LSAT6-IV-7请教

albert

7 Head injury is the most serious type of injury sustained in motorcycle accidents. The average cost to taxpayers for medical care for nonbelmeted motorcycle-accident victims is twice that for their helmeted counterparts. Jurisdictions that have enacted motorcycle-helmet laws have reduced the incidence and severity of accident-related head injuries, thereby reducing the cost to taxpayers. Therefore, to achieve similar cost reductions, other jurisdictions should enact motorcycle-helmet laws. For the same reason jurisdictions should also require helmets for horseback riders, since horseback-riding accidents are even more likely to cause serious head injury than motorcycle accidents are.
7.Which one of the following is an assumption upon which the author's conclusion concerning helmets for horseback riders depend?
(A) Medical care for victims of horseback-riding accidents is financial drain on tax funds.
(B) The higher rate of serious head injury suffered by victims of horseback-riding accidents is due to the difference in size between horses and motorcycles.
(C) The medical costs associated with treating head injuries are higher than those for other types of injury.
(D) Most fatalities resulting from horseback-riding and motorcycle accidents could have been prevented if the victims had been wearing helmets.
(E) When deciding whether to enact helmet laws for motorcyclists and horseback riders, the jurisdiction's primary concerns is the safety of its citizens.
Answer: A   
D为什么不对？
谢谢！

1stzhang

我是这样理解的：

这是一个假设的题目.一定要注意原文的结论"For the same reason jurisdictions should also require helmets for horseback riders".原文存在的GAP应该在于减少horseback-riding accidents可以减少drain on tax funds那么A就是一个答案弥补了这个GAP.

joywzy

这一题,mindfree讲解得非常清楚了,你查一下以前的贴子.

albert

谢谢lstzhang和joywzy..
我同意lstzhang关于答案A的说法。

我还查了一下mindfree的解释：
"
1. 需要理解assumption的相关性. 原文其实是一个parallel reasoning. 前面说因为motorcycle helmet可以减轻medical care对纳税人的负担,所以应该通过立法. 后面说对horserider也应该同样立法要求helmet. 这里后面省略的是和前面部分相同的成分, 补充后应该是因为helmet立法可以减轻houserider medical care对taxpayer的负担, 所以应该通过立法. 省略的就是assumption, 也是原文的必要条件, 说明motorcycle和horseriding在helmet上的一致性. 如果没有此assumption, 则两者不可比, 从motorcycle不能推导出horseriding的结论.

D是无关选项. 它在意思上是对的, 但是在此问题中的作用就好比是说"太阳是热的", 和原文的逻辑毫无关系. 原文没有提到fatality, 而是围绕着tax, medical care cost. 所以答案一定要将原文的elements联系在一起.
"

但是我认为"fatality"理解为"事故", 原文提到了很多"injury",就可以理解为事故...D取非，如果带了helmet，MOST FATALITY不能减少，那么减少税收负担的目的何以达到？
取非结论不成立。。所以D也是ASSUMPTION

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-6-25 20:40:55编辑过]

joywzy

Albert,

Fatality means the morality rate, which is different from injuries. As you reason, you need to add an assumption that fatality is one kine of injuires , such reasoning that should be prohibited. Right?

I believe that mindfree has given a clear explanation about this question. This is a perfect explanation.

albert

你的意思是fatality是“死亡” ，可是我的字典上有“灾祸，事故”的意思。。如果我字典没错，injury当然可以理解为一种"灾祸"....取非了结论就不成立了。。

joywzy

Albert, why not return to Egnlish-English dictionary? I believe that the meaning will be different. Pls try .Pls also consult the meaning of injury.

OK?

albert

oh...I checked my dictionary just now...As you said, the meaning of fatality is death or deceased..
Thank you, joywzy...

youyou3941

题目重点讲的是head injury

而fatality一般就是指死亡，一开始我也选了d，现在看下觉得是无关选项