求問pp3_100

redhat158 · 发表于 2010-1-8 15:17:31

答案是B我選D

Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium transmitted to humans by deer ticks. Generally, deer ticks pick up the bacterium while in the larval stage by feeding on infected white-footed mice. However, certain other species on which the larvae feed do not harbor the bacterium. If the population of these other species were increased, more of the larvae would be feeding on uninfected hosts, so the number of ticks acquiring the bacterium would likely decline.

Which of the following would it be most important to ascertain in evaluating the argument?

A. Whether populations of the other species on which deer tick larvae feed are found only in areas also inhabited by white-footed mice

B. Whether the size of the deer tick population is currently limited by the availability of animals for the tick's larval stage to feed on

C. Whether the infected deer tick population could be controlled by increasing the number of animals that prey on white-footed mice

D. Whether deer ticks that were not infected as larvae can become infected as adults by feeding on deer on which infected deer ticks have fed

E. Whether the other species on which deer tick larvae feed harbor any other bacteria that ticks transmit to humans

prayer · 发表于 2010-1-8 17:36:34

我觉得答案B是正确的。

虱子可以寄生在白蹄老鼠和其他种类老鼠上，白蹄老鼠带细菌，其他种类不带，得出结论，增加其他种类老鼠，这样虱子寄生在其他老鼠上，就会相对减少带细菌的可能性。

如果其他老鼠增加了，虱子也相对的多了，那么还是会寄生到白蹄子老鼠上。所以需要评价一下现在的虱子数量是不是太多，就是像B说的那样

prayer · 发表于 2010-1-8 17:38:49

还有另一个版本的题目：

Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium transmitted to humans by deer ticks. Generally deer ticks pick up the bacterium while in the larval stage from feeding on infected whitefooted mice. However, certain other species on which the larvae feed do not harbor the bacterium. Therefore, if the population of these other species were increased, the number
of ticks acquiring the bacterium? and hence the number of people contracting Lyme disease-would likely decline.
Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?
A. Ticks do not suffer any adverse consequences from carrying the bacterium that causes Lyme disease in humans.
B. There are no known cases of a human's contracting Lyme disease through contact with white-footed mice.
C. A deer tick feeds only once while in the larval stage.
D. A single host animal can be the source of bacteria for many tick larvae.
E. None of the other species on which deer tick larvae feed harbor other bacteria that ticks transmit to humans.

OA is C

gracezz · 发表于 2010-5-8 14:30:24

这个新版本的为啥选C啊？

guyuan0126 · 发表于 2010-5-17 10:58:13

prayer解释的很清楚，谢谢！

bonnie0715 · 发表于 2010-5-31 17:31:20

这个新版本的为啥选C啊？

-- by 会员 gracezz (2010/5/8 14:30:24)

因为只喂了一次的话，增大没有感染的就能有效的减少被感染的概率。

jaze · 发表于 2011-5-30 21:07:56

答案是B我選D

Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium transmitted to humans by deer ticks. Generally, deer ticks pick up the bacterium while in the larval stage by feeding on infected white-footed mice. However, certain other species on which the larvae feed do not harbor the bacterium. If the population of these other species were increased, more of the larvae would be feeding on uninfected hosts, so the number of ticks acquiring the bacterium would likely decline.

Which of the following would it be most important to ascertain in evaluating the argument?

A. Whether populations of the other species on which deer tick larvae feed are found only in areas also inhabited by white-footed mice

B. Whether the size of the deer tick population is currently limited by the availability of animals for the tick's larval stage to feed on

C. Whether the infected deer tick population could be controlled by increasing the number of animals that prey on white-footed mice

D. Whether deer ticks that were not infected as larvae can become infected as adults by feeding on deer on which infected deer ticks have fed

E. Whether the other species on which deer tick larvae feed harbor any other bacteria that ticks transmit to humans

-- by 会员 redhat158 (2010/1/8 15:17:31)

D 无关， out

hustwebweb · 发表于 2012-7-17 10:55:56

楼上兄台解释的很好！
D选项说deer ticks feed on dear!!!这个概念在文中从来就没提过，无关项
我倒是在E选项上踌躇了很久，后来想明白了
即使E的事情发生了，但是这些bacteria是否会导致infection，也是不确定的，所以E也无关了

醒醒Shine · 发表于 2014-3-31 18:37:35

jaze 发表于 2011-5-30 21:07
答案是B我選D Lyme  disease is caused by a bacterium transmitted to humans by deer ticks. &nb ...

这个解释终于明白了！谢谢

x-tester · 发表于 2014-10-3 00:50:52

jaze 发表于 2011-5-30 21:07
答案是B我選D Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium transmitted to humans by deer ticks. &nb ...

朋友，虽然否决D的解释的确是irrelevant，但是你高亮错地方了，如果真理解题意的话就能发现这种解释其实有点断章取义……

我觉得正确的解释是这样的：

首先必须注意这题是evaluate，判断命题结论是否正确，所以一切都要围绕着结论的思路逻辑去想。

先来看看D是什么意思：幼虫期未被感染的鹿虱是否会在成年期通过寄生在有染病鹿虱寄生的鹿身上而受到感染。

简单来说，就是鹿虱在成年后是否能被感染。

再来看看原文的conclusion（If...so...）：如果其他物种的数量增加，那么感染细菌的鹿虱的数量会减少。你高亮的那部分只是一个中间结论，在攻击中并不重要；重要的是去攻击其他物种的数量和感染细菌的鹿虱数量的关系。

D明显是和其他物种的数量无关；它的错误之处是认为「任何能提高染病鹿虱数量的因素（在这里是提高成年鹿虱的数目）」都和题目命题相关，但是题目命题明显只关心「增加其他幼虫鹿虱宿主导致鹿虱数量增加」，超出这个范围的都是irrelevant，所以D才错误啊。

通过这样解释，B的答案也出来了。

求問pp3_100

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