请教大全-4-18,大全-4-19

joywzy · 发表于 2003-4-15 16:11:00

18. The average age of chief executive officers (CEO’s) in a large sample of companies is 57. The average age of CEO’s in those same companies 20 years ago was approximately eight years younger. On the basis of those data, it can be concluded that CEO’s in general tend to be older now.
Which of the following casts the most doubt on the conclusion drawn above?
(A) The dates when the CEO’s assumed their current positions have not been specified.
(B) No information is given concerning the average number of years that CEO’s remain in office.
(C) The information is based only on companies that have been operating for at least 20 years.
(D) Only approximate information is given concerning the average age of the CEO’s 20 years ago.
(E) Information concerning the exact number of companies in the sample has not been given.

答案:C,我不明白C为什么说明了absurity?

Surveys show that every year only 10 percent of cigarette smokers switch brands. Yet the manufacturers have been spending an amount equal to 10 percent of their gross receipts on cigarette promotion in magazines. It follows from these figures that inducing cigarette smokers to switch brands did not pay, and that cigarette companies would have been no worse off economically if they had dropped their advertising.

19. Of the following, the best criticism of the conclusion that inducing cigarette smokers to switch brands did not pay is that the conclusion is based on

(A) computing advertising costs as a percentage of gross receipts, not of overall costs
(B) past patterns of smoking and may not carry over to the future
(C) the assumption that each smoker is loyal to a single brand of cigarettes at any one time
(D) the assumption that each manufacturer produces only one brand of cigarettes
(E) figures for the cigarette industry as a whole and may not hold for a particular company

答案:E,我选了C,为什么错呢?不明白.谢谢.

nobody · 发表于 2003-4-16 00:25:00

1.49+20>57, 20年前49,20年后69.
2.10 percent of cigarette smokers 对一个行业不算多,但对一家公司就很可观,所以公司的做法是对的.

joywzy · 发表于 2003-4-16 17:19:00

以下是引用nobody在2003-4-16 0:25:00的发言：
1.49+20>57, 20年前49,20年后69.
2.10 percent of cigarette smokers 对一个行业不算多,但对一家公司就很可观,所以公司的做法是对的.

1,能否用文字说明一下?我没明白.

2,the best criticism of the conclusion that inducing cigarette smokers to switch brands did not pay is that the conclusion is based on

题目是什么意思?
题目问的是削弱吗?如果是,那答案就是E.

谢谢.

困难是弹簧 · 发表于 2003-4-16 19:27:00

2、问的是削弱
1、C表明了样本不具有代表性。

joywzy · 发表于 2003-4-16 20:38:00

nobody,弹簧兄，为什么你们总是这么言简意骇？！

能否说得详细一点，把我的问题说明白？我还是糊涂ing....不好意思地说。

nobody · 发表于 2003-4-18 00:22:00

1.C给出范围,至少已运作20年的公司, 20年前CEO是49岁(57-8),如此人一直当CEO,20年后就是69岁,而当前CEO才57岁,就不能说现在CEO年龄更老.结论不成立.

joywzy · 发表于 2003-4-18 08:18:00

终于明白了,谢谢nobody.

siebel · 发表于 2003-5-12 23:13:00

以下是引用nobody在2003-4-18 0:22:00的发言：
1.C给出范围,至少已运作20年的公司, 20年前CEO是49岁(57-8),如此人一直当CEO,20年后就是69岁,而当前CEO才57岁,就不能说现在CEO年龄更老.结论不成立.

confusing...，题目中并没有说"此人一直当CEO"，难道能自己凭空假设么？如果我假设“此人必须将ceo在19年时传给他的孙子”，那当前ceo不just kids?

对于这题，我也有疑问。B指出，结论的成立，除了原文提到的两个条件，还有至少一个因素（在位时间）需要考虑，是否可以理解为他因？是否有削弱作用？

谢谢！

joywzy · 发表于 2003-5-12 23:30:00

18的问题在于从一个运作了20年的公司的情况推出所有的公司的CEO现在比以前老，所以不具有标准性，this argument commits insufficient samples.

Chinakai2003 · 发表于 2005-7-8 10:59:00

我对第19题的理解是这样的：首先题干中提到的第二个the conclusion，是指题目中that cigarette companies would have been no worse off economically if they had dropped their advertising.之所以能够得出这样的结论表面上看是源于题目中的第一个that从句 that inducing cigarette smokers to switch brands did not pay,但是此时我们不要忘了这两个结果都是从开头提出的数据得到的，因此对于题目一开始两个数据正确性与否的论述中是整个结论的基础，从而是对the conclusion that inducing cigarette smokers to switch brands did not pay is that the conclusion is based on提出的best criticism ，从而选e了。根据这个推理看其他四个答案完全论述的与题干要讨论的问题无关，因此可以毫不犹豫的选e.

请教大全-4-18,大全-4-19

请教大全-4-18,大全-4-19

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