A proposed change to federal income tax laws would eliminate deductions from taxable income for donations ataxpayer has made to charitable and educational institutions. If this change were adopted, wealthy individualswould no longer be permitted such deductions. Therefore, many charitable and educational institutions wouldhave to reduce services, and some would have to close their doors.
The argument above assumes which of the following?
A proposed change to federal income tax laws would eliminate deductions from taxable income for donations ataxpayer has made to charitable and educational institutions. If this change were adopted, wealthy individualswould no longer be permitted such deductions. Therefore, many charitable and educational institutions wouldhave to reduce services, and some would have to close their doors.
The argument above assumes which of the following?
A Without the incentives offered by federal income tax laws, at least some wealthy individuals would not donate as much money to charitable and educational institutions as they otherwise would have.
B Money contributed by individuals who make their donations because of provisions in the federal tax laws provides the only source of funding for many charitable and educational institutions.
C The primary reason for not adopting the proposed change in the federal income tax laws cited above is to protect wealthy individuals from having to pay higher taxes.
D Wealthy individuals who donate money to charitable and educational institutions are the only individuals who donate money to such institutions.
E Income tax laws should be changed to make donations to charitable and educational institutions the only permissible deductions from taxable income.
A 、B和D都可以算是assumption。但是,既然是选最优答案,只有A是正确的,因为B和D虽然也算是合理的assumption,但是他们却都是建立在A的基础上的,也就是说B和D不是最直接能够把条件和结论联系在一起的桥梁。当然,我个人认为,即便A作为assumption了,条件和结论之间还是有gap,A、B(或A、D)同时作为这题的assumption,才是最为严谨的逻辑。
比如这一句,Relatively few very overweight people who have dieted down to a new weight tend to continue to consume substantially fewer calories than do people whose normal weight is at that level.
不知道怎么取非...