请教GWD题，T-4-Q38

carroline

T-4-Q38

In one state, all cities and most towns have antismoking ordinances, a petition entitled “Petition for Statewide Smoking Restriction” is being circulated to voters by campaign workers who ask only, “Do you want to sign a petition for statewide smoking restriction?” The petition advocates a state law banning smoking in most retail establishments and in government offices that are open to the public.

Which of the following circumstances would make the petition as circulated misleading to voters who understand the proposal as extending the local ordinances statewide?

 

A.      Health costs associated with smoking cause health insurance premiums to rise for everyone and so affect nonsmokers.

B.       In rural areas of the state, there are relatively few retail establishments and government offices that are open to the public.

C.      The state law would supersede the local antismoking ordinances, which contain stronger bans than the state law does.

D.      There is considerable sentiment among voters in most areas of the state for restriction of smoking.

E.       The state law would not affect existing local ordinances banning smoking in places where the fire authorities have determined that smoking would constitute a fire hazard.

答案是B

我不太理解这个题到底需要干嘛。

听风听雨

这个题有帖子讨论过，NN们的答案似乎也不能统一，建议搜那个帖子看看

yi11

注意文章都是evidence没有结论，问题问什么能够使petition as circulated mislead voters，那么误导选民实际上是结论，问题实际上是问assumption或者加强。另外问题给出了误导使选民们误认为petition只是要把本地的禁烟令扩展到全国
题干里面关于禁烟有两个概念，一个是禁烟的范围(state, city,town)，一个是禁烟的场所（零售场所，对公众开放的政府机构）。而petition的目的是建立全国范围的零售场所和政府禁烟。
当campaign worker宣传的时候，他们只问voter ("ask only")，同不同意全国禁烟，并没有提全国禁烟的场所
那么(B)说农村几乎没有(relatively few)零售场所和政府，那么对于这些地方的选民在禁烟的问题上也就很少会有对在零售场所和政府禁烟的考虑，他们只是觉得petition就是要把当地的禁烟令扩展到全国，这和petition真正的目的是不完全一样的，从而mislead选民。


(A)(D)(E)提到不相关概念(health costs/sentiment/fire)可以直接排除，(C)说地方国家地方谁的禁烟令强，也和误导选民无关。

myheart2008

这次彻底明白了,LS太厉害了,佩服的紧啊

爱林如梦

还是有争议啊。

(C)说地方国家地方谁的禁烟令强，也和误导选民无关。

C的意思实际上是州法会替代更为严格的地方法。所以在这种情况下，那些认为这个petition是在将地方法推广到全州的人，就受到了误导啊。

请ＮＮ出来看一下啊。

annachen0123

yi11:你很强呀，分析很好！

Ryang

那么(B)说农村几乎没有(relatively few)零售场所和政府，那么对于这些地方的选民在禁烟的问题上也就很少会有对在零售场所和政府禁烟的考虑，他们只是觉得petition就是要把当地的禁烟令扩展到全国，这和petition真正的目的是不完全一样的，从而mislead选民。

C实际上就包含了B里面的statement - B实际上是local laws比state laws更加严格所体现出的一个方面 - 所以只要是B是对的，C一定是对的，不是吗？

hwjhope

第二次看到此题，今天好像有些明白了。有点绕，从头到尾分析下：

题目：In one state, all cities and most towns have antismoking ordinances, a petition entitled “Petition for Statewide Smoking Restriction” is being circulated to voters by campaign workers who ask only, “Do you want to sign a petition for statewide smoking restriction?” The petition advocates a state law banning smoking in most retail establishments and in government offices that are open to the public.

一个州，所有的城市和乡镇都有antismking ordinances。（注意所有城市都有，这点非常重要）

这种情况下，一伙人呼吁全州范围内的限制吸烟，同时仅仅通过一个问题 “Do you want to sign a petition for statewide smoking restriction?” 向其他人进行宣传。这伙人所指的全州范围内的限制吸烟实际上是指禁止在某些场所吸烟。

注意：（重要条件出场）由于该州所有城市和乡镇都有antismoking ordinances，所以按理来说这伙人呼吁限制吸烟，并说“Do you want to sign a petition for statewide smoking restriction?” ，不会mislead  voters，使大众觉得此次活动是要将本地法律推向全国。因为statewide restriction是存在的，全国各地都有antismoking ordinance。

题目问的是，在下列何种情况下，会导致群众将此次行为误解为将地方法拓展至全国。

主要纠结的是B和c

B.       In rural areas of the state, there are relatively few retail establishments and government offices that are open to the public.

B，如果B中的情况存在，由于农村没有retail 和对公众开放的government office，所以请愿肯定会误导rural areas地方的人。但相对于一个州的大样本来说，农村地区这部分样本较小。即大多数人都不会误解，只可能农村地区的人误解。

C.      The state law would supersede the local antismoking ordinances, which contain stronger bans than the state law does.

c，州法将要取代地方法，地方法比州法严格。如果题目中的请愿发生时，正值c中提到的情形发生，即一个不严格的法取代一个严格的法，在这种情况下，如果呼吁者不说清楚自己请愿的内容，仅仅问“Do you want to sign a petition for statewide smoking restriction?”，极有可能误解大众，使大家觉得是将地方法拓展至全国。

不知道我说清楚没~

34cocorate

UP

zongtong

HY，J 妹妹分析正确， 选C!

误导， 就是其反作用， 削弱：

如果只是“YES”,  C中哪些要酷法的人反而得到了宽法！误导！