prep2008 -sc 语法笔记勘误、查漏专贴

天使追梦

1. 可以共用的，形容词前的be是一个系动词，be able to的be也是一个系动词。
2.
（1）嗯，所以对于which的选项是比出来的。而且很多时候其实which的修饰并没有什么不对，只有不如另一个选项用得好，也就是说这个语法点很活，没有什么严格意义上的规则。
（2）还是不一定，看逻辑。如果产生歧义，那么这个which就用得不好，不能说绝对错，所以要找别的入手点来confirm这个选项的错误。如果两个选项只有这个差别，那么就用更清晰的那个。
（3）不过which这个点中也有几个小点，是必错的：A of B in C, which这里which不可能修饰B.只可能修饰A与C。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2010/12/17 22:59:19)

看过之后，通了~~thx~
再问下prep1 215D项解释。我记得上回斑斑说including在这里是介词的，不是动词-ing的。

aeoluseros

1. 可以共用的，形容词前的be是一个系动词，be able to的be也是一个系动词。
2.
（1）嗯，所以对于which的选项是比出来的。而且很多时候其实which的修饰并没有什么不对，只有不如另一个选项用得好，也就是说这个语法点很活，没有什么严格意义上的规则。
（2）还是不一定，看逻辑。如果产生歧义，那么这个which就用得不好，不能说绝对错，所以要找别的入手点来confirm这个选项的错误。如果两个选项只有这个差别，那么就用更清晰的那个。
（3）不过which这个点中也有几个小点，是必错的：A of B in C, which这里which不可能修饰B.只可能修饰A与C。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2010/12/17 22:59:19)

看过之后，通了~~thx~
再问下prep1 215D项解释。我记得上回斑斑说including在这里是介词的，不是动词-ing的。

-- by 会员 天使追梦 (2010/12/17 23:14:25)

嗯，对的，1.08版里对prep1-215的D解释有过修正

天使追梦

。。哦，不好意思，没更新的说。。
prep2 148 D 中对于独立主格的解释不是很理解。。为什么“伴随they begen growing很荒谬”呢？

(不说形式，光说什么时候用)我对独立主格的理解：
1、如果那个句子能用定从就近修饰，那它就不对~~因为要修饰的是整句。
2、独立主格不光可以表伴随，还可以表结果。
看来我知道的不全呀。。

windmaple

excellent work!!

对于Version 1.08的补充

195:
补充
due to和because of的区别:
The word pairs “because of” and “due to” are not interchangeable. The reason they are not is that they “grew up” differently in the language.
    “Because of” grew up as an adverb; “due to” grew up as an adjective. Remember that adjectives modify only nouns or pronouns, whereas adverbs usually modify verbs. (The fact that adverbs occasionally modify other adverbs or even adjectives and entire phrases is not relevant to this particular discussion.)
    To be more precise, with their attendant words, “due to” and “because of” operate as adjectival and adverbial prepositional phrases. To understand how the functions of “due to” and “because of” vary, look at these sentences.
1. His defeat was due to the lottery issue.
2. He was defeated because of the lottery issue.
    In sentence #1, his is a possessive pronoun that modifies the noun defeat. The verb “was” is a linking verb. So, to create a sentence, we need a subject complement after the verb “was.” The adjectival prepositional phrase “due to the lottery issue” is that complement, linked to the  subject by “was.” Thus, it modifies the noun defeat.
    But in sentence #2, the pronoun "he" has become the sentence's subject. The verb is now “was defeated.” As reconstructed, “He was defeated” could in fact be a complete sentence. And “due to” has nothing to modify. It's an adjective, remember? It can't very well modify the pronoun “he,” can it?
    Neither can it refer to “was defeated” because adjectives don't modify verbs. Sentence 2, therefore, should read: “He was defeated because of the lottery issue.” Now the “why” of the verb “was defeated” is explained, properly, by an adverbial prepositional phrase, “because of.”
    In informal speech, we probably can get by with such improper usage as “His defeat was because of the lottery issue,” and “He was defeated due to the lottery issue.” But we shouldn't accept that kind of sloppiness in writing. We don't want to look stupid among those in the audience who know better. If we show them we don't care about the language, how can we expect them to believe us when we tell them that we care about the facts?


212:
习惯用语（idiom） 逻辑意思（logical prediction）
typo: logical predication.   Looks like a typo all over the place, use 'batch replace' in Word to do the trick

214:
综上所述，_但_一个定语从句同时是另一个


218:
关于A的补充：（from Manhattan GMAT）
Question: Would "fewer than those" be a correct answer? Please explain.

Answer:
nope.

you can't use parallel constructions with "those"/"that"/etc, in separate clauses, unless they are EXACTLY PARALLEL to whatever shows up in the other part.

in this case:
you can't write "those killed by bee stings"
unless
the other part contains "people killed by the great white shark" (with NOTHING IN BETWEEN).
it doesn't, so you can't.

"THOSE (no verb) killed by bee stings" would have to correspond to "(THE) PEOPLE (no verb) killed by the shark".
this is not what the first part here says; the first part here says "ONLY SEVEN PEOPLE HAVE BEEN killed by the shark", which fails on two counts: (1) it has a verb (it's not supposed to); (2) you can't cherry-pick "people" from the construction "only seven people".


关于E的补充：（from Manhattan GMAT）
first, i'm about 99% sure that we are not allowed to use "ones" to refer to people.
second, i'm also about 99% sure that "THE ones" must refer back to "THE some other noun".

223:
选项C的补充: (from Manhattan GMAT)
Question: Why in"in its paying to.....", the "paying" is not gerund?

Answer:
this is a tricky issue; it's unclear to me whether kamal appreciates the full complexity of what is going on here, so here is my attempt at a fuller explanation:
if there exists a dedicated noun form of a word, then don't use a gerund if you can use that noun form instead.

e.g.
don't use "developing" as a gerund, since you can use "development".
don't use "paying" as a gerund, since you can use "payment".

for gerunds that have no such alternative noun form, it is of course perfectly correct to use the gerund:
her singing of the national anthem at yesterday's game was beautiful.
(there's no dedicated noun form such as "singment" or "singation" or "sing-anything-else", so the gerund here is perfectly respectable.)


225:
选项D，两个D, typo

228:
both错误同A；rooted with没有问题。    
I don't understand this part "rooted with没有问题", where is "rooted with"?

231:
(2)    allow sb. to be done也是对的    
typo, sb. 应该是sth.,  you do know what 'do sb.' means, right?


240:
A.    correct；than后面省略了babies were born to women；it指代the age of thirty。
应该是babies born to women，没有were

AS poor as they are, they can ont afford a car.
typo: ont -> not.
My French nerve just reminded me that 'ont' is the conjugated French word for 'have', btw

注意AS有时不表比较的如as you word hard, you will pass the exam.表原因了。
typo: word -> work

windmaple

test 2  
221 E的解释不对
make it在口语里用的很多，比如: Finally you made it here，意思就是做到了，达到了
另外一个例子：
10 Sexy Apps That Made It Into The iPhone App Store

into应该接地方或者类似的名词

windmaple

test 1
190:
E补充下里面关于while的解释

* "while" MUST be used with a clause or participial phrase. it can't be used with a construction that doesn't contain any sort of verb form (such as this one, which is just noun + prepositional phrase).

windmaple

test 2
177:
补充说明：
each per year并不重复。

each是修饰cows的，跟per year没关系，这个说明不对

aeoluseros

。。哦，不好意思，没更新的说。。
prep2 148 D 中对于独立主格的解释不是很理解。。为什么“伴随they begen growing很荒谬”呢？

(不说形式，光说什么时候用)我对独立主格的理解：
1、如果那个句子能用定从就近修饰，那它就不对~~因为要修饰的是整句。
2、独立主格不光可以表伴随，还可以表结果。
看来我知道的不全呀。。

-- by 会员 天使追梦 (2010/12/19 17:40:11)

嗯，158D的解释不太对劲，我修正了一下
D。in a 1991 report位置不对，放在中间使得with moderate alcohol consumption有修饰它的歧义；其次用in a 1991 report表达了仅仅是在该报告里面是linked的，言下之意即报告之外不一定linked，所以用in a 1991 report的表达不准确，不如A的表达；red wine不能修饰alcohol consumption，要在red wine前面加上of；they began growing中的they离其指代对象sales过远。

aeoluseros

excellent work!!

对于Version 1.08的补充

195:
……
……

-- by 会员 windmaple (2010/12/21 1:59:13)

细致+实力，一年前我一定强邀windmaple来编写组，你的建议非常非常有用！

1-228题rooted with应该是打错了， 应该是that was rooted和rooted都没有问题
1-240题确实多打了were

aeoluseros

test 2  
221 E的解释不对
make it在口语里用的很多，比如: Finally you made it here，意思就是做到了，达到了
另外一个例子：
10 Sexy Apps That Made It Into The iPhone App Store

into应该接地方或者类似的名词

-- by 会员 windmaple (2010/12/22 11:53:01)

嗯，不过口语中的you made it中的it用法无法在GMAT中接受，要换用so。
在写时E选项时我的理解是：E选项想把it指代那个A Raisin in the Sun，所以make才用了主动，所以才那样解释，看来造成误会了。
我修正一下：
E. A Raisin in the Sun不能把自己变为电影和音乐剧，因此make需要用被动，it无所指。