2009年6月梦之队 追梦者的备考过程全记录-每日更新

WesternCder

考试时间：6月16日 13:30

今天开帖，在职复习GMAT，真实再现每一天的复习足迹。大家互相鼓励，共同努力，坚持就是胜利。

乐观积极充实的过好每一天！

倒计时59天

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-4-19 21:35:38编辑过]

tristayu

做个沙发，25号的。

WesternCder

倒计时58天

年轻的我不知道天高地厚、执着、无所畏惧、我行我素，觉得自己可以取得一些成绩，可是时间一年一年的过去了，现在的我依然一事无成。回想自己过去的历史，平平淡淡，没有成就，也没有闪光的历史？每次我都说要努力，给自己定很高的目标，然而，发生的是一次次放弃，对自己的信心也一点点被磨灭了，而尊严，荣誉，总是离我哪么遥远。现在也是的，当初定下的GMAT 760+的目标已经没有勇气再说出口了。我太稚嫩了，只有一对幼小的翅膀，却想飞的很高。很多事情都需要我去思考，形成我自己的想法，而不是简单的听别人的，要有自己的主见。

每个人的经历不一样，没个人的心理成熟程度也不一样，现在能做的是把以后不要再犯同样的错误了。现到如今也只能用这句话来安慰下自己残缺不全的心灵。

以我现在的学识，经历、性格和能力要充分利用MBA的资源形成自己的优势，还不大可能，应为我还有很多不成熟和不理智的地方，有待改进。

现在考GMAT的原因：

1.拿个高分证明下自己的能力，同时打发下平时无聊的时间，也算做点有意义的事情

2.周围的朋友的学历都很高，如果我要不做出点成绩的话，恐怕是有点站不直腰。虽然学历不代表将来会怎样，但是学历还是有一定的证明作用的。

3.目前工作感觉不是很满意，不管领导说好不好，我反正不满意，尽管目前就业困难，但是做事情是不可能没有风险的，再说安逸、枯燥、骗人的工作与我的性格格格不入。考GMAT的申请读MBA，我把此作为一个转行的跳板，希望自己能在大城市养活自己和老婆。

4.这个世界如果没有背景，又没有钱，就只能靠自己的个人努力去追逐幸福的生活，这其中个人能力是个很重要的部分。有多大能力才能干多大事，赚多少钱。

5.做过一段时间的努力，不想让自己那段时间的努力白费了。为了给自己下决心，我已经去www.mba.com上面报名了，同时也为了不给自己拖延的借口，$250,垄断的后果很严重啊，就算为了这1700多块大洋，我也该好好复习一次，从小到大没有哪个考试能要价这么高的。

6.如果有可能的话，希望将来自己能对社会有所贡献，不奢望能造福一方水土，只要确保自己身边的人能过得开心和幸福就很好了。

昨日之我决定了今日之我，今日之我决定了明日之我。对自己负责。

过去的都已经过去了，已经无法挽回了，我也不想去挽回什么，人各有志，每个人都有权利去追求自己理想的生活，工作方面的事情就顺其自然，朋友也顺其自然吧。跟自己的过去告个别，投入到新的生活中来。

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-4-19 0:18:30编辑过]

WesternCder

倒计时57天  四月第四周（4.19至4.25）

转眼间，又过了一天了。定一下这一周的计划。

1. LSAT逻辑完成test18 section1 ~test21 section1（每日中午，25题/50min）

2.阅读大全GMAT每天2篇并按mumu逻辑简图总结{文章逻辑结构+定位+态度词+常出考点（列举处、举例处、引用处）+生词}+两篇lsat文章（练速度+把我文章结构）

3.语法大全每天25题/30min

4.周六做一套GWD-TN-8,只分析总结错题，语法，总结错题过后，再做一遍，扫盲。周日将做过的错题，看一遍。

说实话，这么多任务要全部完成还蛮有难度的，必要的时候可能要牺牲睡眠了（准备好提神咖啡or西洋参or红牛），但是不要被困难吓倒，再苦再累，也就这剩下的57天了，抗过去了就是胜利。所有任务完成情况都将帖在网上：GMAT的mumu逻辑简图+LSAT错题总结+大全语法错题总结+GWD错题总结。

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-4-19 0:56:40编辑过]

WesternCder

倒计时57天   4.19

任务分解：

1.test 18 section 1

2.GMAT阅读两篇mumu逻辑简图{文章逻辑结构+定位+态度词+常出考点（列举处、举例处、引用处）+生词}+两篇lsat文章（练速度+把我文章结构）

3.大全语法题目25题/30min

WesternCder

Passage 18 (18/63)

Milankovitch proposed in the early twentieth century that the ice ages were caused by variations in the Earth’s orbit around the Sun(M关于冰河世纪的起因的理论)      . For sometime this theory was considered untestable（意味着现在得以承认）, largely because there was no sufficiently precise chronology of the ice ages with which the orbital variations could be matched(从表明的词中间可以体会到作者对M理论支持).

To establish such a chronology it is necessary to determine the relative amounts of land ice that existed at various times in the Earth’s past. A recent discovery makes such a determination possible: relative land-ice volume for a given period can be deduced from the ratio of two oxygen isotopes, 16 and 18, found in ocean sediments（中心句，提出新方法，下文解释新方法的原理，中心句
   易出题）. Almost all the oxygen in water is oxygen 16, but a few molecules out of every thousand incorporate the heavier isotope 18. When an ice age begins, the continental ice sheets grow, steadily reducing the amount of water evaporated from the ocean that will eventually return to it. Because heavier isotopes tend to be left behind when water evaporates from the ocean surfaces, the remaining ocean water becomes progressively enriched in oxygen 18. The degree of enrichment can be determined by analyzing ocean sediments of the period, because these sediments are composed of calcium carbonate (calcium carbonate: n.[化]碳酸钙) shells of marine organisms, shells that were constructed with oxygen atoms drawn from the surrounding ocean. The higher the ratio of oxygen 18 to oxygen 16 in a sedimentary specimen, the more land ice there was when the sediment was laid down（）.

As an indicator of shifts in the Earth’s climate, the isotope record has two advantages（中心句，新方法的优势）. First, it is a global record: there is remarkably little variation in isotope ratios in sedimentary specimens taken from different continental locations. Second, it is a more continuous record than that taken from rocks on land（有第一第二等的列举处易出题）. Because of these advantages, sedimentary evidence can be dated with sufficient accuracy by radiometric methods to establish a precise chronology of the ice ages. The dated isotope record shows that the fluctuations in global ice volume over the past several hundred thousand years have a pattern: an ice age occurs roughly once every 100,000 years（新方法得出的结论）. These data have established a strong connection between variations in the Earth’s orbit and the periodicity of the ice ages（跟原文开头M理论照应）.

However, it is important to note that other factors, such as volcanic particulates or variations in the amount of sunlight received by the Earth, could potentially have affected the climate（警告其他方面如火山和地球吸收的太阳能量都能影响气候）. The advantage of the Milankovitch theory is that it is testable: changes in the Earth’s orbit can be calculated and dated by applying Newton’s laws of gravity to progressively earlier configurations of the bodies in the solar system. Yet the lack of information about other possible factors affecting global climate does not make them
    unimportant（段落的中心意思易出题）.

时间: 12'30"

逻辑简图：

第一段：提出M的理论，利用作者语言表明M理论最终获得证据支持

第二段：作者介绍一种测量氧16和氧18的比例的方法来确立M理论

第三段：作者介绍该方法的优势（1.全球性记录和一致性）得出该方法的几轮，应证第一段

第四段：指出除了地球轨道变化影响的气候外，还有其他因素

6.    According to the passage, which of the following is (are) true of the ice ages?（这种题型OG12取消了）

I.    The last ice age occurred about 25,000 years ago.

II.   Ice ages have lasted about 10,000 years for at least the last several hundred thousand years.

III.  Ice ages have occurred about every 100,000 years for at least the last several hundred thousand years.

(A) I only

(B) II only

(C) III only

(D) I and only（C）

(E) I, II and III

7.    It can be inferred from the passage that calcium carbonate shells

(A) are not as susceptible to deterioration as rocks

(B) are less common in sediments formed during an ice age

(C) are found only in areas that were once covered by land ice

(D) contain radioactive material that can be used to determine a sediment’s isotopic
     composition（E）

(E) reflect the isotopic composition of the water at the time the shells were formed

总结：这道题目迫于时间压力未回原文定位，如果定位正确应该能做出来。

8.    The purpose of the last paragraph of the passage is to

(A) offer a note of caution

(B) introduce new evidence

(C) present two recent discoveries

(D) summarize material in the preceding paragraphs（A）

(E) offer two explanations for a phenomenon

总结：段落中心意思未抓住，阅读时注意回忆没段的中心内容

Passage 19 (19/63)

In contrast to traditional analyses of minority business, the sociological analysis contends that minority business ownership is a group-level phenomenon, in that it is largely dependent upon social-group resources for its development(对比处常出题). Specifically, this analysis indicates that support networks play a critical role in starting and maintaining minority business enterprises by providing owners with a range of assistance, from the informal encouragement of family members and friends to dependable sources of labor and clientele from the owner’s ethnic group (ethnic group: n.同种同文化之民族)（support network的提供的assistance，from…to…并列处易出题）. Such self-help networks, which encourage and support ethnic minority entrepreneurs, consist of “primary” institutions（知名人士，名流）, those closest to the individual in shaping his or her behavior and beliefs（self-help network的组成）. They are characterized by the face-to-face association and cooperation of persons united by ties of mutual concern. They form an intermediate social level between the individual and larger “secondary” institutions based on impersonal（不受个人情感影响的） relationships. Primary institutions comprising the support network include kinship, peer, and neighborhood or community subgroups.

A major function of self-help networks is financial support（中心句：self-help network’s function）. Most scholars agree that minority business owners have depended primarily on family funds and ethnic community resources for investment capital. Personal savings have been accumulated, often through frugal living habits that require sacrifices by the entire family and are thus a product of long-term family financial behavior. Additional loans and gifts from relatives, forthcoming(即将到来的) because of group obligation rather than narrow investment calculation, have supplemented personal savings. Individual entrepreneurs do not necessarily rely on their kin because they cannot obtain financial backing from commercial resources. They may actually avoid banks because they assume that commercial institutions either cannot comprehend the special needs of minority enterprise or charge unreasonably high interest rates（列举self-help network 提供经济支持的方式）.

Within the larger ethnic community, rotating credit associations have been used to raise capital. These associations are informal clubs of friends and other trusted members of the ethnic group who make regular contributions to a fund that is given to each contributor in rotation. One author estimates that 40 percent of New York Chinatown firms established during 1900-1950 utilized such associations as their initial source of capital（引用处常出题）. However, recent immigrants and third or fourth generations of older groups now employ rotating credit associations only occasionally to raise investment funds. Some groups, like Black Americans, found other means of financial support for their entrepreneurial efforts. The first Black-operated banks were created in the late nineteenth century as depositories (depository: n.存放处) for dues (due: n. [复]应付款) collected from fraternal （兄弟，兄弟般的）or lodge groups, which themselves had sprung from Black churches. Black banks made limited investments in other Black enterprises. Irish immigrants in American cities organized many building and loan associations to provide capital for home construction and purchase. They, in turn, provided work for many Irish home-building contractor firms. Other ethnic and minority groups followed similar practices in founding ethnic-directed financial institutions（不同的经济支持方式，并举Chinese，Black和Irish为例）.

逻辑简图：

第一段：in contrast of traditional analyses引出sociological analyses。特别指出一个self-help network并介绍其组成

第二段：主要介绍self-help network 提供的financial support 和方式，并评估了影响

第三段：介绍rotating credit 和black banks 提供经济支持的广泛应用
                    

4.    The passage best supports which of the following statements?（最后一段）

(A) A minority entrepreneur who had no assistance from family members would not be able to start a business.

(B) Self-help networks have been effective in helping entrepreneurs primarily in the last 50
                        years.

(C) Minority groups have developed a range of alternatives to standard financing of business ventures.

(D) The financial institutions founded by various ethnic groups owe their success to their unique formal organization.（C）

(E) Successful minority-owned businesses succeed primarily because of the personal strengths of their founders.

本题考查第三段的主要内容

6.    According to the passage, once a minority-owned business is established, self-help networks contribute which of the following to that business?

(A) Information regarding possible expansion of the business into nearby communities

(B) Encouragement of a business climate that is nearly free of direct competition

(C) Opportunities for the business owner to reinvest profits in other minority-owned businesses

(D) Contact with people who are likely to be customers of the new business（D）

(E) Contact with minority entrepreneurs who are members of other ethnic groups

细节题，定位，列举处常出题，from ...to

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-4-19 21:27:03编辑过]

WesternCder

逻辑部分总结：

TEST18 SECTION 1

24.  Somewhere, somehow, what was once a perfectly good rule by which to live was twisted into the false and sinister idea that “Money is the root of all evil.” To the contrary, the proper use of money provides us with the food, clothes, health care, and shelter that we all need to sustain our lives.

The author’s argument is logically flawed in that it

(A) uses examples that do not refute the generalization that all evil is rooted in money

(B) uses inappropriate examples to demonstrate the proper use of money

(C) ignores some of the evil things that money can buy

(D) fails to acknowledge that food, clothes, health care, and shelter can sometimes lead to evil（A）

(E) fails to recognize that money can be used for a lot of other good things besides sustenance

文章类型：不管在哪，不管怎么样，一个曾经被人信奉的好的原则被扭曲成错误的和险恶的观点，那就是金钱是万恶之源。相反，合理的使用金钱能为我们提供食物，依附，健康医疗和住所，这些事我们维持我们生活的必须品。

Flaw：没有反驳金钱是万恶之源的观点，对应选项A

Questions 21-22

This country does not need any more restrictions on pollution. In fact, we should abolish those that are currently on the books. In spite of various restrictions, pollution levels have actually increased over the past 40 years. Most importantly, dramatic statistics show that, as pollution levels have increased over this period, the general health of the population has improved rather than deteriorated.

文章类型：结论解释型

本国不需要更多的污染物法规。实际上，我们应该取消教科书上的现行的法规。尽管有各种各样的法规，污染物水平实际上在过去40年里上升了。最重要的是，引人瞩目的统计数据表明，当这段时间污染物水平上升时，本国人口的一般健康已经得到改善而不是恶化。

21.  Which one of the following assertions, if true, provides the most effective challenge to the author’s conclusion?

(A) The general health of this country’s population has improved over the past 40 years
            primarily because of new advances in medicine and nutrition, not because of pollution.

(B) There are several countries in the world in which there have been no restrictions on pollution over the past 40 years, and pollution levels have actually increased.

(C) Similar statistics show that, in several countries, the general health of the population has improved over the past 40 years, while pollution levels have actually decreased.

(D) Pollution levels would have increased even more than they have and the general health of
            the population would not have improved as much as it has without the restrictions that
            have been on the books.（D）

(E) In the period prior to the past 40 years, pollution restrictions were nonexistent in this country and the general health of the population improved at a far slower rate than it did during the past 40 years.

文章所说的两个方面来削弱，1.污染物水平；2.人们的健康水平，所以提供了最大的削弱。另外，以后做题，要看完所有的选项，再来确定答案。减少错误几率。

22.  The author concludes that there should be no restrictions on pollution partly because

(A) they are no longer needed to improve the general health of the population

(B) they reduce the positive effect that pollution has on the general health of the population

(C) statistics show that as pollution restrictions have increased so have pollution levels

(D) pollution has not yet reached levels that are detrimental to the health of the general population（E）

(E) they are ineffective in lowering pollution levels

18.  If there is a decrease in the number of homeless families, then either the number of available jobs has increased or else the cost of renting or purchasing housing has decreased. If the cost of renting or purchasing housing has decreased, then the supply of housing must be greater than the demand.

文章类型：前提结论型

如果无家可归的家庭数目减少，哪么要么可获得的工作数目增加，要么租屋或够买房子的成本下降。如果租屋和购买房子的成本下降，哪么房子的供给必须大于需求。

Assume that there is a decrease in the number of homeless families. According to the passage, which one of the following statements CANNOT be true?

(A) The number of jobs has been decreasing.

(B) The cost of renting or purchasing housing has been decreasing, and housing supply exceeds demand.

(C) The number of jobs has been increasing, and the cost of renting or purchasing housing has been stable.

(D) The number of jobs has been decreasing, the cost of renting or purchasing housing has
            been decreasing, and housing demand exceeds supply.（D）

(E) The number of jobs has been increasing, the cost of renting or purchasing housing has been increasing, and housing supply exceeds demand.

这道题目选D而不选E的理由在于，D的前半部分不能让结论成立，而E项前半部分可以让结论成立。这道题有点晕，明显DE两项后面部分不可能成立。如果结论成立，题目是要求下面哪个选项不可能是真的。

16.  Colleges boast about the great sizes of their libraries. They quote figures in the hundreds of thousands of volumes, but how many books can a student read in four years—a thousand? What good, then, are all the rest?

Which one of the following statements most accurately expresses the author’s main point?

(A) College librarians do not have anything about which they can boast.

(B) No student can read more than a thousand books in four years.

(C) It is silly to boast about a library’s size, regardless of whether the library is large or small.

(D) Unused books are a waste of taxpayers’ money.（E）

(E) College libraries are unnecessarily large.

表达强烈的感情倾向经常是错误的标志，silly。

7.    All psychiatrists are doctors. Only psychiatrists were invited to the conference. All who were invited to the conference stayed at the Hefford Hotel. Therefore, only psychiatrists stayed at the Hefford Hotel.

Which one of the following statements, if added as a premise to the argument, would make the conclusion valid?

(A) Only those who were invited to the conference stayed at the Hefford Hotel.

(B) All who were invited to the conference were psychiatrists.

(C) All psychiatrists were invited to the conference.

(D) No one who was invited to the conference failed to stay at the Hefford Hotel.（A）

(E) Only doctors stayed at the Hefford Hotel.

所有的精神病专家都是医生。只有精神病专家被邀请参加该会议。所有被邀请参加改会议的都住在H饭店中。所以只有精神病专家住在H饭店。

错误思路：如果邀请的只有精神病专家的话（这个前提文章已经提到了的），哪么就只有精神并专家住在H饭店。

正确思路：只有那些被邀请参加会议的主在H饭店。

Questions 8-9

A thing is “nauseous” if it makes one sick to the stomach; the unfortunate victim of this malaise is “nauseated.” The common misuse of “nauseous” can be illustrated with the following sentence: “When he sits too long, turns his head too abruptly, or walks any distance, he gets dizzy, loses balance, and becomes nauseous.” He doesn’t become nauseous unless he turns other people’s stomachs; he becomes nauseated. A person who is nauseated is no more nauseous than a person who has been poisoned is poisonous.

8.    Based on the passage above, which phrase does NOT provide a logical completion to the following sentence?

A person who is nauseated is no more nauseous than a person who has been______

(A) murdered is murderous

(B) corrupted is corruptible

(C) awed is awesome

(D) irritated is irritating（B）

(E) scared is scary

题干没看懂不知道是什么意思。

5.    All 250 of the city’s Democratic ward leaders were polled about the number of registered Republicans who became registered Democrats during the year. From the reports of the 20 leaders who replied to the questionnaire, we know that altogether they received a total of 500 former Republicans into the Democratic party within the year. Projecting from this sample, we conclude that at least 6,000 Republicans became Democrats during the year.

Which one of the following statements, if true, most clearly undermines the conclusion?

(A) Several years ago, 5,000 members of the Republican party registered as Democrats.

(B) The more than 90 percent of ward leaders not replying had no former Republicans
            registering as Democrats.

(C) Because they were too busy, more than 90 percent of the ward leaders did not reply.

(D) A number of the newly registered Democrats returned to the Republican party at a later
            date.（B）

(E) Similar figures can be produced from past years for registration changes from the Democratic party to the Republican party.

原文涉及到数字，那么可能跟数学有关，且看那一年共有6000共和党的人转向民主党是如何得出来的。250/20*500=6250

WesternCder

总逻辑做题的方法：

1.逻辑题的所有选项都要仔细看，平时训练要把所有选项排除一遍。

2.涉及到数字的题目，一般牵涉到数字运算。

3.表达感情色彩的用词，常错如这次练习中的silly。另外含有some most的部分可能错

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-4-19 16:19:36编辑过]

WesternCder

LSAT阅读两篇做完，一篇错一个，另一篇错两个，但都没有限时，这个没有参考意义，因为不限时，所以课文反复读了几遍。

做LSAT阅读的主要目的：

1.锻炼顺时记忆能力，看完一段回忆该段的主要内容，刚开始看完一遍回忆起来可能有困难，所以多看几遍在回忆应该是正常的，我相信这是可以慢慢提高的。

2.练速度。lsat阅读，读文章的时间大概只有四分钟，做题目要30s一道，中间不能有任何停顿和思想走样。9min/篇

3.锻炼把握文章整体结构的能力。看完回忆整篇文章的结构。

WesternCder

倒计时 56天 4.20

单位临时搬家,浪费一天.

网线还没拉上....暂时不更新.

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-4-21 17:44:41编辑过]