In virtually any industry, technological improvements increase labor productivity, which is the output of goods and services per person-hour worked. In Parland's industries, labor productivity is significantly higher than it is in Vergia's industries. Clearly, therefore, Parland's industries must, on the whole, be further advanced technologically than Vergia's are.
The argument is most vulnerable to which of the following criticisms?
In virtually any industry, technological improvements increase labor productivity, which is the output of goods and services per person-hour worked. In Parland’s industries, labor productivity is significantly higher than it is in Vergia’s industries. Clearly, therefore, Parland’s industries must, on the whole, be further advanced technologically than Vergia’s are. The argument is most vulnerable to which of the following criticisms? (A) It offers a conclusion that is no more than a paraphrase of one of the pieces of information provided in its support. (B) It presents as evidence in support of a claim information that is inconsistent with other evidence presented in support of the same claim. (C) It takes one possible cause of a condition to be the actual cause of that condition without considering any other possible causes. (D) It takes a condition to be the effect of something that happened only after the condition already existed. (E) It makes a distinction that presupposes the truth of the conclusion that is to be established.
答案是C。做题的时候倒是选对了……但其实主要是因为觉得C对,而其他几个几乎没看懂什么意思TT…(实在觉得这些表达awkward & confusing…=。=……&如此看来,我对SC里面修饰结构的掌握还是不够熟练TT) 看答案的时候又研究了一下,个人对几个选项的理解是:A,它重复了STEM里面的信息;B,信息不一致;C,没考虑其他因素;D,因果倒置(而且我觉得这里因果倒置的根本原因其实还是没有考虑到其他影响生产力的因素);E,循环论证。不知道我的想法对不对,请各位NN指教! (……犹清晰的记得SCDAR大神无数次的教导我们要think & analysis in English,但我现在实在是理解无能……欢迎NN们来拍砖砸死我TT)
还有一个问题就是,个人对OG中D选项的解释不理解。OG说:The argument does not mention how long Parland has had more productive labor, or when technological improvements would have occurred.我没看明白这个解释和选项讲的有什么关系,是因为选项说了“…after the condition already existed”,所以OG解释说没涉及时间的问题吗?