火山mamgo 这篇机经在GWD多少上啊?明天考试,急求~

ZGJGerdy

火山mamgo,大概是说下面的M填进去,还是外面的石头填进去这样的,有人说是GWD的,我没印象了,各位帮帮忙,明天早上考试~~

andylouis

在30套里面

songyeonpp

麻烦楼上能否贴一下？我只有cd22和tootoo24版本的，找到了31版本的，却让输入三字经前十二个字。输了半天也不行。急死了

ZGJGerdy

以下是引用andylouis在2007-9-29 14:44:00的发言：
在30套里面

请问是这个吗？

GWD30-Q11 to Q13:

      First identified in 1969, komatiites

       are Earth’s oldest known volcanic

       rocks and contain three times as much

Line       magnesium as do most volcanic rocks.

  (5)      This chemical composition suggests

that komatiites formed from the hottest

lava known ever to have erupted:  a

high concentration of magnesium

changes the physical properties of

 (10)      lava so that unusually high tempera-

tures would be required for the lava

to exist as a liquid.

      Komatiites’ discovery was surpris-

ing in light of then-current geological

 (15)      theories about magmas, molten rock

that forms in the Earth’s mantle (the

layer beneath the crust) and composes

volcanic lava eruptions.  Prior to 1960,

geologists Bowen and Hess disagreed

 (20)      over whether or not the very high tem-

       peratures needed to produce magmas

       rich in magnesium could have existed

on Earth.  Hess suggested that the

presence of water, probably released

 (25)      from minerals decomposing in the

Earth’s mantle, might have meant that

a high-magnesium magma could have

existed at a lower temperature.  But

Bowen showed experimentally that the

 (30)      high temperatures were indeed nec-

essary.  By 1960, it was generally

accepted that volcanic rocks with such

       high levels of magnesium could not

exist, and thus the discovery of koma-

 (35)
                       tiites changed geologists’ assumptions

about the characteristics of the Earth’s

mantle around the time of the formation

of komatiites, between 2.5 and 4 billion

      years ago.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q11:

Which of the following most accurately describes the organization of the passage?

             

1. Two divergent views of a scientific phenomenon are reconciled.
2. A phenomenon is described and its scientific significance is discussed.
3. The discovery of a scientific phenomenon is traced and its implications for further research are suggested.
4. A long-standing scientific theory is examined and recently discovered evidence is shown to support it.
5. The ways in which a particular geological phenomenon is exceptional are detailed and classified.

Answer:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q12:

Information in the passage suggests which of the following concerning the Earth’s mantle 2.5 to 4 billion years ago?

             

1. It contained magmas that were more significantly affected by the decomposition of minerals than are current-day magmas.
2. It contained a lower proportion of water that it contains today.
3. Its characteristics were accurately described by both Bowen and Hess.
4. Its temperature was sufficiently high to produce magmas with high magnesium content.
5. Its total magnesium content then was roughly equivalent to its magnesium content today.

Answer:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q13:

Which of the following most accurately states the main point of the passage?

             

1. Komatiites provide information about rates of volcanic eruption between 2.5 and 4 billion years ago.
2. Komatiites provide information about how the physical properties of lava in the Earth’s past compare with those of current-day lava.
3. Komatiites provide evidence that undermines Bowen’s experimental conclusions regarding the temperatures at which lava exists as a liquid.
4. Komatiites provide evidence that has changed geologists’ ideas about the characteristics of the Earth’s mantle between 2.5 and 4 billion years ago.
5. Komatiites provide evidence that water in the Earth’s mantle may have reduced the temperature required for lava to exist as a liquid.

Answer:

windy_city

我大概看了一下，好像和jj不一样

Q11 to Q13:

      First identified in 1969, komatiites

        are Earth’s oldest known volcanic

        rocks and contain three times as much

Line       magnesium as do most volcanic rocks.

  (5)      This chemical composition suggests

that komatiites formed from the hottest

lava known ever to have erupted:  a

high concentration of magnesium

changes the physical properties of

 (10)      lava so that unusually high tempera-

tures would be required for the lava

to exist as a liquid.

      Komatiites’ discovery was surpris-

ing in light of then-current geological

 (15)      theories about magmas, molten rock

that forms in the Earth’s mantle (the

layer beneath the crust) and composes

volcanic lava eruptions.  Prior to 1960,

geologists Bowen and Hess disagreed

 (20)      over whether or not the very high tem-

       peratures needed to produce magmas

       rich in magnesium could have existed

on Earth.  Hess suggested that the

presence of water, probably released

 (25)      from minerals decomposing in the

Earth’s mantle, might have meant that

a high-magnesium magma could have

existed at a lower temperature.  But

Bowen showed experimentally that the

 (30)      high temperatures were indeed nec-

essary.  By 1960, it was generally

accepted that volcanic rocks with such

          high levels of magnesium could not

exist, and thus the discovery of koma-

 (35)
               tiites changed geologists’ assumptions

about the characteristics of the Earth’s

mantle around the time of the formation

of komatiites, between 2.5 and 4 billion

      years ago.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q11:

Which of the following most accurately describes the organization of the passage?

             

1. Two divergent views of a scientific phenomenon are reconciled.

2. A phenomenon is described and its scientific significance is discussed.

3. The discovery of a scientific phenomenon is traced and its implications for further research are suggested.

4. A long-standing scientific theory is examined and recently discovered evidence is shown to support it.

5. The ways in which a particular geological phenomenon is exceptional are detailed and classified.

Answer: b

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q12:

Information in the passage suggests which of the following concerning the Earth’s mantle 2.5 to 4 billion years ago?

             

1. It contained magmas that were more significantly affected by the decomposition of minerals than are current-day magmas.

2. It contained a lower proportion of water that it contains today.

3. Its characteristics were accurately described by both Bowen and Hess.

4. Its temperature was sufficiently high to produce magmas with high magnesium content.

5. Its total magnesium content then was roughly equivalent to its magnesium content today.

Answer: d

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q13:

Which of the following most accurately states the main point of the passage?

             

1. Komatiites provide information about rates of volcanic eruption between 2.5 and 4 billion years ago.

2. Komatiites provide information about how the physical properties of lava in the Earth’s past compare with those of current-day lava.

3. Komatiites provide evidence that undermines Bowen’s experimental conclusions regarding the temperatures at which lava exists as a liquid.

4. Komatiites provide evidence that has changed geologists’ ideas about the characteristics of the Earth’s mantle between 2.5 and 4 billion years ago.

5. Komatiites provide evidence that water in the Earth’s mantle may have reduced the temperature required for lava to exist as a liquid.

Answer: d

langzhihun

TO一楼楼主,应该是下面一篇,祝你考出好成绩,期待你的JJ

1.        GWD-7-Q22 to Q25形成火山的两个机理

      Earth’s surface consists of rigid

       plates that are constantly shifting and

       jostling one another.  Plate movements

Line
                  are the surface expressions of motions

  (5)      in the mantle—the thick shell of rock

that lies between Earth’s crust and its

metallic core.  Although the hot rock of

the mantle is a solid, under the tre-

mendous pressure of the crust and

 (10)      overlying rock of the mantle, it flows like

a viscous liquid.  The mantle’s motions,

analogous to those in a pot of boiling

water, cool the mantle by carrying hot

material to the surface and returning

 (15)      cooler material to the depths.  When

the edge of one plate bends under

another and its cooler material is con-

sumed in the mantle, volcanic activity

occurs as molten lava rises from the

 (20)      downgoing plate and erupts through the

       overlying one.地球板块运动及火山爆发产生

             Most volcanoes occur at plate

boundaries.  However, certain “mis-

placed” volcanoes far from plate

 (25)      edges result from a second, indepen-

dent mechanism that cools the deep

interior of Earth.  Because of its prox-

imity to Earth’s core, the rock at the

base of the mantle is much hotter than

 (30)      rock in the upper mantle.  The hotter the

mantle rock is, the less it resists flow-

ing.  Reservoirs of this hot rock collect

       in the base of the mantle.  When a

reservoir is sufficiently large, a sphere

 (35)
               of this hot rock forces its way up

through the upper mantle to Earth’s

surface, creating a broad bulge in the

topography.  The “mantle plume” thus

      formed, once established, continues to

 (40)     channel hot material from the mantle

base until the reservoir is emptied.

The surface mark of an established

plume is a hot spot—an isolated

region of volcanoes and uplifted terrain

 (45)      located far from the edge of a surface

plate.  Because the source of a hot

spot remains fixed while a surface

plate moves over it, over a long period

of time an active plume creates a chain

 (50)      of volcanoes or volcanic islands, a

track marking the position of the plume

relative to the moving plate.  The natural

history of the Hawaiian island chain

clearly shows the movement of the

Pacific plate over a fixed plume.
        不在边缘火山爆发原因解释

现象解释

逻辑简图：

1P: earth consists of… mantle’s motion analogous to
            boiling water. One plates bends under another, volcanic activity…

2P: most occur at boundaries. However, certain occur far from edge result from……. The natural history of H shows….

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GWD-7-Q22:

The passage is primarily concerned with discussing

             

A.      the composition of Earth’s mantle

B.     how the Hawaiian Islands were created

C.     what causes Earth’s surface plates to move

D.     two different mechanisms by which volcanoes are formed

E.     why most volcanoes occur at plate boundaries

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GWD-7-Q23:

It can be inferred from the passage that a chain of volcanoes created by a mantle plume would most likely be characterized by

             

A.      a curved outline

B.     constituent volcanoes that differ from each other in age

C.     occurrence near a plate boundary where one plate bends under another

D.     appearance near many other volcanic chains无

E.     rocks with a wide range of chemical composition

Because the source of a hot
                spot remains fixed while a surface
                plate moves over it, over a long period
                of time an active plume creates a chain
                of volcanoes or volcanic islands, a
                track marking the position of the plume relative to the moving plate.  f

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GWD-7-Q24:

The author’s reference to the Hawaiian Islands
            serves primarily to

             

A.      provide an example of a type of volcanic activity that does not occur elsewhere

B.     identify the evidence initially used to establish that the Pacific plate moves

C.     call into question a theory about the source of the volcanoes that created the Hawaiian Islands

D.     illustrate the distance from plate edges at which volcanoes typically appear

E.     provide an example of how mantle plumes manifest themselves on Earth’s surface

The natural
            history of the Hawaiian island chain
            clearly shows the movement of the
            Pacific plate over a fixed plume.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GWD-7-Q25:

According to the passage, a hot spot on Earth’s surface is an indication of which of the following?

 

A.      An untapped reservoir of hot rock in the base of the mantle

B.     Volcanic activity at the edge of a plate

C.     Solid mantle rock under tremendous pressure

D.     The occurrence of a phenomenon unique to the Pacific plate

E.     A plume of hot mantle rock originating near Earth’s core

The surface mark of an established
        plume is a hot spot—an isolated
        region of volcanoes and uplifted terrain
        located far fro

langzhihun

ZGJGerdy受到请回复,祝你杀G成功

ZGJGerdy

谢谢楼上兄弟~~

andylouis

怎么今天的JJ 好少 郁闷

ZGJGerdy

是啊,明天起早再看看~~