prep 2-139 对语法笔记正确选项解释的疑问

rorarora

你们俩都是长篇大论的呀，看得我好晕阿。

我一直也在想这个问题，这里的两个v-ed显然是就近修饰.....

dingxiang

恩，

看完 楼主的解释， 应该是这样的吧。

分词做定语真是不多，所以拿不出很多例子来。

姑且认为分词就是就近修饰的吧

rorarora

找到两个例子，先放在这：

Asset allocators create portfolios, often in the form of mutual funds, with the intention to turn in good results in both “bull” and “bear” markets.

(A)   with the intention

(B)   the intention of which is

(C)   intended

(D)   and intending

(E)    so intended as

Ans--(C)

The Anasazi settlements at Chaco Canyon were built on a spectacular scale with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each, were connected by a complex regional system of roads.

A. with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each, were

B. with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each,

C. of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms, each that had been

D. of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms and with each

E. of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms each had been

Ans--(B)

rorarora

大全110.     An attempt to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment, begun almost two decades ago, has been unsuccessful despite efforts by many important groups, including the National Organization for Women.

(A) to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment, begun almost two decades ago,

(B) begun almost two decades ago, for ratifying the Equal Rights Amendment

(C) begun for ratifying the Equal Rights Amendment almost two decades ago

(D) at ratifying the Equal Rights Amendment, begun almost two decades ago,

(E) that has begun almost two decades ago to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment

选A

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-8-17 20:35:43编辑过]

rorarora

11. Based on accounts of various ancient writers, scholars have painted a sketchy picture of the activities of an all-female cult that, perhaps as early as the sixth century B.C., worshipped a goddess known in Latin as Bona Dea, “the good goddess.”

(A) Based on accounts of various ancient writers

A错了，OG解释：In choice A, the introductory clause beginning Based on modifies scholars, the noun that immediately follows it: in other words, A says that scholars were based on the accounts of various ancient writers.
    

但247. Faced with an estimated $2 billion budget gap, the city’s mayor proposed a nearly 17 percent reduction in the amount allocated the previous year to maintain the city’s major cultural institutions and to subsidize hundreds of local arts groups.

rorarora

2.Our rate of teenage pregnancies is among the highest in the industrialized world, being exceeded only by Chile, Hungary, Romania, Cuba, and Bulgaria.
(A) is among the highest in the industrialized world, being exceeded only by
(B) is among the highest in the industrialized world, exceeded only by that of
(C) are among the highest in the industrialized world, only exceeded by
(D) is among the highest in the industrialized world, and exceeds only
(E) are among the highest in the industrialized world, and they exceed those of only
这题答案是b。

搜出来一题比较复杂的.....看来过去分词的用法和现在分词差不多.....

下面有人进一步举例：

可以作状语的：He soon fall asleep,exhausted by the journey.

rorarora

类比一下，好像反而使V-ing的现在分词，不能用逗号+v.-ing, 表示对名词的修饰；

而这个过去分词，在OG里面普遍的用法有两个：

1）句首，修饰主句主语；

2）n.+(,)v.-ed, 修饰相邻的名词和名词短语，有没有逗号区别不大；

3）在句尾修饰主句主语，或者做伴随壮语的情况不多；

4）在句尾的时候，会不会有歧义，要结合整道题目判断.........

rorarora

这个....基本上出现的情况少....

大家继续多多谈论呀.......

dingxiang

感谢熊猫妹妹鼎力

但问题是这道题目前面争论的关键是过去分词做定语的时候，碰到前面有复杂的名词词组，不如不只一个名词的时候，是否可以跳跃修饰？

我之前的理解是可以的，正如定从是修饰核心词，

但看了楼主的中文解释，又觉得就近修饰在本题中确实妥当些。

至于分词做定语和做状语的情况，确实做状语的多些，尤其在句末，但在句末会有歧义。 在句首，是做定语的，也就牵涉到逻辑主语的问题。

rorarora

我觉得，跳跃修饰没什么问题；

关键是逻辑意义，这题应该还是就近修饰...

open to discuss