07年1月梦队讨论专贴 新增cc的RC突破计划

colorful_na

以下是引用sookai在2006-11-18 10:43:00的发言：
一个CR的问题，feifei_logical里面的73题：

 

73. There is no reason why the work of scientists has to be
officially confirmed before being published. There is a system in place for the
confirmation or disconfirmation of scientific findings, namely, the replication
of results by other scientists. Poor scientific work on the part of any one
scientists, which can include anything from careless reporting practices to
fraud, is not harmful. It will be exposed and rendered harmless when other
scientists conduct experiments and obtain disconfirmatory results.

 

 

 

Which one of the following, if true, would weaken the
argument?

 

 

 

A.       
Scientific
experiments can go unchallenged for many years before they are replicated.

 

B.       
Most
scientists work in universities, where their work is submitted to peer review
before publication.

 

C.       
Most
scientists are under pressure to make their work accessible to the scrutiny of
replication.

 

D.      
In
scientific experiments, careless reporting is more common than fraud.

 

E.       
Most
scientists work as part of a team rather than alone.

我的理解是：作者强调不需要一个新的confirmation机制；那么能够weaken这个结论的应该是：某些地方就存在了这样的机制。这是我的理解，这样理解的话，我觉得在选项B中描述的大学老师经常需要相互校验的机制，应该就是weaken了作者的结论，为什么答案中说是无关选项呢？

觉得选A是weaken...不知道对不对

DJungle

以下是引用sookai在2006-11-18 10:43:00的发言：
一个CR的问题，feifei_logical里面的73题：

73. There is no reason why the work of scientists has to be
officially confirmed before being published. There is a system in place for the
confirmation or disconfirmation of scientific findings, namely, the replication
of results by other scientists. Poor scientific work on the part of any one
scientists, which can include anything from careless reporting practices to
fraud, is not harmful. It will be exposed and rendered harmless when other
scientists conduct experiments and obtain disconfirmatory results.

Which one of the following, if true, would weaken the argument?

A.       Scientific experiments can go unchallenged for many years before they are replicated.

B.       Most scientists work in universities, where their work is submitted to peer review before publication.

C.       Most scientists are under pressure to make their work accessible to the scrutiny of replication.

D.      In scientific experiments, careless reporting is more common than fraud. 

E.       Most scientists work as part of a team rather than alone.

我的理解是：作者强调不需要一个新的confirmation机制；那么能够weaken这个结论的应该是：某些地方就存在了这样的机制。这是我的理解，这样理解的话，我觉得在选项B中描述的大学老师经常需要相互校验的机制，应该就是weaken了作者的结论，为什么答案中说是无关选项呢？

中心论点我觉得是第一句，所有科学家的研究发现都必须得到官方验证后才可发表这种理论是没有意义的。

weaken的话，就是support科学家的研究必须得到官方验证才可发表。

B里说大学里的科学家在发表自己的研究前都给他们的peers看，我觉得有些support的意思了，好像是说都给被人看过了就不需要等官方验证后才能发表了。

我支持A，不知道对不对。。继续讨论。。

cccccc0

这题的结论是：科学家在发表之前可以不对自己的结论作出comfirmation,因为有个system即 replication
of results by other scientists.

结论也就是说科学结果发表的时候即使错了也会有人指出的

所以只有A weaken了答案

Scientific experiments can go unchallenged for many years before they are replicated.

A说错了没有被人指出来

我个人觉得其他的答案都是无关选项

B说Most scientists work in universities, where their work is submitted to peer review before publication.--〉就算Most scientists don't work in university也对conclusion没什么影响

C,D,E也很明显是无关答案，可以排除

steffie

昨晚正式报名付钱了,1月18日下午上海考,昨晚做了一些SC,惨不忍睹....

PS: 1月13日考IELTS

DJungle

想请教OG10阅读第9篇，实在不明白这一段是什么意思，请同学们帮忙看一下到底O18和O16的比例在冰河期是变大了还是变小了。。划线部分谁能给翻译一下啊，多谢了！！！

To establish such a chronology it is necessary to

determine the relative amounts of land ice that existed

at various times in the Earth’s past. A recent discovery

(10) makes such a determination possible: relative land-ice

volume for a given period can be deduced from the ratio

of two oxygen isotopes,
                16 and 18, found in ocean sedi-

ments. Almost all the oxygen in water is oxygen 16, but

a few molecules out of every thousand incorporate the

(15) heavier isotope 18. When an ice age begins, the conti-

nental ice sheets grow, steadily reducing the amount of

water evaporated from the ocean that will eventually

return to it. Because heavier isotopes tend to be left

behind when water evaporates from the ocean surfaces,

(20) the remaining ocean water becomes progressively

enriched in oxygen 18. The degree of enrichment can

be determined by analyzing ocean sediments of the

period, because these sediments are composed of calcium

carbonate shells of marine organisms, shells that were

(25) constructed with oxygen atoms drawn from the sur-

rounding ocean. The higher the ratio of oxygen 18 to

oxygen 16 in a sedimentary specimen, the more land ice

there was when the sediment was laid down.

ycflypig

以下是引用steffie在2006-11-20 1:56:00的发言：

昨晚正式报名付钱了,1月18日下午上海考,昨晚做了一些SC,惨不忍睹....

PS: 1月13日考IELTS

呵呵 MM 1月 2场恶战啊。加油

delphi_c

我也付钱了。。。1月31号下午上海考。。。
考到780，就去吃上海最贵的自助餐。。。
为了这顿饭，加油

ycflypig

弱弱的问一下 上海最贵的自助餐在哪里？

考好了，我也去

sookai

先几天作了一些feifei_logical，错的太多了，今天回头来看OG,,,,问大伙两个问题：
OG11版，CR题目第5题怎么回事？

    

5. Which of the
following best completes the passage below? Established companies concentrate on
defending what they already have．Consequently, they tend not to be innovative themselves and tend to
underestimate the effects of the innovations of others．The clearest example of this
defensive strategy is the fact that    
．

(A)  ballpoint pens and soft-tip markers have
eliminated the traditional market for fountain pens，clearing the way for the marketing
of fountain pens as luxury or prestige items

(B)  a highly successful automobile was introduced by
the same company that had earlier introduced a model that had been a dismal failure

    

(C)  a once-successful manufacturer of slide rules reacted
to the introduction of electronic calculators by trying to make better slide
rules

    

(D)  one of the first models of modern accounting
machines，designed for
use in the banking industry, was purchased by a public library as well as by
banks

    

(E)  the Inventor 0f a commonly used anesthetic did not intend the
product to be used by dentists，who currently account for almost the entire market for that drug

段落中说防守战略就是不对产品进行革新，但是C选项中，确实make better sliede rule,,明明是对产品进行革新了，怎么还是防守策略的案例呢？

第7题中，

    

7. A researcher
discovered that people who have low levels of immune-system activity tend to
score much lower on tests of mental health than do people with normal or high
immune-system activity．The researcher concluded from this experiment that the immune system
protects against mental illness as well as against physical disease．

    

The researcher’s
conclusion depends on which of the following assumptions?

    

(A) High
immune-system activity protects against mental illness better than normal
immune-system activity does．

    

(B)  Mental illness is similar to physical disease in
its effects on body systems．

    

(C)  People with high immune-system activity cannot
develop mental illness．

    

(D)  Mental illness does not cause people's
immune-system activity to decrease．

    

(E)  Psychological treatment of mental illness is
not as effective as is medical treatment．

说researcher发现免疫力低的人在脑力测试中的得分比较低，同时断言免疫能力可以同时抵抗mental illness和physical disease...那么“脑力毛病和身体毛病应该在防治上有类似的原理“应该算`作是作者断言的一个假设吧，为什么答案是D?

sookai

以下是引用DJungle在2006-11-20 9:53:00的发言：

想请教OG10阅读第9篇，实在不明白这一段是什么意思，请同学们帮忙看一下到底O18和O16的比例在冰河期是变大了还是变小了。。划线部分谁能给翻译一下啊，多谢了！！！

To establish such a chronology it is necessary to

determine the relative amounts of land ice that existed

at various times in the Earth’s past. A recent discovery

(10) makes such a determination possible: relative land-ice

volume for a given period can be deduced from the ratio

of two oxygen isotopes,
    16 and 18, found in ocean sedi-

ments. [一定阶段中，从氧的两种同位素比例可以推算出相关的陆地冰存量，这两种同位素是O16和O18，可以在海洋的成分中找到]Almost all the oxygen in water is oxygen 16, but

a few molecules out of every thousand incorporate the

(15) heavier isotope 18. [在水中几乎所有的氧都是O16,但也有一些分子合成了更重的O18]When an ice age begins, the conti-

nental ice sheets grow, steadily reducing the amount of

water evaporated from the ocean that will eventually

return to it. [冰河世纪开始时，大陆冰块开始增长，海水中的蒸发量稳定地减少，]Because heavier isotopes tend to be left

behind when water evaporates from the ocean surfaces,

(20) the remaining ocean water becomes progressively

enriched in oxygen 18. [由于O18并非处于海洋的水表面，造成他们更不容易被蒸发掉，以至于海水中的O18相对地越来越多]The degree of enrichment can

be determined by analyzing ocean sediments of the

period, because these sediments are composed of calcium

carbonate shells of marine organisms, shells that were

(25) constructed with oxygen atoms drawn from the sur-

rounding ocean. The higher the ratio of oxygen 18 to

oxygen 16 in a sedimentary specimen, the more land ice

there was when the sediment was laid down.

供参考啊，，，呵呵