森然

235. (GWD-9-Q1)
A mixture of poems and short fiction, Jean Toomer's Cane has been called one of the three best novels ever written by Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man
A.    Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man
B.    Black Americans—including Native Son by Richard Wright and Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison
C.    a Black American—including Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man
D.    a Black American—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man          
E.    a Black American—the others being Richard Wright's Native Son and Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man


补充：E中being正确是因为:破折号相当于逗号，逗号后没有连词不能接完整句子。所以being为分词结构，还原为The others are...
一般Being可以省，但是此处若省去后变成:the others Richard Wright's Native Son and Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man 很畸形

aeoluseros

235. (GWD-9-Q1)
A mixture of poems and short fiction, Jean Toomer's Cane has been called one of the three best novels ever written by Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man
A.    Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man
B.    Black Americans—including Native Son by Richard Wright and Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison
C.    a Black American—including Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man
D.    a Black American—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man          
E.    a Black American—the others being Richard Wright's Native Son and Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man


补充：E中being正确是因为:破折号相当于逗号，逗号后没有连词不能接完整句子。所以being为分词结构，还原为The others are...
一般Being可以省，但是此处若省去后变成:the others Richard Wright's Native Son and Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man 很畸形

-- by 会员 森然 (2010/10/19 11:17:44)

谢谢森然的补充。不过破折号虽然在相当于逗号，但是其实也可以有colon, semicolon等用途，所以后面不用句子而用being更多是并列的需要。

补充下dash的用法：
http://www.grammarbook.com/punctuation/dashes.asp
em dashes may replace commas, semicolons, colons, and parentheses to indicate added emphasis, an interruption, or an abrupt change of thought.

森然

235. (GWD-9-Q1)
A mixture of poems and short fiction, Jean Toomer's Cane has been called one of the three best novels ever written by Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man
A.    Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man
B.    Black Americans—including Native Son by Richard Wright and Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison
C.    a Black American—including Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man
D.    a Black American—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man          
E.    a Black American—the others being Richard Wright's Native Son and Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man


补充：E中being正确是因为:破折号相当于逗号，逗号后没有连词不能接完整句子。所以being为分词结构，还原为The others are...
一般Being可以省，但是此处若省去后变成:the others Richard Wright's Native Son and Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man 很畸形

-- by 会员 森然 (2010/10/19 11:17:44)

谢谢森然的补充。不过破折号虽然在相当于逗号，但是其实也可以有colon, semicolon等用途，所以后面不用句子而用being更多是并列的需要。

补充下dash的用法：
http://www.grammarbook.com/punctuation/dashes.asp
em dashes may replace commas, semicolons, colons, and parentheses to indicate added emphasis, an interruption, or an abrupt change of thought.

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2010/10/19 11:55:32)

哈哈 ~~   谢谢  当时做这道题的时候就被破折号调戏得无语了。在网上查了1mol才搞清楚那个being是分词、
其实看平行直接就秒了

Gisele09

241题的补充说明里写道：
“IV. one既可代替事物, 也可代替人, that只能代替事物而不能代替人。有时可以用the one或the ones代替that或those。”

然后在249题的A选项里面也有对that的说明：
“A.which只能指代物，不能指代人，that只能指代人不能指代物，GMAT中which和that严格地各司其职，而且非限定性定语从句仅在。”

这两个that指代的意思不同吗？现在脑子有点涨，不知道是不是理解偏了