LSAT题请教大家

yvonne703

11.    rofessor Smith published a paper arguing that a chemical found in minute quantities in most drinking water had an adverse effect on the human nervous system. Existing scientific theory held that no such effect was possible because there was no neural mechanism for bringing it about. Several papers by well-known scientists in the field followed, unanimously purporting to prove Professor Smith wrong. This clearly shows that the scientific establishment was threatened by Professor Smith’s work and conspired to discredit it.
Which one of the following is the central flaw in the argument given by the author of the passage?
(A) The author passes over the possibility that Professor Smith had much to gain should Professor Smith’s discovery have found general acceptance.
(B) The author fails to mention whether or not Professor Smith knew that the existence of the alleged new effect was incompatible with established scientific theory.
(C) The author fails to show why the other scientists could not have been presenting evidence in order to establish the truth of the matter.
(D) The author neglects to clarify what his or her relationship to Professor Smith is.
(E) The author fails to indicate what, if any, effect the publication of Professor Smith’s paper had on the public’s confidence in the safety of most drinking water.

我不明白答案为什么是C

yvonne703

22.    Nursing schools cannot attract a greater number of able applicants than they currently do unless the problems of low wages and high-stress working conditions in the nursing profession are solved. If the pool of able applicants to nursing school does not increase beyond the current level, either the profession will have to lower its entrance standards, or there will soon be an acute shortage of nurses. It is not certain, however, that lowering entrance standards will avert a shortage. It is clear that with either a shortage of nurses or lowered entrance standards of the profession, the current high quality of health care cannot be maintained.
Which one of the following can be property inferred from the passage?
(A) If the nursing profession solves the problems of low wages and high-stress working conditions, it will attract able applicants in greater numbers than it currently does.
(B) The nursing profession will have to lower its entrance standards if the pool of able applicants to nursing school does not increase beyond the current level.
(C) If the nursing profession solves the problems of low wages and high-stress working conditions, high quality health care will be maintained.
(D) If the nursing profession fails to solve the problems of low wages and high-stress working conditions, there will soon be an acute shortage of nurses.
(E) The current high quality of health care will not be maintained if the problems of low wages and high-stress working conditions in the nursing profession are not solved.

答案是E, 但是A为什么不可以?

mindfree

1. Please tell me what C means

2. If you picked A, that means you need to know some basic logic reasoning. I suggest that you read other's post and answers first. Make sure you truly understand some explainations.

ecsniffer

11题不明白，谁给我讲讲？

crusaders

顶顶顶 ....

weiyu

11. The conclusion is based on the evidence that other professors disagree with Prof. Smith, if they prove Smith wrong not because they support the existing theory but because of other reasons, the author may commit fallacy of "argumentum ad. hominem" or (attack person)


22.Logic chain：


1.The first sentence:attract greater number of applicants->lower wages+stress problems are solved;


2.High quality service->no shortage+no lower standard->pool number increase->lower wages+stress problems are solved;


You should    notice that    the bold phrases have the same meaning, so we can conclude the logical chain.


According to 1, it is clear that A commits a fallacy of "affirming the    conclusion"逆命题


According to 2, it is clear that E is right answer: 逆否命题


Is that clear? By the way, you might as well note the Test number and the section number, it will faciliate for others to look it up in LSAT test paper.