[揽瓜阁逻辑小分队] day21

佛系A子在線讀書

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Pc700

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fandiry

Day 21
1.  It is illegal to advertise prescription medications in Hedland except directly to physicians, either by mail or in medical journals.  A proposed law would allow general advertising of prescription medications.  Opponents object that the general population lacks the specialized knowledge to evaluate such advertisements and might ask their physicians for inappropriate medications.  But since physicians have the final say as to whether to prescribe a medication for a patient, inappropriate prescriptions would not become more common.
大意：处方药打广告不合适，因为人们缺乏专业知识，但会寻求医生来帮助把关，原文默认医生会给开合适的药这个assumption，但如果病人原先的药效不好，然后又要求开新的药，那医生是否会给他开，就起到了evaluate效果
Which of the following would it be most useful to establish in order to evaluate the argument?
(A) Whether advertising for prescription medications might alert patients to the existence of effective treatments for minor ailments that they had previously thought to be untreatable
(B) Whether some people might go to a physician for no reason other than to ask for a particular medication they have seen advertised
(C) Whether the proposed law requires prescription-medication advertisements directed to the general public to provide the same information as do advertisements directed to physicians
(D) Whether advertisements for prescription medications are currently an important source of information about newly available medications for physicians (无关选项，错选，）
(E) Whether physicians would give in to a patient's demand for a prescription medication chosen by the patient when the one originally prescribed by the physician fails to perform as desired
（正确选项，give in表屈服让步，和题目中谁有决定权联系上了，可以evaluate）
2.        收购农业土地
Environmental organizations want to preserve the land surrounding the Wilgrinn Wilderness Area from residential development. They plan to do this by purchasing that land from the farmers who own it.  That plan is ill-conceived:  if the farmers did sell their land, they would sell it to the highest bidder, and developers would outbid any other bidders.  On the other hand, these farmers will never actually sell any of the land, provided that farming it remains viable. But farming will not remain viable if the farms are left unmodernized, and most of the farmers lack the financial resources modernization requires.  And that is exactly why a more sensible preservation strategy would be to assist the farmers to modernize their farms to the extent needed to maintain viability （主要结论）
In the argument as a whole, the two boldface proportions play which of the following roles?

A. The first presents a goal that the argument rejects as ill-conceived; the second is evidence that is presented as grounds for that rejection.
B. The first presents a goal that the argument concludes cannot be attained; the second is a reason offered in support of that conclusion.
（错选，作者并没有认为这个目标实现不了，而是用原计划是无法达成的。）
C. The first presents a goal that the argument concludes can be attained; the second is a judgment disputing that conclusion.
D. The first presents a goal, strategies for achieving which are being evaluated in the argument; the second is a judgment providing a basis for the argument’s advocacy of a particular strategy.
（正确）
E. The first presents a goal that the argument endorses; the second presents a situation that the argument contends must be changed if that goal is to be met in the foreseeable future.
3.        某prep原题
One of the limiting factors in human physical performance is the amount of oxygen that is absorbed by the muscles from the bloodstream. Accordingly, entrepreneurs have begun selling at gymnasium and health club bottles of drinking water, labeled ‘super OXY’, that has extra oxygen dissolved in the water, such water would be useless in improving physical performance. However, since the amount of oxygen in the blood of someone who is exercising is already more than the muscle cell can absorb.
which of the following，if true，would serve the same function in the grammar as the statement in boldface？
A. word-class athletes turn in record performances without such water
B. frequent physical exercise increases the body’s ability to take in and use oxygen
C. the only way to get oxygen into the blood steam so that it can be absorbed by the muscles is through the lungs（正选，都是削弱作用，证明氧气无法靠OXY来补充）
D. lack of oxygen is not the only factor limiting human physical performance
E. the water lost in exercising can be replaced with ordinary tap water.

邦德王

Day 21

1. 新药广告投放与销量

三年前美国政府准许了perception meditation的广告投放，然后发现三年过去大量投放广告的药品销量增加。 结论是这些广告导致了人们主动要求医生来开这些药。 问加强。

加强：排除他因

【类似题目】It is illegal to advertise prescription medications in Hedland except directly to physicians, either by mail or in medical journals.  A proposed law would allow general advertising of prescription medications.  Opponents object that the general population lacks the specialized knowledge to evaluate such advertisements and might ask their physicians for inappropriate medications.  But since physicians have the final say as to whether to prescribe a medication for a patient, inappropriate prescriptions would not become more common.

Which of the following would it be most useful to establish in order to evaluate the argument?

(A) Whether advertising for prescription medications might alert patients to the existence of effective treatments for minor ailments that they had previously thought to be untreatable

(B) Whether some people might go to a physician for no reason other than to ask for a particular medication they have seen advertised

(C) Whether the proposed law requires prescription-medication advertisements directed to the general public to provide the same information as do advertisements directed to physicians

(D) Whether advertisements for prescription medications are currently an important source of information about newly available medications for physicians

(E) Whether physicians would give in to a patient's demand for a prescription medication chosen by the patient when the one originally prescribed by the physician fails to perform as desired

2. 收购农业土地

Environmental organizations want to preserve the land surrounding the Wilgrinn Wilderness Area from residential development. They plan to do this by purchasing that land from the farmers who own it.  That plan is ill-conceived:  if the farmers did sell their land, they would sell it to the highest bidder, and developers would outbid any other bidders.  On the other hand, these farmers will never actually sell any of the land, provided that farming it remains viable. But farming will not remain viable if the farms are left unmodernized, and most of the farmers lack the financial resources modernization requires.  And that is exactly why a more sensible preservation strategy would be to assist the farmers to modernize their farms to the extent needed to maintain viability.

In the argument as a whole, the two boldface proportions play which of the following roles?

A. The first presents a goal that the argument rejects as ill-conceived; the second is evidence that is presented as grounds for that rejection.

B. The first presents a goal that the argument concludes cannot be attained; the second is a reason offered in support of that conclusion.

C. The first presents a goal that the argument concludes can be attained; the second is a judgment disputing that conclusion.

D. The first presents a goal, strategies for achieving which are being evaluated in the argument; the second is a judgment providing a basis for the argument’s advocacy of a particular strategy.

E. The first presents a goal that the argument endorses; the second presents a situation that the argument contends must be changed if that goal is to be met in the foreseeable future.

3. 某prep原题

One of the limiting factors in human physical performance is the amount of oxygen that is absorbed by the muscles from the bloodstream. Accordingly, entrepreneurs have begun selling at gymnasium and health club bottles of drinking water, labeled ‘super OXY’, that has extra oxygen dissolved in the water, such water would be useless in improving physical performance. However, since the amount of oxygen in the blood of someone who is exercising is already more than the muscle cell can absorb.

which of the following，if true，would serve the same function in the grammar as the statement in boldface？

A. word-class athletes turn in record performances without such water

B. frequent physical exercise increases the body’s ability to take in and use oxygen

C. the only way to get oxygen into the blood steam so that it can be absorbed by the muscles is through the lungs

D. lack of oxygen is not the only factor limiting human physical performance

E. the water lost in exercising can be replaced with ordinary tap water.

问题不大35

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Tracy_C.

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问题不大35

Day 21
1.        新药广告投放与销量
三年前美国政府准许了perception meditation的广告投放，然后发现三年过去大量投放广告的药品销量增加。 结论是这些广告导致了人们主动要求医生来开这些药。 问加强。
逻辑链：投放广告的药品销量增加【p】（事实）-->广告导致人们主动要求医生开药【c】（原因）
加强：排除他因，因果之间真的有联系

【类似题目】It is illegal to advertise prescription medications in Hedland except directly to physicians, either by mail or in medical journals.  A proposed law would allow general advertising of prescription medications.  Opponents object that the general population lacks the specialized knowledge to evaluate such advertisements and might ask their physicians for inappropriate medications.  But since physicians have the final say as to whether to prescribe a medication for a patient, inappropriate prescriptions would not become more common.
Which of the following would it be most useful to establish in order to evaluate the argument?
(A) Whether advertising for prescription medications might alert patients to the existence of effective treatments for minor ailments that they had previously thought to be untreatable
(B) Whether some people might go to a physician for no reason other than to ask for a particular medication they have seen advertised
(C) Whether the proposed law requires prescription-medication advertisements directed to the general public to provide the same information as do advertisements directed to physicians
(D) Whether advertisements for prescription medications are currently an important source of information about newly available medications for physicians
(E) Whether physicians would give in to a patient's demand for a prescription medication chosen by the patient when the one originally prescribed by the physician fails to perform as desired
逻辑链：医生有决定权-->广告药不会滥用
evaluation：医生是否会收到患者影响，影响他开药的决定

2.        收购农业土地
Environmental organizations want to preserve the land surrounding the Wilgrinn Wilderness Area from residential development. They plan to do this by purchasing that land from the farmers who own it.  That plan is ill-conceived:  if the farmers did sell their land, they would sell it to the highest bidder, and developers would outbid any other bidders.  On the other hand, these farmers will never actually sell any of the land, provided that farming it remains viable. But farming will not remain viable if the farms are left unmodernized, and most of the farmers lack the financial resources modernization requires.  And that is exactly why a more sensible preservation strategy would be to assist the farmers to modernize their farms to the extent needed to maintain viability.
In the argument as a whole, the two boldface proportions play which of the following roles?
A. The first presents a goal that the argument rejects as ill-conceived; the second is evidence that is presented as grounds for that rejection.
B. The first presents a goal that the argument concludes cannot be attained; the second is a reason offered in support of that conclusion.
C. The first presents a goal that the argument concludes can be attained; the second is a judgment disputing that conclusion.
D. The first presents a goal, strategies for achieving which are being evaluated in the argument; the second is a judgment providing a basis for the argument’s advocacy of a particular strategy.
E. The first presents a goal that the argument endorses; the second presents a situation that the argument contends must be changed if that goal is to be met in the foreseeable future.
3.        某prep原题
One of the limiting factors in human physical performance is the amount of oxygen that is absorbed by the muscles from the bloodstream. Accordingly, entrepreneurs have begun selling at gymnasium and health club bottles of drinking water, labeled ‘super OXY’, that has extra oxygen dissolved in the water, such water would be useless in improving physical performance. However, since the amount of oxygen in the blood of someone who is exercising is already more than the muscle cell can absorb.
which of the following，if true，would serve the same function in the grammar as the statement in boldface？
A. word-class athletes turn in record performances without such water
B. frequent physical exercise increases the body’s ability to take in and use oxygen
C. the only way to get oxygen into the blood steam so that it can be absorbed by the muscles is through the lungs
D. lack of oxygen is not the only factor limiting human physical performance
E. the water lost in exercising can be replaced with ordinary tap water.

削弱。给出另一个useless的原因

Tracy_C.

1. 新药广告投放和销量
原题的逻辑链：perception meditation投放 —— 人们主动要求医生来开这些药 —— 这些投放广告的药物的销量
果：三年前美国政府准许了perception meditation的广告投放，然后发现这些投放广告的药物的销量增加
因：广告导致人们主动要求医生来开药
GAP：会不会有其他原因导致这些药物的销量增加？- 加强的话就排除他因

类似题目选B（选错了 - 重复前提, 说人们让医生开药是因为他们在广告上看到过这个），应该是选E - 他因削弱吧 - 判断这个药的销量增加是因为医生原来开的药不好，转而使用做广告的药

2. 收购农业土地
选D

3. 某prep原题
选C

曼特宁1213

Day 21
1.        新药广告投放与销量
三年前美国政府准许了perception meditation的广告投放，然后发现三年过去大量投放广告的药品销量增加。 结论是这些广告导致了人们主动要求医生来开这些药。 问加强。
———————————
1⃣️数据对比：针对同类病症没投放广告的药品销量没有上升
2⃣️排除外因：医生并不会主动offer开这些药/医生会在一定程度上听患者的要求开药

【类似题目】It is illegal to advertise prescription medications in Hedland except directly to physicians, either by mail or in medical journals.  A proposed law would allow general advertising of prescription medications.  Opponents object that the general population lacks the specialized knowledge to evaluate such advertisements and might ask their physicians for inappropriate medications.  But since physicians have the final say as to whether to prescribe a medication for a patient, inappropriate prescriptions would not become more common.
Which of the following would it be most useful to establish in order to evaluate the argument?
(A) Whether advertising for prescription medications might alert patients to the existence of effective treatments for minor ailments that they had previously thought to be untreatable
(B) Whether some people might go to a physician for no reason other than to ask for a particular medication they have seen advertised
(C) Whether the proposed law requires prescription-medication advertisements directed to the general public to provide the same information as do advertisements directed to physicians
(D) Whether advertisements for prescription medications are currently an important source of information about newly available medications for physicians
(E) Whether physicians would give in to a patient's demand for a prescription medication chosen by the patient when the one originally prescribed by the physician fails to perform as desired ✅


2.        收购农业土地
Environmental organizations want to preserve the land surrounding the Wilgrinn Wilderness Area from residential development. They plan to do this by purchasing that land from the farmers who own it.  That plan is ill-conceived:  if the farmers did sell their land, they would sell it to the highest bidder, and developers would outbid any other bidders.  On the other hand, these farmers will never actually sell any of the land, provided that farming it remains viable. But farming will not remain viable if the farms are left unmodernized, and most of the farmers lack the financial resources modernization requires.  And that is exactly why a more sensible preservation strategy would be to assist the farmers to modernize their farms to the extent needed to maintain viability.
In the argument as a whole, the two boldface proportions play which of the following roles?
A. The first presents a goal that the argument rejects as ill-conceived; the second is evidence that is presented as grounds for that rejection.
B. The first presents a goal that the argument concludes cannot be attained; the second is a reason offered in support of that conclusion.
C. The first presents a goal that the argument concludes can be attained; the second is a judgment disputing that conclusion.
D. The first presents a goal, strategies for achieving which are being evaluated in the argument; the second is a judgment providing a basis for the argument’s advocacy of a particular strategy.✅
E. The first presents a goal that the argument endorses; the second presents a situation that the argument contends must be changed if that goal is to be met in the foreseeable future.


3.        某prep原题
One of the limiting factors in human physical performance is the amount of oxygen that is absorbed by the muscles from the bloodstream. Accordingly, entrepreneurs have begun selling at gymnasium and health club bottles of drinking water, labeled ‘super OXY’, that has extra oxygen dissolved in the water, such water would be useless in improving physical performance. However, since the amount of oxygen in the blood of someone who is exercising is already more than the muscle cell can absorb.
which of the following，if true，would serve the same function in the grammar as the statement in boldface？
A. word-class athletes turn in record performances without such water
B. frequent physical exercise increases the body’s ability to take in and use oxygen
C. the only way to get oxygen into the blood steam so that it can be absorbed by the muscles is through the lungs✅
D. lack of oxygen is not the only factor limiting human physical performance
E. the water lost in exercising can be replaced with ordinary tap water.

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