Carotenoids, a family of natural pigments, form an important art of the colorful signals used by many animals.
自然色素为许多动物所用。 Animals acquire carotenoids either directly (from the plants and algae that produce them) or indirectly (by eating insects) and store them in a variety of tissues.
直接从植物摄取或间接从昆虫取得。 Studies of several animal species have shown that when choosing mates, females prefer males with brighter carotenoid-based coloration.
雌性喜欢鲜艳颜色的雄性。 Owens and Olson hypothesize that the presence of carotenoids, as signaled by coloration, would be meaningful in the context of mate selection if carotenoids were either rare or required for health.
假设这些色素可能稀有或有益健康。 The conventional (Line 15) view is that carotenoids are meaningful because they are rare: healthier males can forage for more of the pigments than can their inferior counterparts.
传统认为色素因稀有而有意义：健康的雄性可以获得更多的色素。 Although this may be true, there is growing evidence that carotenoids are meaningful also because they are required: they are used by the immune system and for detoxification processes that are important for maintaining health.
但有证据表明，色素也有利于健康。 It may be that males can use scarce carotenoids either for immune defense and detoxification or for attracting females.
雄性可能将色素用以健康和吸引雌性两个方面。 Males that are more susceptible to disease and parasites will have to use their carotenoids to boost their immune systems, whereas males that are genetically resistant will use fewer carotenoids for fighting disease and will advertise this by using the pigments for flashy display instead.
容易生病的雄性浪费色素，有抵抗力的雄性节省色素并展现出来。
28-13: Information in the passage suggests that which of the following is true of carotenoids that a male animal uses for detoxification processes?
A: They were not acquired directly from plants and algae 反
B: They cannot be replenished through foraging. 反
C: They cannot be used simultaneously to brighten coloration. 反
D: They do not affect the animal’s susceptibility to parasites. （E） 无准确论述
E: They increase the chances that the animal will be selected as a mate. 符合中心内容
28-14: The passage suggests that relatively bright carotenoid-based coloration is a signal of which of the following characteristics in males of certain animal species?
A: Readiness for mating behavior 无
B: Ability to fight 无
C: Particular feeding preferences 无
D: Recovery from parasite infestation 不符合题目所问。
E: Fitness as a mate （E） 对。
28-15: According to the “conventional view” referred to in lines 14-15 of the passage, brighter carotenoid-based coloration in certain species suggests that an individual
A: lives in a habitat rich in carotenoid-bearing plants and insects 不一定。
B: has efficient detoxification processes 无
C: has a superior immune system 无
D: possesses superior foraging capacity 是文中意思。
E: is currently capable of reproducing 无 （D）
建议同意推荐的答案：EED | 
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发表于 2005-7-13 16:12:00
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