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280.卢梭的新社会契约论
P1.卢梭指出social contract的现有问题,provide only the appearance of legitimacy and equality
P2.social contract的起源:富人对财产保护的需求创造社会契约,花言巧语骗对生命安全保护的需求的穷人签订协议,本质只是让富人对穷人的剥夺更加系统化
P3.卢梭认识到契约造成的不公从而对修改契约,the formation of the sovereign,使得人们从【对另一人服从】到【对所有人服从】=【不对任何人服从】
P4.指出卢梭版本的契约和之前的契约的区别
之前:财产为强者所有
现在:财产先到先得
财产只有在以前没有被占用的情况下才能被征用,而且只有在占有财产的人的生存所必需的程度上才能被征用,这些措施旨在遏制早先契约理论中所规定的通过武力囤积财产的行为
1. Q:Which of the following societies would Rousseau be likely to endorse?
OA:A society in which a homeless family could legally move into an empty house they did not purchase.
对应In this system, property can be taken only if it has not been previously occupied and only to the degree necessary for the 【subsistence】 of those taking it
subsistence=survival 只有生存所迫的才能占有没有被占过的资产
2. It can be inferred from the passage that Rousseau would believe which of the following of a society of men and women living without the primary structures of civilization?
A:Those with more wealth would be at risk of losing it to those with less.
对应:In a state of nature, one in which there is no government or law to control the interactions of people, the rich would have great difficulty protecting the property that they possess. |
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