【语法知识点练习】语法干货总结练习，天天练，天天学，天天进步

人间烟火Sue

思路：economic  经济的  economical 节约的   gmat常考点

A：bingo ；正确的使用so that 句型，一般出现so that 都是考点，要格外关注，而且一般就是正确选项（一般情况下不倒装，除非平行的对象也倒装）

B: comma 不能连接两个完整的句子； economic 和economical 意思不完全一样，不能随意互换

Debilitation n.衰弱，乏力稍稍的改变了点原意；it is of such debilitation啰嗦

C: 无故使用倒装语序，so …as to 一般不倒装，只用在简单的主系表结构中

D：such 一般不会单独出现；逗号不能连接两个句子；such is itsdebilitation 啰嗦; economic 和economical 意思不完全一样，不能随意互换；Debilitation n.衰弱，乏力稍稍的改变了点原意

；so that 句型荡然无存；

E: Although表转折从句和主句最好平行，  这里不合理的使用there be破换平行；there be+抽象名词，错

Debilitation n.衰弱，乏力稍稍的改变了点原意，so…that不能修饰介词短语与名词，只能修饰动作。：economic 和economical 意思不完全一样，不能随意互换

总结：固定搭配，平行对称

1.   关于so…that…与such…that…

(1)，与so…that的含义不同(prep such…that表达的是强调含义 1-131)。

(2) so…that后面不加情态动词表示结果，后面加情态动词表目的。 So 加情态动词表结果

(3) so…that不能修饰介词短语与名词，只能修饰动作。

(4) so…that用来说明做某事的目的，所以其前面应该是“做某事”，而不能是介词短语。(GWD-30-170)

(5) such + adj.+ that错误，such必须修饰名词，可以是such+adj.+noun.+that。这里such表示of a kind。

40. 1850, Lucretia Mott published her Discourse on Women, arguingin a treatise for women to have equal political and legal rights and forchanges in the married women's property laws.

A.arguing in a treatise for women to have equal political and legal rights

B.arguing in a treatise for equal political and legal rights for women

C.a treatise that advocates women's equal political and legal rights.

D.a treatise advocating women's equal political and legal rights.

E  a treatise that argued forequal political and legal rights for women.

人间烟火Sue

思路：此题语意解决比较痛快！划线内外平行就看划线外。

A ：arguing 做伴随状语不合逻辑，L出版的同时讨论着。。。。；a treatise 就是Discourse，语义重复；women 和changes 逻辑上不对等，具体名词不能跟动作性名词平行；

B：arguing做伴随状语不合逻辑，L出版的同时讨论着。。。。；a treatise 就是Discourse，语义重复；

C: 因为and 后有for ,所以前面应该有for与之平行，advocate vt.直接加宾语

D: 因为and 后有for ,所以前面应该有for与之平行，advocate vt.直接加宾语

E: bingo ； a treatise 作Discourse同位语；argued for …and for ….平行结构清晰；介词短语的平行需要补出介词，避免歧义

总结：同位语在本题题意中是优于伴随状语的。(出现同位语和ing在句尾时，靠逻辑来解题，大多说情况选同位语)

补充：-ing分词短语在句尾有两种情况（看到ing和ed都要考虑清楚）一是表伴随动作、状态、功能，与句子谓语动作同时发生，逻辑主语等与句子主语二是表伴随结果，整个句子是原因，导致分词动作产生，无逻辑主语。

识别平行，A,B and C等类似结构。平行对象可能是多种形式：谓宾，介宾，that从句，to do等，但只需保证，所有平行项都是一种形式即可。  （that从句补出that，介宾平行补出介词）

42. To develop more accurate population forecasts, demographers have toknow a great deal more than now about the social and economic determinantsof fertility.
A. have to know a great deal more than now about the social and economic
B. have to know a great deal more than they do now about the social andeconomical
C. would have to know a great deal more than they do now about the social andeconomical
D. would have to know a great deal more than they do now about the social andeconomic

E. would have to know a great deal more than now about the social and economic

人间烟火Sue

思路：

A: 句首是to develop….. forecasts, 表示目的，是假设 的条件下，主句要用would 表达意愿.;

比较对象错误 a great deal 和now 不可比（waterblue01@cd ：now有名词形式——现在，这里有比较宾语的嫌疑）。

B: 句首是to develop 表示目的，是一种与事实相反的条件结构，主句要用would； economical 不能和economic互换

C: economical 不能和economic互换

D；bingo ； 虚拟语气，表达与现在事实相反 ； 比较对象对等 ；

E: 比较对象错误a great deal 和now 不可比；

Would 条件动词，出现在假象的条件下。

determinants offertility 生产力的决定性因素

fertility [fə'tiliti] n. 肥沃；丰饶；多产；生产力

总结：to do应是个规避的考点，太乱。但to do应有以下几个注意点：               

A)to do如果要做句尾名词的形容词，不可置于句尾并用逗号把其与主句隔开  

B)to do在句首，有暗指将来的意思，要考虑使用虚拟语气。                                                                       

C)to do的平行结构，后几项的to可同省同留。                                         

D)在句中，若有可以达到相同意思的主谓结构，(且句子较为复杂时)优先主谓结构，舍弃to do或介宾结构==> 因为后两者需要判断逻辑主语。              

补充：to do可以做名词性成分，所以它可以做主语，宾语等。而in order to只能做状语，不能做主语。

            

43. Laos has aland area about the same as Great Britain but only four million inpopulation, where many are members of hill tribes ensconced in the virtually inaccessible mountain valleys of the north.

(A) about the same as Great Britain but only fourmillion in population, where many
(B) of about the same size as Great Britain is, butin Laos there is a population of only four million , and many
(C) that is about the same size as Great Britain’sland area, but in Laos with a population of only four million people, many of them
(D) comparable to the size of Great Britain, butonly four million in population, and many
(E) comparable to that of Great Britainbut a population of only four million people, many of whom

人间烟火Sue

Ensconce vt.安置

思路：.考点在比较结构之中 the same as本身没有问题，但是比较对象要对等的原则一定要遵守

A:比较对象错误a landarea和GreatBritain ；where不能修饰population; many无指代

B:  a land area和GreatBritain比较对象不平行；there be +抽象名词错；and many的使用使句子结构改变， OG的意思是，and过分强调了，本来属于从属地位的一下子变成和主句并列。出现people和population的时候，代词最好指代people，而非抽象population

C：them 指代不明确，因为他不能很清晰的指代介宾短语中的宾语成分people，因为此处的核心词是population; that is about …定语从句啰嗦，直接用形容词短语comparable to比较简洁; landarea的重复使用也累赘；population为抽象名词; 本身的修饰语变成了句子的主干，中心意思发生了变化。

D  and many的使用使句子结构改变，本来这一句是修饰成分，现在却成了并列的主干。。Comparableto the size of Great Britain没有问题；only4 million in population表达不地道；many无所指；在正式语体里面不应该用andmany，而应该用“, many of whom”，否则割裂了many与前句的关系。出现people和population的时候，代词最好指代people，而非抽象population

E: bingo ; WHOM 很好的修饰了people； that 指代了a land area

总结：

1.出现people和population的时候，代词最好指代people，而非抽象population

2.不要随意把从句改为平起平坐的主句，反之亦然。要看作者在两个句子中，暗含到底是什么逻辑关系，如果A项符合逻辑，则不能改动==>E.g 如果是对比，当然是but连接两个句子。如果是限定修饰当然是从句。

3多个代词多个鬼，尤其是在无语义贡献的时候。在连接两个句子层次的时候，从句来的要比代词更有效。

44. The plot ofThe Bostonians centers on the rivalry between Olive Chancellor, an activefeminist, with her charming and cynical cousin, Basil Ransom, when theyfind themselves drawn to the same radiant young woman whose talent for publicspeaking has won her an ardent following.
(A) rivalry between Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, with her charming andcynical cousin, Basil Ransom
(B) rivals Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, against her charming andcynical cousin, Basil Ransom
(C) rivalry that develops between Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, andBasil Ransom, her charming and cynical cousin
(D) developing rivalry between Olive Chancellor, an active feminist, with BasilRansom, her charming and cynical cousin
(E) active feminist, Olive Chancellor, and the rivalry withher charming and cynical cousin Basil Ransom

人间烟火Sue

思路：特殊结构the rivalry between x and yor the construction  the rivalsx and y. 都是正确的

Bostonians 的故事 集中在这样一种敌对关系， 在一个积极的男女平等主义者OliveChancellor 和它的迷人的 愤世嫉俗的堂兄弟之中，当他们发现自己都深深的 被同一个光芒四射的女性所吸引的时候，（ 此女的公共演讲能力为她赢得了 热情的追随者）

A: rivalry   between …with…错误，改成and ;

B: rivals A and B ;  against 改成and

C : BINGO:

D：rivalry   between …with…错误，改成and ;

E：active feminist 和therivalry并列，不对等，不能平行；句子的意思不明确，Olive有没有参与到竞争之中，不明确

Cynical 愤世嫉俗的

center on详细»集中在…；以…为中心

rivalry ['raivəlri] n. 竞争；竞赛；对抗

Feminist n. 男女平等主义者

45.Quasars, at billions of light-years from Earth the most distantobservable objects in the universe, believed to be the cores of galaxiesin an early stage of development.
(A) believed to be
(B) are believed to be
(C) some believe them to be
(D) some believe they are
(E) it is believed that they are

人间烟火Sue

思路：at billions of light-years from Earth 在离地球数十亿光年

A选项，成分残缺，是被相信，如果省略谓语动词会被认为是ed分词作定语

B:bingo,被动语态， Q被相信是宇宙的核心

C； some 将believe当谓语了，使得quasars 没谓语； some无指代，应该指代科学家

D :some 将believe当谓语了，使得quasars 没谓语；some无指代，应该指代科学家

believe后宾语从that不能省略

E： 谓语缺失，it不能指代Quasars，并且跟they不一致

46. In ancient Thailand，much ofthe local artisans' creative energy was expended for the creation of Buddhaimages and when they constructed and decorated the temples that enshrined them.
(A)much of the local artisans' creative energy was expended for the creation ofBuddha images and when they constructed and decorated the temples thatenshrined them
(B)much of the local artisans' creative energy was expended on the creation of Buddhaimages and on construction and decoration of the temples in which they wereenshrined
(C)much of the local artisans' creative energy was expended on the creation ofBuddha images as well as constructing and decoration of the temples in whichthey were enshrined
(D)creating images of Buddha accounted for much of the local artisans' creativeenergy, and also constructing and decorating the temples enshrining them
(E)the creation of Buddha images accounted for much of the local artisans'creative energy as well as construction and decoration of the temples thatenshrined them

animo666

感谢分享！               

人间烟火Sue

animo666 发表于 2017-2-16 08:22
感谢分享！

可以我每次发过了之后，将答案留在后面呀，第二天看看自己做得对不对。。

人间烟火Sue

思路：

A: expendedon 习语；第一个they逻辑上指代artisans, 但是不能清晰的指代所有格的artisan’s ,但后面的them应该指代images, 所以有歧义 ；and连接一个句子和一个when 状从，不平行；enshrine通常用被动语态

B: bingo 漂亮的平行结构 on creation….and on construction and decoration ……介词短语平行 补出介词

C ；constructing 改为construction, 有名词形式的时候 不用ing.而且要平行也要在前面加个on。; A as well as B有主次顺序，A是主要的，B是次要的，改变句意；

D:这个”and also”割裂了原来的意思。原义：工匠们的much energy是expended on 2样事情，用了and就割裂了后两项，使得constructing and decorating the temples enshrining them很多余，因为他不是个完整的句子。

E:曲解了原意 错误的将energy和construction and decoration 并列；enshrine习惯用法：enshrinein或be enshrined in (enshrine通常用被动语态)

总结：expend固定搭配：expendsth. in/on (doing) sth.

1.enshrine习惯用法：enshrine in或be enshrined in (enshrine通常用被动语态)

2.有时候被动语态是可以接受的==>为了保证平行；为了保证冒号的正确运用，所以不要看见被动就pass。

3. 识别平行，A,B and C等类似结构。平行对象可能是多种形式：谓宾，介宾，that从句，to do等，但只需保证，所有平行项都是一种形式即可。  （that从句补出that，介宾平行补出介词）。

47. In 1713, Alexander Pope began histranslation of the Iliad, a work that, taking him seven years until completion,and that literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope's contemporary, pronouncedthe greatest translation in any language.

A. his translation of the Iliad, a work that,taking him seven years until completion, and that literary critic SamuelJohnson, Pope's contemporary, pronounced

B. his translation of the Iliad, a work thattook him seven years to complete and that literary critic Samuel Johnson,Pope's contemporary, pronounced

C. his translation of the Iliad, a work thathad taken seven years to complete and that literary critic Samuel Johnson,Pope's contemporary, pronounced it as

D. translating the Iliad, a work that tookseven years until completion and that literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope'scontemporary, pronounced it as

E. translating the Iliad, a work that hadtaken seven years to complete and literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope'scontemporary, pronounced it

Mr.Long

人间烟火Sue 发表于 2017-2-20 17:01
思路：
A: expendedon 习语；第一个they逻辑上指代artisans, 但是不能清晰的指代所有格的artisan’s ,但后 ...

楼主太厉害了，能坚持这么长时间更新。
这题选B, his translation对应a work,排除DE;A 第一个that后面啥也么有；C that是指代a work，应该作为pronounced的宾语，第二个that里面it跟它作用重复了。