[请教]OG-155

whoody

155. The proportion of women among students enrolled in higher education programs has increased over the past decades. This is partly shown by the fact that in 1959, only 11 percent of the women between twenty and twenty-one were enrolled in college, while in 1981, 30 percent of the women between twenty and twenty-one were enrolled in college.

To evaluate the argument above, it would be most useful to compare 1959 and 1981 with regard to which of the following characteristics?

(A) The percentage of women between twenty and twenty-one who were not enrolled in college

(B) The percentage of women between twenty and twenty-five who graduated from college

(C) The percentage of women who, after attending college, entered highly paid professions

(D) The percentage of men between twenty and twenty-one who were enrolled in college D

(E) The percentage of men who graduated from high school

155.

The argument presents a substantial increase in the proportion of women between twenty and twenty-one who were enrolled in college as evidence that there was an increase in the proportion of higher education students who were women. This evidence would lack force if a similar increase in college enrollment had occurred among men. Choice D is therefore the best answer.

实在是不理解题目的要求：进入高校的学生中女生的比例从11％提高到了30％，那不是明摆着男生的比例从89％降到了70％？又从何而来的"a similar increase in college enrollment had occurred men"?

flyingheart_ss

The proportion of women among students enrolled in higher education programs has increased over the past decades.是体重所给的结论，也就是要evaluate 的东东。而 11 percent of the women between twenty and twenty-one    中的11％是说年龄在20－21的女性中有11％入学，而不是说入学的学生中有11％是女生！供参考

walksnow

这道题我也有疑问。我觉得5个答案中没有一个可以evaluate原文。如果要evaluate原文， 一个必要条件是必须知道1959 和1983年龄在20－21的男生女生数目。如果不知道这个数目， 仅仅知道女生从11%到30％， 加上答案中的条件， 是不能判断学生中女生数目的比例的。

简单举个例子：

假设1959男生女生一样多， 1000人

女生从11％到30％ 假设1983有2000人

男生也是11％到30％， 现在如果男生1000， 那么可以得出女生比列升高了， 但是男生人数如果是3000， 虽然都是从11％到30％， 女生的比例缺降低了。

所以单从男女生上升的比例来看， 根本不可能决定女生比例有没有上升。

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-10-17 21:42:38编辑过]

walksnow

Up Up

walksnow

Up

whoody

谢谢flyingheart_ss，我的理解的确错了

同意walksnow，当我纠正了对提议的理解之后也出现在跟你同样的疑问。如果理解了题意，很容易能选出正确答案，因为ABCE都无关（偷懒的做法:））。

所以能不能这样理解：题目中要evaluate的是在past decades中入学的女生占学生总人数的portion的变化，如果题目中给出了20－21岁女性入学比例变化作为条件的话，那么在相同的题目环境里，20－21岁男性入学比例变化也必须是条件之一。比如说，我们要evaluate某一时点的portion，就要在在这个时点，用入学女生的人数除以入学总人数（入学女生＋入学男生）。多个这样的时点集合起来，就组成了题目中说的decades；同样，多个这样的portion集合起来，就组成了题目中所研究的portion的变化。

我都不知道自己在说什么了，请N人指点一下思路对否。

sinclair

其实OG解释得很清楚，是说看女生入学比例的增长是否跟同期男生入学比例的增长同步或者更多，如果女生入学比例仅仅绝对值增高，而不是相比男生入学比例相对值增加，就不能得出原文的结论。

walksnow

以下是引用sinclair在2005-10-18 22:47:00的发言：
其实OG解释得很清楚，是说看女生入学比例的增长是否跟同期男生入学比例的增长同步或者更多，如果女生入学比例仅仅绝对值增高，而不是相比男生入学比例相对值增加，就不能得出原文的结论。

Increase of portion within its own group means nothing.

ok, if now we have information about proportion of male student with 20-21 yeas old las followings:

(D) Male student increased from 20% to 35% from 1959 to 1983.

Can you use this condition to evaluate the argument?

I don't think so.

In this question, if we use absolute number to subsitue percent, then every thing is ok le.

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-10-19 0:34:42编辑过]

walksnow

以下是引用whoody在2005-10-18 22:32:00的发言：

谢谢flyingheart_ss，我的理解的确错了

同意walksnow，当我纠正了对提议的理解之后也出现在跟你同样的疑问。如果理解了题意，很容易能选出正确答案，因为ABCE都无关（偷懒的做法:））。

所以能不能这样理解：题目中要evaluate的是在past decades中入学的女生占学生总人数的portion的变化，如果题目中给出了20－21岁女性入学比例变化作为条件的话，那么在相同的题目环境里，20－21岁男性入学比例变化也必须是条件之一。比如说，我们要evaluate某一时点的portion，就要在在这个时点，用入学女生的人数除以入学总人数（入学女生＋入学男生）。多个这样的时点集合起来，就组成了题目中说的decades；同样，多个这样的portion集合起来，就组成了题目中所研究的portion的变化。

我都不知道自己在说什么了，请N人指点一下思路对否。

I can understand what you are saying. But still, only percent of female/male

within its own group

is not enough at all.

So my conclusion is that: Sometimes there is no correct answer in CR, but the best answer.

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-10-19 0:26:49编辑过]

sinclair

Increase of portion within its own group means nothing.

ok, if now we have information about proportion of male student with 20-21 yeas old las followings:

(D) Male student increased from 20% to 35% from 1959 to 1983.

Can you use this condition to evaluate the argument?

I don't think so.

In this question, if we use absolute number to subsitue percent, then every thing is ok le.

I know there might be certain probablities of percentage changes, but the question is to choose a WOULD-be-MOST-useful one for evaluation. Give me another choice better than this one.

We know the uncertainty. But it's ETS's game, they made the rules, so just follow them if you want to play.