prep2008 -sc 语法笔记勘误、查漏专贴

windmaple

test 1
237
时间状语通常位于句首或句尾，即便无法谓语句首或句尾，也应该尽量靠向两边

Nothing wrong with it
I'm probably belaboring here, but I want to point out that 放句尾要小心，因为很可能前面就是个名词，然后就变定语了

其实这个是个big topic(I wish I had the time to summarize it; maybe aeoluseros could do it )，不知道以前有没有人总结过，就是prep.+n的位置非常容易引起歧义，因为它既可以做定语也可以做状语，不管在句中还是句尾，只要是在名词后面都要特别小心。OG上有n题都这样，prep里面也很多

另外还见过S1 V1 that S2 V2 at the same time引起歧义的，因为at the same time 既可以修饰V1，也可以修饰V2

johnson1120

我发现了一个矛盾：

206题，关于D选项的解释：
D. Correct；amounting做伴随状语修饰前面整个主系表结构。

但在其它几题中，出现了V-ing形式不能用来做伴随状语修饰前面主系表结构的解释，比如：

163题：
(C) 原本的主句被改成了修饰成分,句子重心改变, stimulating成伴随从句；由于前面是主系表结构，所以stimulating不做伴随状语，但是依旧修饰前面整个主系表结构，因此逻辑错误。

217题：
(E) Unlike比较双方不可比；前面there be句型是主系表结构，所以后面contributing不能表示伴随结构，而是作为形容词修饰前面的名词catching monkfish；用because引导的原因状语从句来表示方式太过于累赘。

在188题中，又有这样一段话：
如果前面是主系表结构，由于系动词是一个状态不存在“被伴随”，但是V-ing结构依然修饰的是整个主系表结构，所以后面的V-ing结构也可以被解读为修饰前面的名词成分—主语。

我有些迷惑，到底V-ing形式在句尾，能否表伴随修饰前面整个主系表结构？

aeoluseros

我发现了一个矛盾：

206题，关于D选项的解释：
D. Correct；amounting做伴随状语修饰前面整个主系表结构。

但在其它几题中，出现了V-ing形式不能用来做伴随状语修饰前面主系表结构的解释，比如：

163题：
(C) 原本的主句被改成了修饰成分,句子重心改变, stimulating成伴随从句；由于前面是主系表结构，所以stimulating不做伴随状语，但是依旧修饰前面整个主系表结构，因此逻辑错误。

217题：
(E) Unlike比较双方不可比；前面there be句型是主系表结构，所以后面contributing不能表示伴随结构，而是作为形容词修饰前面的名词catching monkfish；用because引导的原因状语从句来表示方式太过于累赘。

在188题中，又有这样一段话：
如果前面是主系表结构，由于系动词是一个状态不存在“被伴随”，但是V-ing结构依然修饰的是整个主系表结构，所以后面的V-ing结构也可以被解读为修饰前面的名词成分—主语。

我有些迷惑，到底V-ing形式在句尾，能否表伴随修饰前面整个主系表结构？

-- by 会员 johnson1120 (2011/1/10 21:58:16)

感谢Johnson，问题出在是否“伴随”，个人认为不能伴随，因为前面不是动作。但是确实是修饰前面整个主系表结构。（这个区分在做题时意义不大，不过下一版会写得更加清楚一些，消除这个矛盾）

aeoluseros

test 2 166里的but instead = but要看context的，one size certainly doesn't fit all here，but instead不是自动就wordy的

老prep SC1 73
Evolutionary psychology holds that the human mind is not a "blank slate" but instead comprises specialized mental mechanisms that were developed to solve specific problems human ancestors faced millions of years ago.

test 1 208
B.    not by…but swarms搭配错误；***but instead语义重复***；that位置错误，使得状语over millions of years修饰对象不清。

instead这里确实是不对的

我个人认为如果but后面接名词是不能有instead的，因为but是介词；但是如果but后面接动词就变成了连词，中间加副词instead没问题

-- by 会员 windmaple (2011/1/10 9:22:53)

windmaple的思维真的非常缜密！我很同意你的观点。

aeoluseros

另外还见过S1 V1 that S2 V2 at the same time引起歧义的，因为at the same time 既可以修饰V1，也可以修饰V2

-- by 会员 windmaple (2011/1/10 11:37:37)

该句子是不是因为at the same time逻辑上要修饰V1，而距离上却离V2更近，所以产生了这样的歧义呢，
如果直接修饰V2，理论上应该问题不大，windmaple觉得呢？

windmaple

exactly

I just can't produce the sample any more; otherwise it's much easier to illustrate

> 该句子是不是因为at the same time逻辑上要修饰V1，而距离上却离V2更近，所以产生了这样的歧义呢，
> 如果直接修饰V2，理论上应该问题不大，windmaple觉得呢？

windmaple

aeoluseros,
I took the test today and only scored 720. It is well below my expectation(well, who can I blame?  ), but I decided to live with that. So this would be my last post here.
You (and other editors for the notes) have my highest respect . The notes were very helpful and opened my eyes quite a bit. Good luck out there!

Anyways, 关于前面的黄金9点，我想补充一条: redundancy，下面是我自己总结的redunancy word list，全部出自GMAC/ETS资料。It's by not means an exhaustive list, but the culprit is there. You could add this to the notes and I hope it helps other people.

括号里面是多余的：
lag behind, by xx% (less)

from ... (down/up) to

rise (higher)

then .. (subsequently)

now .. (currently)

(to someone,) Paris is someone's home

enable someone to (be able to)

continue, and (have already done)

per capita consumption ... (per person)

each year ... (annually)

(consistently) ... doing sth.

also ... (as well)

the more ..., the more ... become (increasingly) adj.

(up) until ...

there is (continuous) sth occurring

someone is doing sth (continuously)

(so) in order to

then (later)

then (subsequently)

aeoluseros

windmaple真的来去匆匆，这几天一忙没来就发现了你已走过这段路程。最后的结果确实也低于了我的预计，但是GMAT只是一个分数，任何理智的ADCOM都会相信分数到一定程度即已足够证明一个人的某方面能力。你的领悟让我惊叹给我启发，你的语言让我感觉是native speaker，佩服不已，而更多的是你的帮助给我很多感动。而我们只是作为编录者，认识有理想的同路人是语法笔记最大的意义。
结束了这一段路程，下一段，下下一段，好运。

mofell

200. (T-3-Q14)
A scrub jay can remember when it cached a particular piece of food in a particular place, researchers have discovered, and tend not to bother to recover a perishable treat if stored long enough to have rotted.
A. tend not to bother to recover a perishable treat if
B. they tend not to bother recovering a perishable treat
C. tending not to bother to recover a perishable treat it
D. tends not to bother recovering a perishable treat      
E. tends not bothering to recover a perishable treat it

选项分析：
A. tend单复数错误，应为单数，对应主语A scrub jay；if从句缺主语。即便加入代词it，也将会荒谬的指代jay，而不是treat。Bother to do/bother doing都是对的。


我并不觉得if句少主语，只不过把主语和谓语同时省略了：tend not to bother to recover a perishable treat if （it is） stored long enough to have rotted

mofell

202. (GWD-27-Q7)
Providing initial evidence that airports are a larger source of pollution than they were once believed to be, environmentalists in Chicago report that the total amount of pollutant emitted annually by vehicles at O’Hare International Airport is twice as much as that which is being emitted annually by all motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area.
A. as much as that which is being emitted annually by all
B. as much annually as is emitted by the
C. as much compared to what is annually emitted by all
D. that emitted annually by all          
E. that emitted annually compared to the
选项分析：
D． Correct；twice后面可以直接接名词，twice as much as也是对的。

而你在181题的知识点补充说明中提到：
关于twice as many/much as结构：(1)If the noun in question is already anexplicitly numerical quantity,then you should useneither"much" nor "many". Instead, you should just use "twice" or "double" by itself.
e.g.,twice the increase--> "increase" is an explicitly numerical quantity



所以我认为这道题是不可以用twice as much as 的。凭这一点也可以快速排除掉ABC。