LZ 帮忙看一下好吗？？
一、文章主旨
Hawaii的temple，新的科学方法证明社会政治变革比原先预想的更快。/度量一个temple建造时间的新方法。
二、段落大意
P1. 原先历史学家认为建造的span是250年，但是原始的居民传说在P这个人的领导下，社会开始了宗教XX。新的理论说是没这么长。。并且oral histories（这个很重要。。。关于这个出了两道题目）相信社会历史文化变化比之前预想要快。但是却没有scientific evidence 来补充。。。
P2. 说科学家通过新的一种技术研究珊瑚还是啥的来验证他们的想法：历史学家们无法判断时间是因为没办法根据元素来追踪时间，dating techniques，但是最新发现了一种办法是用同位素元素示踪法(radiation)，研究建寺庙时用的珊瑚（coral），发现和他们设想的是相符合的(consistent)（有题）/根据coral来判断年份，是因为temple的墙上有些植物，包含的元素不同。不拉不拉不拉。最后判断出temple的建造时间是a single generation。(此处有题，问你为什么作者最后一句话提到这个，我选了说用于表明结论和历史学家们认为的不同)。然后说这些新的数据他们原来的设想的是相符合的(consistent)（有题）证实了他们的猜想: 岛上的一段时间内社会历史文化变化比之前预想要快。
三、题目
Q1. 文章的主旨
V1 research show evidence that can improve scientists' consideration toward the social reform in some area of Pacific Ocean(注意有几个选项有oral historicians是不对的！）(from考古V 36)
V2 证明夏威夷社会政治的发展比预想快
V3 是一种新的方法证明了oral history关于那个岛社会政治发展比原来人们认为的250年要快。
Q2. Temple建造时间是 a single generation，高亮，问作用
A.就是证明哪个变革比科学家想的要快啦（还是说变革的时间比预想的短？反正就是这个意思...）
B.表明结论和历史学家们认为/预想的不同(from考古V 35)
C.说明用那个方法倒推出来的时间是amenable的
D.表明和traditional 科学家的看法一致。
E.provide evidence that social reform is uneven(from考古V 36)
考古狗主解释：这道题的答案定位在最后一句话，这句话是两个分句，后半句是t may have happened in the span of a single generation of Hawaiians.，因此答案是前半个分句
Q3. 本文中提供的信息不能得到以下哪个选项的答案
A.The reason why former scientists expected the social reform last250 years. （本月狗主）（考古V36狗主）
Q4.还有问珊瑚的用处
应该是装饰品，因为文中有Ornamentally.
C.“为什么说那个时代是religious的” 楼主选了此答案
Q6. Why scientist cannot prove Hawaii happened in a single period of history originally?
the limitations of carbon dating
Q6. 实验证明了什么结果？
新的数据与原来的设想是相符合的，证明了猜想。
三、疑似原文
建造temple，机经阅读汇总上的英文原文和考试文章高度相似，主要内容和主人公完全一样，只是行文略有不同。请千万重视。以下是机经阅读汇总上的英文原文：
Proto-historic Hawaiian temples on the island of Maui（毛伊岛） may have mushroomed up（迅速增长） within just 30 years, not 250 as previously supposed,scientists say. The findings could significantly alter researchers' understanding of the pace of precontact （本地人与外来文化杰出之前的时期）sociopolitical change in the Pacific. (雪菲注：与原文相似)
Hawaiian genealogies and oral histories hold that sometime around 1600 A.D. a ruler named Pi'ilani united two opposing chiefdoms on Maui into a peaceful kingdom, marking the emergence of a religious state on the island. Archaeologists had been unable to confirm that sequence of events, however, in part because of the limitations of carbon dating. (一种炭14元素测时间技术)（雪菲注：狗主表示与原文不同）
In the new work, Patrick V. Kirch and Warren D. Sharp of the University of California and Berkeley used another kind of radiometric technique involving thorium-230, rather than carbon-14, to date bits of branch coral that were collected from living reefs and left as divine offerings at seven different temples during construction.(部分细节定位题) Dates for these corals, which had been incorporated into walls and platform fill, all fell in a narrow range of 1565 to 1638 A.D., give or take a few years on either end. Moreover, dates on the samples that best reflect the time they were harvested from the sea--those from the coral branch tips--ranged from 1608 to 1638 A.D., an interval of just 30 years. These findings thus point to intensive temple-building during that time. Because temples served as centers for control of production and the collection of surplus goods, the team contends, it seems likely that the construction boom accompanied a profound shift in sociopolitical structure. (第二段有细节题，看仔细) （雪菲注：狗主表示与原文相似）
Kirch and Sharp observe that the conquests described by local oral traditions coincide with these new dates, and would have more than doubled the size of the Maui polity to upwards of 2,360 square kilometers--the magnitude of expansion expected with the formation of an archaic state. "The temples provide tangible archaeological evidence of the speed with which a fundamental sociopolitical transition occurred in proto-historic Hawaii," the authors conclude. Indeed, they note, it may have happened in the span of a single generation of Hawaiians. (证明夏威夷社会政治的发展比预想快，在一代就完成)
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发表于 2012-12-26 00:36:46
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