OG13 RC 38求解！！！苦恼了很久！！！

huizhuo0309

原文：
Manufacturers have to do more than build largemanufacturing plants to realize economies of scale. It is true that as the capacity of a manufacturing operation rises, costs per unit of output fall as plantsize approaches "minimum efficient scale," where thecost per unit of output reaches a minimum,determined roughly by the state of existing technologyand size of the potential market. However, minimumefficient scale cannot be fully realized unless a steady"throughput" (the flow of materials through a plant) isattained. The throughput needed to maintain theoptimal scale of production requires carefulcoordination not only of the flow of goods through theproduction process, but also of the flow of input fromsuppliers and the flow of output to wholesalers andfinal consumers. If throughput falls below a criticalpoint, unit costs rise sharply and profits disappear. Amanufacturer's fixed costs and "sunk costs" (originalcapital investment in the physical plant) do notdecrease when production declines due to inadequatesupplies of raw materials, problems on the factoryfloor, or inefficient sales networks. Consequently,potential economies of scale are based on the physical and engineering characteristics of theproduction facilities—that is, on tangible capital—butrealized economies of scale are operational andorganizational, and depend on knowledge, skills,experience, and teamwork—that is, on organizedhuman capabilities, or intangible capital.


The importance of investing in intangible capitalbecomes obvious when one looks at what happens innew capital-intensive manufacturing industries. Suchindustries are quickly dominated, not by the first firmsto acquire technologically sophisticated plants oftheoretically optimal size, but rather by the first toexploit the full potential of such plants. Once some firms achieve this, a market becomes extremely hardto enter. Challengers must construct comparableplants and do so after the first movers have alreadyworked out problems with suppliers or with newproduction processes. Challengers must createdistribution networks and marketing systems inmarkets where first movers have all the contacts andknow-how. And challengers must recruit managementteams to compete with those that have already mastered these functional and strategic activities.


问题：

38. The passage suggests that which of the following istrue of a manufacturer's fixed and sunk costs?

(A)  The extent to which they are determined bymarket conditions for the goods beingmanufactured is frequently underestimated.

(B)  Ifthey are kept as lowas possible, themanufacturer is very likely to realize significantprofits.

(C)  They are the primary factor that determineswhether a manufacturer will realize economiesof scale.

(D)  They should be on a par with the fixed and sunkcosts of the manufacturer's competitors.

(E)  They are not affected by fluctuations in amanufacturing plant's throughput.


正确选项是E。

我对错误选项没什么问题，但是我觉得正确选项也不对。这道题应该定位到原文标红部分：“A manufacturer's fixed costs and "sunk costs" (original capital investment in the physical plant) do not decrease when production declines due to inadequate supplies of raw materials, problems on the factory floor, or inefficient sales networks.”

这句话的意思是 cost并不会因为throughput的变动而降低，潜在意思就是可能会因为throughput的变动而不变，或者上升。到底是哪一种情况，我们不知道，因为文中没有给我们更多的信息去imply。
选项E说的是不受影响，意思就是不论throughput怎么变，cost都不变。但是还有一种可能性是cost会上升啊！！

所以我觉得e不对。。。求喷！！！

QuMerah

OA不会错是因为它是OA，RON说的

huizhuo0309

QuMerah 发表于 2014-9-12 14:14
OA不会错是因为它是OA，RON说的

没懂。。。