【语法知识点练习】语法干货总结练习，天天练，天天学，天天进步

人间烟火Sue

每一次修改了保存过后，格式都会不一样，简直每次仿佛在游戏....呵呵

人间烟火Sue

A:. the most extensively used method has been …and they arelaid ….   从结构上说主动和被动不平行；逻辑上 也不平行； they 不能很清晰的指代到bricks

B：选项，forming和to lay不平行

C选项，havingbrick formed和they were laid, 从结构上说主动和被动不平行； ；同时被动显得罗嗦；were 时态错应该是现在时，因为描述的是现在的method

D :  the way to do sth isto do 这样的结构一定保留,很好的平行

E选项，which想指代bricks，但是语法上which不能跳跃谓语指代主语；were 时态错

总结：

1.识别平行，A,B and C等类似结构。平行对象可能是多种形式：谓宾，介宾，that从句，to do等，但只需保证，所有平行项都是一种形式即可。（that从句补出that，介宾平行补出介词）

2. which：which倾向于指代裸奔的名词，或者在<核心词+简单修饰语>结构中，它可以跳过简单修饰语去指代核心词。但是，which绝对不可以在SVO结构中跳过V去指代主语；which在句尾指代意群结构时，也显得很awkward； 需要用同位语替代

14. Rising inventories, when unaccompanied correspondingly byincreases in sales, can lead to

productioncutbacks that would hamper economic growth.

(A) when unaccompaniedcorrespondingly by increases in sales, can lead

(B) when notaccompanied by corresponding increases in sales, possibly leads

(C) when they wereunaccompanied by corresponding sales increases, can lead

(D) if not accompaniedby correspondingly increased sales, possibly leads

(E) if not accompanied bycorresponding increases in sales, can lead

人间烟火Sue

每次自己都要认认真真的回答每一道题，码字码半天，感觉没有一杯一点点，我是扛不下去的。。

人间烟火Sue

释义： 如果没有被相应的销量上的增长所伴随，那么正在增加的库存将会导致一个生产上的缺陷，其会抑制经济增长

思路：

A: not accompany 比unaccompany 表达更符合习惯；when从句一般不和有像can这样标永恒的情态动词搭配使用；Correspondingincrease是相应的增长,correspondingly by  是相应地被伴随

根据逻辑判断应该是前者

B  risinginventories和leads 主谓遥远要一致

C :not accompany 比unaccompany 表达更符合习惯；were不能和后面的can搭配，时态不一致

D: rising inventories和leads 主谓遥远要一致；固定搭配 increase in sth  而不是 increased sth

E : bingo

总结：

1.副词or形容词？===>看这个词想要修饰的是什么。

2. when从句和if从句不同：when从句强调一个时间点，而if从句更强调一个条件。【when从句挺遭鄙视的】特别的，如果主句包含can这样表“永恒”的词，不要用when从句

3. HelpingVerb不能随便替换 (即may, will, must, should, can等词不要随意替换，它们各自传达了不同的obligation)

4. can等情态动词，表示eternal things,要结合一般现在时使用。

15. Many experts regarded the large increase in credit cardborrowing in March not as a sign that households were pressed for cash and forcedto borrow, rather a sign of confidence by households that they could safelyhandle new debt.

(A) rather a sign ofconfidence by households that they could safely

(B) yet as a sign ofhouseholds' confidence that it was safe for them to

(C) but a sign ofconfidence by households that they could safely

(D) but as a sign thathouseholds were confident they could safely handle new debt.

(E) but also as a signthat households were confident in their ability safely to

人间烟火Sue

思路：

Idiom; Logicalpredication; Parallelism

The structure of thissentence expresses negation and affirmation: Many experts regarded X not as asign that Y, but as a sign of Z. The idiomatic choice of words for thisconstruction should involve two clauses introduced by not as ... , but as... Itis also important to connect logically the adjective confident with the noun it

Waterblue01@cd:本题是not... But…平行结构,所以前面是not as 后面最好也是but as。一步秒杀。

A Theidiomatic choice of words to express the negation of one clause and theaffirmation of another is not as...but as... The affirmed clause is incorrectly introduced by rather. Furthermore,the preposition by does not express the idea that households are confident. Theplacement of the restrictive clause that they could safely handle new debtafter households could also cause confusion.

应该用but as，而且confidence by households用法错误，后面的限定性定语从句修饰歧义

B Theidiomatic choice of words to express the negation of one clause and theaffirmation of another is not as...but as... The affirmed clause is incorrectlyintroduced by yet as. The wording it was safe for them [households] to handlenew debt changes the intended meaning, making the households less clearly anagent in the handling.

Yet错误同A，后面的that从句改变了原句的意思，使得houselold并不像是handle new bedt的动作发出者。

C Theidiomatic choice of words to express the negation of one clause and theaffirmation of another is not as...but as... The affirmed clause is incorrectlyintroduced by but without the as. Furthermore, the preposition by does notexpress the idea that households are confident.

      But 错误同A，confidence by households错误同A

D bingo

E Theuse of the word also is misleading here. If the first embedded clause isnegated, the affirmed second clause cannot also be true. In addition, in theirability, while expressing the same idea as could, is redundant and safely tohandle is awkward; the wording in (D) is superior.

      But also错误同A，in their ability没有could 简练，而且后面就显得awkward。

16. A surgein new home sales and a drop in weekly unemployment claims suggest that the

economy might not beas weak as some analysts previously thought.

(A) claims suggestthat the economy might not be as weak as some analysts previously thought

(B) claims suggeststhat the economy might not be so weak as some analysts have previously

thought

(C) claims suggestthat the economy might not be as weak as have been previously thought by

some analysts

(D) claims, suggestingabout the economy that it might not be so weak as previously thought by

some analysts

(E) claims, suggestingthe economy might not be as weak as previously thought to be by some analysts

人间烟火Sue

思路：

A: as thought习惯性省略，白勇语法P12

B：选项，and可以连接两个名词组成复数主语，谓语不能是单数的suggests; 同级比较，as ….as 固定搭配,

SO adj as 错误; previously 用一般过去式

      

C选项， the economy havebeen previously thought…have应该为单数，并且被动语态啰嗦; previously 用一般过去式

      

D,成分残缺 ，缺少谓语。句子结构：A surge…anda drop…, suggesting…(缺少谓语)

E: 成分残缺,缺少谓语 ; suggest后 引导宾从的that 不能省略；to be 多余，as sb thought习惯性省略，白勇P12

总结：

1.主动语态>被动语态，尤其是前面一句话已经是被动语态的时候;  

此外，定语从句一般用主动而非被动                                                                        被动语态一些注意事项:      

A)动词只能是be动词，不能是类似got等词               

B)不及物动词没有被动形式                                                         

C)用by来接动作的发出者，用through/because of接方式或方法                     

D)有时候被动语态是可以接受的==>为了保证平行；为了保证冒号的正确运用

2. 时态提示词：区分一般过去时和现在完成时的时态词：                          

A)一般过去时：ago, in the past, previously, inXXX, originally,initially,previously                           

B)现在完成时：ever since, in/within/duringthe  last/past/first  XXX                          

注意，since不能加时间段，只能是具体时间   

17.Sunspots, vortices of gas associated with strong electromagnetic activity, arevisible as dark spots on the surface of the Sun but have never been sighted onthe Sun’s poles or equator.

(A) are visible asdark spots on the surface of the Sun but have never been sighted on

(B) are visible asdark spots that never have been sighted on thesurface of the Sun

(C) appear on thesurface of the Sun as dark spots although neversighted at

(D) appearas dark spots on the surface of the Sun, although never having been sighted at

(E) appear as darkspots on the Sun’s surface, which have never been sighted on

人间烟火Sue

思路：.

A: BUT 转折的平型结构 Sunspots arevisible  as …. but have never beensighted on….

B选项，that从句扭曲了原意，随意去掉了转折关系，转折是很常见的一种逻辑，如果作者有转折（还暗含对比）的意味，请保留；注意尾三词和未划线部分…on the surface of the Sun the Sun’s…结构混乱；

that never have been sighted 错误的修饰了dark spots

C :  although引导的从句没有主语和完整的谓语，这里sighted不是谓语,although的省略一般只位于句首，或在主语与谓语之间来修饰主语，若句子+although 不要省略

D选项，although引导的从句没有主语和完整的谓语；although的省略一般只位于句首，或在主语与谓语之间来修饰主语，若句子+although 不要省略

E选项，which从句改变了原意 ,转折是很常见的一种逻辑，如果作者有转折（还暗含对比）的意味，请保留；Sun’s surface,很挫的所有格搭配，无生命的从属关系一般用n1 of n2; have never been sighted错误的修饰了dark spots

总结：

1.转折是很常见的一种逻辑。如果作者有转折（还暗含对比）的意味，请保留。

句子中有转折的意味，不要改变这种转折。常见改变错误有：

A) 句尾V-ing，变成伴随

B)独立主格，表伴随任何改变都是不对的！

C)后半句变为定语从句

2.although的省略：although的省略一般只置于句首，或插在【主句主语和谓语之间】，来修饰主语。如果变

为【主句,although】从句的形式，although从句就不要省略的好。

18. Warning that computers in the United Statesare no secure, the National Academy of Sciences has urge the nation to revampcomputer security procedures ，institute new emergency response teams, creatinga special nongovernment organization to take charge of computer securityplanning.

(A)creating a special nongovernment organization to take

(B)creating a special nongovernment organization that takes

(C)creating a special nongovernment organization for taking

(D) andcreate a special nongovernment organization for taking

(E) andcreate a special nongovernment organization to take

WHATDOYOUWANT

我会仔细看的

人间烟火Sue

温暖宝宝越来越多了，hh，有在看帖子的亲们，偶尔发言鼓励一下，好吗？
我以为这个帖子要沉了

人间烟火Sue

思路：句子的意思，

National Academy of Sciences has urge thenation去做3样事情

     

To revamp…institute…and create…

A:creating 和前面两项不平行，而且需要and.

B:creating 和前面两项不平行，而且需要and.；因为这个organization 还不存在，所以that takes 时态错误；to take 表目的不能随便改成定从，而且 to take 的发出者是organization

C:creating 和前面两项不平行，而且需要and.；for taking 表目的不符合习惯

D:for taking 表目的不符合习惯

E:平型结构  to take 的发出者是organization

Institute  vt制定，创立 n 学会，协会

总结：反向考点：本来三个平行项，作者经常会把第三个改为V-ing，一般不对。因为，如果这样改，第二项前应该有and连接改动后的平行项===>任何平行结构，最后一项前都会有and

总结：平行中，辅助动词(to, be动词，情态动词)若省略，要么从第二项全省，要么一个都别省

19. A pioneer journalist, Nellie Bly's exploits included circling the globe faster than Jules Verne's fictionalPhileas Fogg.

(A) A pioneerjournalist, Nellie Bly's exploits included

(B) The exploits ofNellie Bly, a pioneer journalist, included

(C) Nellie Bly was apioneer journalist including in her exploits the

(D) Included in thepioneer journalist Nellie Bly's exploits are

(E) The pioneerjournalist's exploits of Nellie Bly included