Inquiry to GWD-3-9

usdream

Q9:

Studies in restaurants show that the tips left by customers who pay their bill in cash tend to be larger when the bill is presented on a tray that bears a credit-card logo.  Consumer psychologists hypothesize that simply seeing a credit-card logo makes many credit-card holders willing to spend more because it reminds them that their spending power exceeds the cash they have immediately available.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the psychologists’ interpretation of the studies?

1. The effect noted in the studies is not limited to patrons who have credit cards.
   
   
2. Patrons who are under financial pressure from their credit-card obligations tend to tip less when presented with a restaurant bill on a tray with credit-card logo than when the tray has no logo.
   
   
3. In virtually all of the cases in the studies, the patrons who paid bills in cash did not possess credit cards.
   
   
4. In general, restaurant patrons who pay their bills in cash leave larger tips than do those who pay by credit card.
   
   
5. The percentage of restaurant bills paid with given brand of credit card increases when that credit card’s logo is displayed on the tray with which the bill is prepared.

Here, what about E, I think E is also related to what the psychologist says.

Any comments?

Thank you!

lawyer_1

1。E意思为：当某种信用卡的LOGO在用于收钱的盘上显示时，用这种信用卡付账单的比例就增加。这和心理学家的解释无关。

2。答案应为B。心理学家说见到信用卡的LOGO，使人想到支付能力比身上的钱大。因为还有信用卡可付钱。不过，如果信用卡还透支，还欠信用卡公司钱，那就会想到自己支付能力比身上的钱小。所以从相反的角度去支持心理学家的假设。

valarie

I think it's a wield question.

我怀疑题干中“makes many credit-card holders willing to spend more " 应该是 “unwilling to spend more" 。

因为提干第一句话 “Studies in restaurants show that the tips left by customers who pay their bill in cash tend to be larger when the bill is presented on a tray that bears a credit-card logo.”，

第二句后半句“because it reminds them that their spending power exceeds the cash they have immediately available.”，

以及正确选项‘Patrons who are under financial pressure from their credit-card obligations tend to tip less when presented with a restaurant bill on a tray with credit-card logo than when the tray has no logo.”，

都说明when people pay the bill with credit card, they tend to tip less than when they pay the bill in cash. 即 tip in cash >tip in credit card,

而如果安心理学家的假设 “看到信用卡的logo" 就会更愿意花钱， 那用信用卡就会给更多小费。 大家说那？

lawyer_1

‘都说明when people pay the bill with credit card, they tend to tip less than when they pay the bill in cash. 即 tip in cash >tip in credit card,’原文没有用信用卡付小费，而是说信用卡的LOGO是他们觉得还有信用卡可付钱而支付能力比身上的钱大，所以付更多消费（原文说用CASH付）。至于用信用卡付合用CASH付，那个会大，原文没说，但根据心理学家的逻辑，应该是一样的，因为LOGO只影响顾客的支付心理而影响付多付少，并没影响用何支付手段。

valarie

agree.

lawyer_1

其实对答案B觉得奇怪的原因也许是已习惯选项直接支持结论或证据，不习惯另举含有原文规律的例子的支持方式。即支持原文的推理方式。类比也属于这一类。试想，既然看到信用卡的LOGO能使人少付小费，有何理由不相信它能使人多付小费呢。

leisure1221

以下是引用lawyer_1在2004-9-7 22:17:00的发言：

1。E意思为：当某种信用卡的LOGO在用于收钱的盘上显示时，用这种信用卡付账单的比例就增加。这和心理学家的解释无关。

2。答案应为B。心理学家说见到信用卡的LOGO，使人想到支付能力比身上的钱大。因为还有信用卡可付钱。不过，如果信用卡还透支，还欠信用卡公司钱，那就会想到自己支付能力比身上的钱小。所以从相反的角度去支持心理学家的假设。

e恰恰是与心理学家的理论有关呀，心理学家的理论是信用卡logo对付帐人tip多少的影响，而e从为心理学家的解释从另一方面提供了理论支持，这道题其实与实际生活关系就密切，如果大家常用信用卡的话体会会深一些

leisure1221

以下是引用lawyer_1在2004-9-11 7:59:00的发言：
其实对答案B觉得奇怪的原因也许是已习惯选项直接支持结论或证据，不习惯另举含有原文规律的例子的支持方式。即支持原文的推理方式。类比也属于这一类。试想，既然看到信用卡的LOGO能使人少付小费，有何理由不相信它能使人多付小费呢。

ets的逻辑里好像没有这种逻辑思维方式吧，如果是这样恐怕这只会造成思维方式的混乱

leisure1221

那个选项看着都不是那么合适，疑惑中。。。

ethyl

e恰恰是与心理学家的理论有关呀，心理学家的理论是信用卡logo对付帐人tip多少的影响，而e从为心理学家的解释从另一方面提供了理论支持，这道题其实与实际生活关系就密切，如果大家常用信用卡的话体会会深一些

心理学家的理论是关于看到信用卡与看不到信用卡两种情况的比较，不是针对某种信用卡的；如果桌上放的是A brand credit card, 而我用的是B brand credit card ，那我也应该会多付，但是按照E，我是不会多付的，因为我用的不是A brand credit card.