希望与CDers一起探讨，希望能够在帮您解答的时候一同进步

recoupsin

prep的解释不系统，还是看XDF那几本书的吧，可以先给你构建知识体系。你要是有别的题就发上来问吧，欢迎哦

cutewen

好..我再最后问一个弱智问题！就睡觉！
那个过去分词 在句尾 修饰就近名词.. 那是不是就是定语后置？
OMG..我..问的很汗颜啊...

cutewen

也许是看具体情况吧... 我感觉我又陷入了轮回..又在纠结它是定语还是状语..
看来我得自己多分析几个句子才能明白了！

recoupsin

不是定语后置。如果你可以遇到定语后置的情况你就在超高分段了。就是定语而已啦。

recoupsin

怎么说呢，定语就是修饰名词或名词短语的。定语的位置有前有后，但是有些就一定要放前面比如increased，有些一定要放后面。做定语的很多种，有分词短语，介词短语，物主代词，冠词等等等等。不要考虑什么后不后置的问题，极少碰到什么后置是考点的。而且我还没听说过有定语后置这个概念，只有后置定语。

cutewen

哈哈 又是我。看到我有没有面部表情抽动了一下~~~

Sixty-five million years ago, according to some scientists, an asteroid bigger than Mount Everest slammed into North America, which, causing plant and animal extinctions, marks the end of the geologic era known as the Cretaceous Period.

(A) which, causing plant and animal extinctions, marks
(B) which caused the plant and animal extinctions marking
(C) and causing plant and animal extinctions that mark
(D) an event that caused plant and animal extinctions, and it marks
(E) an event that caused the plant and animal extinctions that mark
答案是E  我当时排除了E 是觉得 the plant and animal 这个不平行 - -
这里是the ( plant and animal ) extinctions 吗？ - -

recoupsin

这个不是什么平行不平行的结构。plant和animal其实是修饰extinction的，而the定冠词是把plant和animal限定了只能修饰extinction。就像the old and rich people 一样，是说又老又有钱的人，一类人。
这题还需理解的事就是是这个流星造成的灭亡还是，流星撞地球这件事照成的。如果是前者就有ing，主语就是流星。如果是后者就用同位结构（概括性同位结构，五种同位结构中的一种）来指代前面这件事情。
很显然是后者，所以答案就在d e选项中了
至于D为什么不行，是应为it的原因，it不可以指代前面的句子。

lurenyizcs

While the owner of a condominium apartment has free and clear title to the dwelling, owners of cooperative apartments have shares in a corporation that owns a building and leases apartments to them.
(A) While the owner of a condominium apartment has free and clear title to the dwelling,
(B) The owner of a condominium apartment has free and clear title to the dwelling, but
(C) Whereas owners of condominium apartments have free and clear title to their dwellings,
(D) An owner of a condominium apartment has free and clear title to the dwelling, whereas
(E) Condominium apartment owners have a title to their dwelling that is free and clear, while

白勇比较第七章：比较结构  27题

根据原句的合理重心和结构，排除了B,D,E.

最后我选择了A，因为我认为C中代词their和句尾的代词them违背了“一句话中，相同的代词（包括they,them,their等）必须指代相同”这一代词指代原则。

而答案却选了C，解释为：意思对比的结构，形式要对称。

我就纳闷了，难道代词指代都不是“原则性的错误”了么？？？？？？？？

lurenyizcs

In contrast to large steel plants that take iron ore through all the steps needed to produce several different kinds of steel, processing steel scrap into a specialized group of products has enabled small mills to put capital into new technology and remain economically viable.
(A) processing steel scrap into a specialized group of products has enabled small mills to put capital into new technology and remain
(B) processing steel scrap into a specialized group of products has enabled small mills to put capital into new technology, remaining
(C) the processing of steel scrap into a specialized group of products has enabled small mills to put capital into new technology, remaining
(D) small mills, by processing steel scrap into a specialized group of products, have been able to put capital into new technology and remain
(E) small mills, by processing steel scrap into a specialized group of products, have been able to put capital into new technology and remained

根据比较原则，比较对象要可比，直接排除A,B,C
D和E的差别就在最后的那个动词，remain的形式    
答案是D，其解释为：small mills, by processing steel scrap into a specialized group of products, have been able to put capital into new technology and (have been able to) remain    如此的一个省略，此时remain与put两个动作并列！！

而我纠结的是，以下几种省略错在哪里？？？？？
1：  small mills, by processing steel scrap into a specialized group of products, have been able to put capital into new technology and （have）remained     如此的一个省略，此时remained与been able to put两个动作并列！！
2：  small mills, by processing steel scrap into a specialized group of products, have been able to put capital into new technology and remain          此时remaine与 have been able to put两个动作并列！！（虽然形式和正确答案的解释是一样的，但是思考的却是根本不一样）

recoupsin

先说你问的第一题，对称原则里面有一个特指与泛指的区别。the+n是特指，后面的owners是泛指。这是由区别的。其实句子间的比较，第一是要求比较得恰当，也就是说逻辑上不能错。第二就是小细节的比较了，形式最好尽量一致。做主语的成分的名词有很多种，有特指和泛指之别，有具体和抽象之别，有单数和复数之别。
而文中的比较时一种普遍的情况，当然是用泛指好啦。