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64
生词:
Ageing----have not been able to slow it down
Some genes are helpful, but no help to those who do not have them
A work by Dr B: 推测1 ageing body cells not only suffer themselves, but also have adverse effects to other cells around them----if these ageing cells are selectively destroyed, the effects also go away
-----展开讲这个发现的由来-------
Starts with an observation: produce P16INK4A---->control cell division within limits----anticancer mechanism
The limit varies, human: 60 divisions (correlated to the lifespan) ====>H-limit control maximum lifespan <-----Dr B agreed
Dr B genetically engineered mice (unusual), had a condition called progeria---aged much more rapidly
Also added a way of killing cells that produce P16 in the mice’s DNA (a second gene controlled by the same genetic switch)
--->the second gene activated all the time and produce a protein that was harmless to itself but could be deadly by the presence of a particular drug
--->give the drug, then would kill celled which had reached limits but do no effects to others
Results: mice given the drug suffered far less age-related body-wasting; they continue to experience age-related problems in tissue that do not produce P16 as they grew old; their hearts and blood vessels aged normally (unsuccessful, because heart is the main problem)
The drug although could not clear cataracts that had already formed, it reversed muscle-wasting and fatty-tissue loss----healthier
Also
Cells producing P16 were killed and cleared away by the drug--->support the 推测1
------evaluate-----
The most intriguing thing: a new way of thinking about how to slow the process of aging (natural way)
Prolonging lifespan based either on removing the H-limit or suppressing production of the oxidative chemicals that caused damage (by-product--->suppressing them even worse)
//by contrast
Eliminating senescent cells may be a logical extension
It is not an elixir of life, but a way of producing a healthier and more robust old age
像对mice那样做是不行滴,还需要找到其他方式
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