gwd-11-7 没人问过吗？

msfox

Q5 to Q7:

      According to a theory advanced

       by researcher Paul Martin, the wave

       of species extinctions that occurred

Line in North America about 11,000 years

  (5)      ago, at the end of the Pleistocene era,

can be directly attributed to the arrival

of humans, i.e., the Paleoindians, who

were ancestors of modern Native

Americans.  However, anthropologist

(10)      Shepard Krech points out that large

animal species vanished even in areas

where there is no evidence to demon-

strate that Paleoindians hunted them.

Nor were extinctions confined to large

(15)      animals:  small animals, plants, and

insects disappeared, presumably not

all through human consumption.  Krech

also contradicts Martin’s exclusion of

climatic change as an explanation by

(20)      asserting that widespread climatic

       change did indeed occur at the end of

       the Pleistocene.  Still, Krech attributes

secondary if not primary responsibility

for the extinctions to the Paleoindians,

(25)      arguing that humans have produced

local extinctions elsewhere.  But,

according to historian Richard White,

even the attribution of secondary

responsibility may not be supported

(30)      by the evidence.  White observes that

Martin’s thesis depends on coinciding

dates for the arrival of humans and the

       decline of large animal species, and

Krech, though aware that the dates

(35)      are controversial, does not challenge

them; yet recent archaeological

discoveries are providing evidence

that the date of human arrival was

much earlier than 11,000 years ago.

Q7:

Which of the following, if true, would most weaken Krech’s objections to Martin’s theory?

              

1. Further studies showing that the climatic change that occurred at the end of the Pleistocene era was even more severe and widespread than was previously believed


2. New discoveries indicating that Paleoindians made use of the small animals, plants, and insects that became extinct


3. Additional evidence indicating that widespread climatic change occurred not only at the end of the Pleistocene era but also in previous and subsequent eras


4. Researchers’ discoveries that many more species became extinct in North America at the end of the Pleistocene era than was previously believed


5. New discoveries establishing that both the arrival of humans in North America and the wave of Pleistocene extinctions took place much earlier than 11,000 years ago

          Answer: B? E?

CD里coolgirl  mm 和fair_sword斑竹的答案都是B. 我选的是E.

K对M的理论有两个Objections:

1．Large animal specious 灭绝在无人地带。并进一步推广到small animals, plants, and insects。

2．Climate change确实在the end of   the Pleistocene发生过。

答案B：Paleoindians made use of the small animals, plants, and insects that became extinct。

而文章中16－17行指出“presumably not all through human consumption.”表示K还是承认human consumption对extinctions of small animals, plants, and insects的影响。因此B未能Weaken.

答案E：arrival of humans和 the wave of Pleistocene extinctions都提前了，因此K的Objection 2中提到的Climate Change发生过就无法解释wave of extinction. 可以Weaken。

？？

请大家指点。

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-12-9 21:17:34编辑过]

msfox

没人问过这题吗？

florafan

对啊，为什么没有人讨论这题目啊

第一次遇到的时候，毫不犹豫的选了B

第二次遇到的时候，觉得最正确的答案是E（没有前次记忆的干扰）

SAGA5

UP

caoqin1981

M的观点是人类的到来导致一波物种灭绝，K反驳M，提出1.没证据表面人类猎杀大小动物导致2.应该考虑P时代底的大规模气候变化（这个是M排除考虑的），并且气候变化被列为第二个主要的原因。Which of the following, if true, would most weaken Krech’s objections to Martin’s theory? 那么找到支持M或者削弱K的就行了，B说新证据发现P人当时利用的动植物现在灭绝了，从而可以推出支持了M人类导致灭绝。E说人类的到来和那波物种灭绝都早于M提出的年代。这样就无法判断M,K那个对了。所以无关 C说气候变化前后都有，虽然削弱了K，但比起B来不是最most weken的。