GWD 9-11

jjll

以下是引用xinfaxian在2005-6-6 2:04:00的发言：

According to the passage, which of the following statements about sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide outputs is true?

A. Older production technologies cannot be adapted so as to reduce production of these outputs as waste products. (adapt(原文用的是adopt)是关键，accomodate, adjust。偶是这样理解的：新facilities不能或因代价太大不愿意adapt older technologies，目的呢，还是一个，减少污染，不管是被迫的，还是主动地；而对老facilites 用older technologies却没有办法，因为在它出台的时候没有什么regulations去限制它。)

B. Under the most recent environmental regulations, industrial plants are no longer permitted to produce these outputs. (this is not true, there are plants still doing so...)

C. Although these outputs are environmentally hazardous, some plants still generate them as waste products despite the high compliance costs they impose. (this is not true, please refer below)

.......for

example, whereas new facilities

generally avoid processes that

would create such waste ......

why avoid? because it is so costly......generally, no companies are willing to pay for producing toxins, right?

D. Many older plants have developed innovative technological processes that reduce the amounts of these outputs generated as waste products.

E. Since the production processes that generate these outputs are less costly than alternative processes, these less expensive processes are sometimes adopted

my 2 cents, 请指点！

B. Under the most recent environmental regulations, industrial plants are no longer permitted to produce these outputs. (this is not true, there are plants still doing so...)

no longer permitted 和 still doing so 并不矛盾啊，否则怎么叫noncompiant呢？B错在哪？请继续讨论。

FionaLiang

再顶出来！求求大家帮忙！

我觉得A是有道理的，

但是却怎么也想不明白B怎么错了？？？

New regulations have imposed

extensive compliance costs on

companies still using older

industrial coal-fired burners that       这句话不就等于(B)industrial plants are no longer permitted to produce these outputs吗

(35)   generate high sulfur dioxide and

nitrogen oxide outputs, for

example, whereas new facilities

generally avoid processes that

would create such waste pro-

(40)   ducts.

又或者，是我对compliance cost 这个词的理解有误？谁能帮我解释一下？？

谢谢！

FionaLiang

再顶！

maxin18

选C，A中文章未提及说老设备不能改变, 只是老设备在新regulation下会costly，有可能是因为要adaptive所以才costly；B中文章只是说cost增加了，没说not permitted to use.

梦不落

10 选A.

还是要看文章的结构啊！

从11行开始的for example....然后additionally。。。然后finally....

作者举了三种不同的例子证明regular costs disadvantage or benefit companies

第一种情况说的是location的问题。

第二种情况说的size的问题。large company and small company

第三种情况说的是company with older technology and new technology的问题。

这道题的定位应该是第三种情况，这个没问题。

A.直接将范围固定在第三种情况上.C的some plants没有体现出文章的这种结构性。

而且文中主要说的是，company with older technology之所以仍然违反environmental regulations是因为他们很难转变这种机制（adapt 的意思）C只是说明了那样一种情况而没有点出原因。

漠篱

如果按照“梦不落”的分析，贯通全篇来看，C应该是更加合理的啦。

按照分析的第一第二第三种情况，都说明了。无论一些公司是不是不遵循了环境法规，都可能有漏洞可以钻。

只要灵活地把地理位置、公司的实际情况以及科技条件结合起来，就可以减少环境法规对其的影响，例如，一些大的公司其实是可以接受complaince的费用，因为，它的规模大，这些费用相对于整个规模来说都是很小的。所以，尽管old technology会有些违反环境法规的废气排放，但是，鉴于成本的问题，换新的设备也许更加昂贵。

而且，old technology和new facility似乎是独立的东西，尽管旧的科技不能消除这些废气的排放，是因为用的旧的fuel burner，但是可以购置新的facilities，avoid 产生废气的process。

而A说的是 旧的技术不可改良，而后面的例子则说明了是可以改良的，只要换了burner，就可以避免产生文中所述的废气。

shouyang12

A A

lovelyvans

为什么B错?我觉得B的思路很符合作者的思路啊~~~

redragon124

Finally, older production

technologies often

continue to generate toxic wastes

that were not regulated when the

(30 ) technology was first adopted.

New regulations have imposed

extensive compliance costs on

companies still using older

industrial coal-fired burners that

(35) generate high sulfur dioxide and

nitrogen oxide outputs, for

example, whereas new facilities

generally avoid processes that

would create such waste pro-

(40) ducts.

A更好一些

B：从new regulation到products都是举例，是为了说明对成本不平均分配的第3个因素older production technologies，而new regulation只是个例子，并不能推出the most recent regulation也禁止sd和no

C：Finally后面重点是说technology对成本不平均分配的影响，并不是说公司会怎么做。C的意思是“尽管它们对环境有害，但一些工厂仍然会继续排放”，说的是工厂会怎么办，但本题毕竟是Statement，不是infer，如果是infer的话，应该可以推出C项

chenyudi

迷惑了好久以后再看一遍原文的那段话突然感觉豁然开朗

发现大家都把注意力集中到后面那句New regulations have imposed extensive ompliance costs on companies still using older industrial coal-fired burners that generate high sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide outputs, for example, whereas new facilities generally avoid processes that would create such waste products.

实际上是不是更应该关注这句:older production technologies often continue to generate toxic wastes

我们再看看A: Older production technologies cannot be adapted so as to reduce production of these outputs as waste products.

而这题是ACCORDING TO THE PASSAGE, 大家不要再推意思了,直接找原文原话. A的意思也就是在说older production technologies cannot reduce production of these outputs as waste products.

原文说older production technologies 时常产生有害物,(后面那句提到新的设备避免了产生有害物的程序,注意, 旧的生产程序是被避免了,但旧的technologies是会产生有害物)

无论A中的adapted到底指"被改造"(我认为是应该理解为被改造)还是指"适合的", 都是说旧的technologies 无法减少有害物的排放, 能被改造以减少有害物产生的是新的设备facilities而不是technologies.

我们再看看A: Older production technologies cannot be adapted so as to reduce production of these outputs as waste products.

而这题是ACCORDING TO THE PASSAGE, 大家不要再推意思了,直接找原文原话. A的意思也就是在说older production technologies cannot reduce production of these outputs as waste products.

原文说older production technologies 时常产生有害物,(后面那句提到新的设备避免了产生有害物的程序,注意, 旧的生产程序是被避免了,但旧的technologies是会产生有害物)

无论A中的adapted到底指"被改造"(我认为是应该理解为被改造)还是指"适合的", 都是说旧的technologies 无法减少有害物的排放, 能被改造以减少有害物产生的是新的设备facilities而不是technologies.