【语法知识点练习】语法干货总结练习，天天练，天天学，天天进步

人间烟火Sue

备考GMAT期间，收集和整理了一些语法的题目还配合知识点详解。我每天都会发一道语法小题在这里。答案在第二天发新题目时会公布的，大家可以把答案留言在后面，多多做练习嘛。

OG SC  summary

【敲黑板】红色部分是最重要的，必须掌握的

    咖啡色和黑色是OG的普通知识点！OG的基本！！！

1. In a review of2,000 studies of human behavior that date back to the 1940s, two Swiss psychologists,declaring that since most of the studies had failed to control for suchvariables as social class and family size, none could be taken seriously.

(A) psychologists,declaring that since most of the studies had failed to control for suchvariables as social class and family size,

(B) psychologists,declaring that most of the studies failed in not controlling for such variableslike social class and family size, and

(C) psychologistsdeclared that since most of the studies, having failed to control for suchvariables as social class and family size,

(D) psychologistsdeclared that since most of the studies fail in controlling for such variableslike social class and family size,

(E) In a review of2,000 studies of human behavior that date back to the 1940s, two Swisspsychologists declared that since most of the studies had failed to control forvariables such as social class and family size, none could be taken seriously.

思路：理解句子意思

人间烟火Sue

Adeclaring分句去掉以后句子没有主句

B 同A

C 去掉having分句，that后since从句缺谓语

Dfail 一般现在时和declared时态不一致

E 正确

之前的题目大家有没有做对呢？新的题目又来啦！！！可以来练习了。

2. Manufacturers rate batteries in watt-hours; if theyrate the watt-hour higher, the longer the battery can be expected to last.

(A) if they rate thewatt-hour higher, the longer

(B) rating thewatt-hour higher, it is that much longer

(C) the higher thewatt-hour rating, the longer

(D) the higher thewatt-hour rating, it is that much longer that

(E) when the watt-hourrating is higher, the longer it is

思路：idiom，the more， the more

人间烟火Sue

今天的解析我也是写的很详细，很心累。看在外面阳光明媚，风景大好的份上，心情都飞扬起来了，一不小心解析就写了这么多，希望对大家有帮助吧！

A 不符合the more，the more 搭配，the longer。。。就显得很奇怪

B 同A，很奇怪

C 正确the more X, the more Y.

D 同A

E 同A

总结：“the+比较级，the+比较级”意为“越……越……”，本题这里为省略，具体看下面解释：

表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化，其中的两个the都是副词，而不是冠词。本文拟从以下几个方面对此句式作一浅析，希望能帮助同学们加深理解。

　　

　　一、对主、从句的理解

　　

　　1.在通常情况下，前一个“the +比较级”相当于比较状语从句，后一个“the + 比较级”为主句。例如：

　　The more I read the book，the more I liked it．

　　这本书我越看越喜欢。

　　The more difficult the questions are, the less likely he is able toanswer them.

　　问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。

　　2.有时前一个“the +比较级”相当于条件状语从句，后一个“the + 比较级”为主句，从句不可用将来时。例如：

　　The earlier you start,the sooner you’ll be back.

　　你出发得越早,回来得就越早。

　　The more you practise, the better you can understand.

　　你练习得越多，理解得就越透。

　　3.除上述情况外，还存在着主句在前，从句在后的特殊情况。此时，主句中的“the+比较级”多放在主句之末。此时，要按汉语习惯先译从句，再译主句。例如：

　　He is the busier, the happier he feels.

　　他越忙越高兴。

　　You climb the higher, the farther you will see.

　　你爬得越高,就看得越远。

　　

　　二、语序

　　

　　一般说来，从句中的主语与谓语必须是正常语序，不能是倒装语序。主句可根据需要调整，既可采用正常语序，也可采用倒装语序。例如：

　　The noisier they were, the happier was their mother.

　　孩子越吵闹，他们的母亲就越高兴。

　　The harder you work, the more progress you will get.

　　你越努力，进步就越快。

　　

　　三、省略

　　

　　1.在通常情况下，如果主、从句中的谓语动词是联系动词be，而且主语非代词时，此时be常常省略。例如：

　　The better the food (is), the more popular a restaurant gets.

　　食物越可口，饭店的生意就越红火。

　　The higher the tree (is), the stronger the wind (is).

　　树大招风。

　　The more exercise you take, the stronger you are.

　　锻炼得越多，身体越强壮。(注意：此句中的联系动词are不能省略。)

　　2.对于主句在前，从句在后的特殊情况，主句中形容词或副词前的the常常省略。例如：

　　You practise (the) more, the better you can understand.

　　你练习得越多，你理解得就越透。

　　I knew him (the) more, the more I liked him.

　　我越了解他就越喜欢他。

　　3.主、从句的主语和谓语动词在叙述的场合有默契，可酌情省略。例如：

　　The sooner (you finish it), the better (it will be).

　　你完成得越快越好。

　　The more (you know), the more dangerous (it will be).

　　你知道得越多，处境就越危险。

3.   Although a surge in retail sales have raised hopes thatthere is a recovery finally under way, many economists say that without alarge amount of spending the recovery might not last.

(A) have raised hopesthat there is a recovery finally

(B) raised hopes forthere being a recovery finally

(C) had raised hopesfor a recovery finally being

(D) has raised hopesthat a recovery is finally

(E) raised hopes for arecovery finally

思路：under way  正在进行中

人间烟火Sue

不知道大家有没有做这些题呀，哎，算了没人理我也要坚持不懈的发下去。

A 主语a surge谓语用单数has；主系表结构本身可以表示状态，不需要改成there be ；而且there be+抽象名词错误；表示状态的形容词，一般以主系表形式表现出来，表达状态。此时，不再需要there be结构强调这种状态

B raised 时态不准确，现在完成时比一般过去时能更好的 跟一般现在时结合，这里表示has raised 对后面economistssay 有影响； there being 永远错； finally应该修饰一个动词，不能作形容词修饰 recovery ；hopes后一般加that 强调整体

C hadraised 错误，没用过去时与之对应；being多余；finally应该修饰一个动词，不能作形容词修饰 recovery

D: bingo , that 是hopes的同位语，a recovery is finally 非常简洁

E hopes后一般加that 强调整体，这里是同位语; finally应该修饰动词；raised 时态不准确，现在完成时比一般过去时能更好的 跟一般现在时结合

总结：

1.现在完成时比一般过去时能更好的 跟一般现在时结合；

2.偏向于用that从句，而不是跟介词短语 : hypothesis, idea, hope, expectation, suggestion, belief, discovery,evidence, indication, and report ==> that是同位语！

3. 主系表结构，也可以用来表示，A处于一种什么状态。此时，不再需要there be来强调这个状态。

4. At the end of the 1930s,Duke Ellington was looking for a composer to assist him—someone not only whocould arrange music for his successful big band, But mirroring his eccentricwriting style as well in order to finish the many pieces he had started butnever completed.

(A) someone not only who could arrangemusic for his successful big band, but mirroring his eccentric writing style aswell in order to finish

(B) someone who could not only arrangemusic for his successful big band, but also mirror his eccentric writing stylein order to finish

(C) someone who not only could arrangemusic for his successful big band, but also to mirror his eccentric writingstyle in finishing

(D) that being someone who could not onlyarrange music for his successful big band, but mirroring his eccentric writingstyle for finishing

(E) being someone not only who couldarrange music for his successful big band, but mirror his eccentric writingstyle as well, finishing

思路：除B以外，都是not only…but also 搭配不对称，简单题

人间烟火Sue

第四题很简单吧，我就不做什么解析啦，接下来的题直接来了。

A

B 正确

C

D

E

5. Of all the vast tides of migration that have swept through history, maybe noneis more concentrated as the wave that brought12 million immigrants onto American shores in little more than three decades.

(A) maybe none is moreconcentrated as

(B) it may be thatnone is moreconcentrated as

(C) perhaps it is none that is more concentrated than

(D) maybe it is none that was more concentrated than

(E) perhaps none wasmore concentrated than

思路：

OG原话：perhaps和maybe是可以互换的，但是perhaps更加正式一点，；

人间烟火Sue

（为了表明重点的层次，这个颜色调的我真是real心累）

思路：

OG原话：perhaps和maybe是可以互换的，但是perhaps更加正式一点，；

A  ： 在比较结构中时态发生变化be动词不能省略，反向考点：如果省略了be动词，那证明比较对象时态一致。wave后省略了 was 因为从句中是brought, 所以这里应该用一般过去was ; more as ……错误，改成more than  

      

B选项，看见more应该是想到和than搭配，而不是as；wave后省略了 was 因为从句中是brought, 所以这里应该用一般过去was ;  it may be that 啰嗦

      

C选项，more…than…结构表示一种比较，后面用了“brought“过去式意为着wave后面省略的是was,所以than前面对应的应该是过去时was ;  。长句子中，消除不必要的be, 消除强调句成分

D：长句子中，消除不必要的be, 消除强调句成分； it应该指代某些东西，但是这里没有，所以强调句

E  ：结构清晰；more …than 搭配正确

总结：

1. 形式主/宾语it: 无名词指代对象，用于指代to do结构或that从句 ===>只能用于指代这两种结构，什么being…,for doing…都不能被it指代！

形式宾语make/feel/believe/find  it  +adj +to do/ that从句

It用于指代to do结构或that从句

EG： it is clear that ……   it is essential to do….

2.     但是 it 后面加名词 it只能指代to do ,不能是that 从句

Onaccount of a law passed in 1933, making it a crime punishable by imprisonmentthat a United States citizen hold gold in the form of bullion orcoins, immigrants found that on arrival in the United States they had tosurrender all of the gold they had brought with them.

这个句子是错误的， it 不能指代that后面一整句。

6. Diabetes, together with its serious complications, ranks as the nation’sthird leading cause of death, surpassed only by heart disease and cancer.

(A) ranks as thenation’s third leading cause of death, surpassed only

(B) rank as thenation’s third leading cause of death, only surpassed

(C) has the rank ofthe nation’s third leading cause of death, only surpassed

(D) are the nation’sthird leading causes of death, surpassed only

(E) have been rankedas the nation’s third leading causes of death, only surpassed

人间烟火Sue

这个格式，我真的尽力了，谁来救救我，为什么改好了一保存，就又傻逼了
！！！

人间烟火Sue

感觉自己挖的坑，自己得认。每次为了调格式，我都十分的心累。

思路：

A:看到Diabetes，虽然是s结尾，但不一定是复数词，从后边的its我们知道，他是一个单数次，意为糖尿病（出现判断不出单复数的时候两种情况：1找未划线部分是否有代词提示2 看是否有冠词，猜：一般有冠词的是单数，无关词的猜复数，但是各种病的名词除外），

B: rank 不能修饰单数主语Diabetes; only错误地修饰surpassed，而没有修饰by heart disease，错

C: ranks 可以用动词表达，就别用名词形式has the rank  ;  only错误地修饰surpassed，而没有修饰byheart disease，错

D: are 不能修饰单数主语Diabetes ;

E: have不能修饰单数主语Diabetes ; only错误地修饰surpassed，而没有修饰by heart disease

Rank as 被看做

complication[,kɔmpli'keiʃən] n. 混乱；复杂；复杂化；[医]并发症

总结:

1. 未划线部分给出指代词单复数，提供做题信息，作为优先考虑点！！！===>回想：parallelism未划线部分给出的平行信息也要作为优先考虑点！！

副词要紧邻其修饰的对象，两种情况：                                                

A) 不要把副词放在动词或其他成分前，而是要放在副词想限定修饰的成分前           

B) 不要把副词与名词放在一起，而远离了其修饰的形容词等

2. Prefer a verb.   VAN===> Verb > Adjective(adverb)>Noun 简洁

3. 副词的修饰位置：even修饰比较级时，放在比较级之前。ever放在助动词之后。only、first放在被强调的成分之前，alone放在被强调的成分之后。

7. The intricate structure of the compound insect eye, havinghundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, help explain why scientists haveassumed that it evolved independently of the vertebrate eye.

(A) having hundreds ofminiature eyes called ommatidia, help explain why scientists have assumed thatit

(B) having hundreds ofminiature eyes that are called ommatidia, helps explain why scientists haveassumed that they

(C) with its hundredsof miniature eyes that are called ommatidia, helps explain scientists' assumingthat they

(D) with its hundredsof miniature eyes called ommatidia, help explain scientists' assuming that it

(E) called ommatidia,helps explain why scientists have assumed that it

思路：主谓一致，独立主格

人间烟火Sue

加油吧，骚年们，语法赶快练起来。

人间烟火Sue

A  having 的动作发出者为structure，help应为单数

B  having 的动作发出者为structure，

C  that are called 应省略为called，one’s doing 不佳，they为it

D  help为单数

E  正确

8.  In late 1997, thechambers inside the pyramid of the Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza were closed tovisitors for cleaning and repair due to moisture exhaled by tourists, whichraised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing and fungus was growing onthe walls.

(A) due to moistureexhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt fromthe stone was crystallizing

(B) due to moisturethat tourists had exhaled, thereby raising its humidity to such levels that

salt from the stone would crystallize

(C) because touristswere exhaling moisture, which had raised the humidity within them to levels

such that saltfrom the stone would crystallize

(D) because ofmoisture that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from thestone crystallize

(E) because moistureexhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that saltfrom the stone was crystallizing