2月9日，北美~~~悲催了...放狗...攒点rp,下次再战！！！

crosscats

我尽量把我记得的写下来，但是，请原谅lz的记忆力实在是不太好。要是记起来了再来补充~~~
ps:lz语文不好，选的答案仅供参考，最重要还是大家考试看到题目时根据题目分析。
语文阅读4篇：
鸡精：
1. 讲resin，琥珀，sap 区别的那篇  有道题问化学生态学家最可能进行哪项研究（觉得应该定位回原文解释什么是化学生态的地方），lz选了有herbicide的那项，但是不确定。
2. 讲酒瓶子用玻璃瓶还是罐子那篇 这里有道题问为什么large wine still use glass bottle.（定位回原文最后一段，最后结尾部分）
新：
3. 忘记了。。。只记得一屏半的样子，但是题目不难。
4. 讲self-determination会降低啥？o(╯□╰)o文章2段，一屏，文章容易读懂，就是题目比较难，都是infer题。第一段讲了一个jam的例子。说给6种jam和24种jam给customer购买。结果发现6种jam的购买次数会多。解释说是因为太多选择会使人们产生选择困难。第二段另一个人说有个例外，就是，当人们有明确购买目标，能够satisfy的时候，再多的选择也不会出现选择困难的情形。然后有道题目问到了jam的例子说明了啥？

语法：
唯一记得的是有道题应该是出自og或prep的原题。讲鲨鱼的牙齿丢失的时候，其他的牙齿会补上那个位置。When the shark...开头的一个句子...（找不到原题，希望有同学能记得）
考到了主谓一致，they 对应their, a specialist对应谓语单数
插入语，有道原题整个划线部分前后是用破折号连起来的

逻辑：
1. tobacco那篇，问的是assumption
2. 说某个park（大写的名字）里公路旁边的deer的死亡率高于park里其他地方，但是deer却喜欢到公路两旁比较靠近的地方分娩，问加强。lz选deer的捕食者害怕靠近公路两旁。

作文：
一个有3家连锁gym的manager写了个memo给company's owner 说the customer survey shows 顾客愿意吃更健康的食物，然后说顾客就会去买organic food，解释下Organic food是啥。接着说，our city is prepare for an organic grocery store which it never has. 所以，我们应该expand 3 个gym，增加grocery sotores去卖organic food. 这样，我们就可以赶在national chain之前enter the market，然后增加过去一直保持的利润。

Issue：
“The most experienced candidate 会获得leadership positon.”


==============================================================================
题外话：整个考场今天就我一个人考试，好心的老奶奶监考，还跟我说，你可以在里面说话唱歌都ok（lz有点蠢蠢欲动想尝试下在里面唱歌的说，可是感觉太诡异了点，遂放弃了）。如此热情的老奶奶，感觉考不好都对不起她了...考前登陆的时候电脑死机了，于是重启了一遍，老奶奶还在那里跟我说那个电脑主机的声音 like the airplane taking off...lz顿时放松了不少...考前和2次休息的时候都问我，空调温度Ok吗？冷吗？嗯嗯，所以，下次一定要考好！！！

     lz已经三战了，但是3次分数的趋势很诡异~~~一战最轻松，因为是形式上学校要我补张成绩单而已。一年半以后才二战，二战是因为想申请phd，但是二战以不可思议的低分飘过，所以三战压力很大。三战的备考以一种很抓狂的状态渡过最后一个月。三战只能说达到了一战时候的水平，稍感安慰。因为二战之后,lz一直觉得自己很不正常，陷入了深刻的自我怀疑和批判中，因为真没见过越考越差的。现在终于觉得自己还是在正常的范畴内的。而且，lz的三战受到了来自教授的深切关怀和报名deadline的时间紧迫，倍感压力。但是，lz没有打算放弃，准备4战。现在已经很明确地知道deadline是肯定会错过的了，却有种松口气的感觉。lz实在是心理素质不过关，抗压力太差了（自我鄙视一下）。lz坚定地认为gmat并不是不可战胜的！祝lz四战成功吧！大家互勉互励，都取得好成绩。

==============================================================================
lz刚刚一咬牙，一跺脚，心一狠又送了250大洋给gmac，欢乐地开始准备4战。

tingting85114

谢谢LZ！加油！

一顶小红帽

加油
我明天考
也加油

papa88512

LZ看看是这题吗3. TT-GWD 2-33
When an active tooth in the shark’s jaws is lost or worn down, many spare teeth lie in seemingly limitless reserve, each of which are ready to slide into the appropriate position.
A.    When an active tooth in the shark’s jaws is lost or worn down, many spare teeth lie in seemingly limitless reserve, each of which are ready to slide into the appropriate position.
B.    Whenever an active tooth is lost or worn down, many spare teeth lie in seemingly limitless reserve in the shark’s jaws, which are each ready to slide into the appropriate position.
C.    Many spare teeth lie in seemingly limitless reserve in the shark’s jaws, each one of which are ready to slide into the appropriate position when an active tooth is lost or worn down.
D.    The many spare teeth lying in seemingly limitless reserve in the shark’s jaws, each one of which is ready to slide into the appropriate position whenever an active tooth is lost or worn down.
E.    In the shark’s jaws, many spare teeth lie in seemingly limitless reserve, each one ready to slide into the appropriate position whenever an active tooth is lost or worn down.

LeopardS

那选什么啊

olivia_xuxu

加油啊 我还在纠结要不要四战的问题

YINYESHAHYT

LZ麻烦确认下是不是这篇，我一战时候的一篇~

42、选择
V1：bypiaoface   670  (8.24 14:00)
人们对于多的选择和少的选择的选择倾向
  意思是：以前大家都以为是选择越多越好。但是有研究表明，并非如此。第一个实验说XXXX. 早在198X年，就有文章写了这一论点。（一堆无考点的)为什么呢？一个在超市（貌似）实验表明。顾客在购买某产品时。一种情况是产品只包括6种，另一种情况是包括24种。当顾客面对6种的情况时，往往更容易做出选择。而面对24种的情况，他们虽然很happy，但是很可能不会购买。除了当他们的preference非常明确时，他们才会在24种的情况下购买。剩下的失忆中。

题目：
(1) main idea
(2) 如果客户在24种的情况下购买了。。。说明什么。
(3) 还有一个我纠结了很久的题目。说：你能从第一段推出什么
   A. 之前有人也做过此类的研究
   B. 在24种情况之下人们往往被迷惑
   其他忘了。。。
V2：（原30，V2）
摆放商品，是lz的第一篇，不难，篇幅貌似只有两段，一开头讲将某样商品过细的分类然后小堆小堆的呈现在消费者面前的效果和大堆大堆的呈现效果的比较。作者貌似是认为大堆呈现的更好。举了一个例子，有考点。然后说其实不仅仅是在买东西时会有这种心理，像员工在面临是否选择公司提供的一个什么福利的时候的态度也会有这样的趋向。第二段具体展开讲了一下。
LZ碰到的三道题考点都是第一段的那个例子。
V3：yaning0909  (8.24  23:00)
大意说以前大家都以为是选择越多越好。但是有研究表明，并非如此。小堆小堆和大堆大堆的比起来，怎么怎么。有个实验表明顾客在购买某产品时。一种情况是只包括6种jam，另一种情况是包括24种什么jam。当顾客面对6种时，往往更容易做出选择。然后有问一个削弱的（在这个例子上问了好多问题），（我选的是客户对这6个商品比较熟悉，比对那24个商品，因此更可能买它。）
然后说员工的retirement什么的跟这个类似，没啥考点。
第二段讲当消费者的preference非常明确时。有可能什么什么。maxium什么什么。有一道题。

crosscats

LZ看看是这题吗3. TT-GWD 2-33
When an active tooth in the shark’s jaws is lost or worn down, many spare teeth lie in seemingly limitless reserve, each of which are ready to slide into the appropriate position.
A.    When an active tooth in the shark’s jaws is lost or worn down, many spare teeth lie in seemingly limitless reserve, each of which are ready to slide into the appropriate position.
B.    Whenever an active tooth is lost or worn down, many spare teeth lie in seemingly limitless reserve in the shark’s jaws, which are each ready to slide into the appropriate position.
C.    Many spare teeth lie in seemingly limitless reserve in the shark’s jaws, each one of which are ready to slide into the appropriate position when an active tooth is lost or worn down.
D.    The many spare teeth lying in seemingly limitless reserve in the shark’s jaws, each one of which is ready to slide into the appropriate position whenever an active tooth is lost or worn down.
E.    In the shark’s jaws, many spare teeth lie in seemingly limitless reserve, each one ready to slide into the appropriate position whenever an active tooth is lost or worn down.

-- by 会员 papa88512 (2012/2/10 9:20:16)

是的，就是这题！！！找到了，太好了！！！ps：原来是gwd的，我找过gwd没找到，所以就以为是Prep或者og的了。

crosscats

LZ麻烦确认下是不是这篇，我一战时候的一篇~

42、选择
V1：bypiaoface   670  (8.24 14:00)
人们对于多的选择和少的选择的选择倾向
  意思是：以前大家都以为是选择越多越好。但是有研究表明，并非如此。第一个实验说XXXX. 早在198X年，就有文章写了这一论点。（一堆无考点的)为什么呢？一个在超市（貌似）实验表明。顾客在购买某产品时。一种情况是产品只包括6种，另一种情况是包括24种。当顾客面对6种的情况时，往往更容易做出选择。而面对24种的情况，他们虽然很happy，但是很可能不会购买。除了当他们的preference非常明确时，他们才会在24种的情况下购买。剩下的失忆中。

题目：
(1) main idea
(2) 如果客户在24种的情况下购买了。。。说明什么。
(3) 还有一个我纠结了很久的题目。说：你能从第一段推出什么
   A. 之前有人也做过此类的研究
   B. 在24种情况之下人们往往被迷惑
   其他忘了。。。
V2：（原30，V2）
摆放商品，是lz的第一篇，不难，篇幅貌似只有两段，一开头讲将某样商品过细的分类然后小堆小堆的呈现在消费者面前的效果和大堆大堆的呈现效果的比较。作者貌似是认为大堆呈现的更好。举了一个例子，有考点。然后说其实不仅仅是在买东西时会有这种心理，像员工在面临是否选择公司提供的一个什么福利的时候的态度也会有这样的趋向。第二段具体展开讲了一下。
LZ碰到的三道题考点都是第一段的那个例子。
V3：yaning0909  (8.24  23:00)
大意说以前大家都以为是选择越多越好。但是有研究表明，并非如此。小堆小堆和大堆大堆的比起来，怎么怎么。有个实验表明顾客在购买某产品时。一种情况是只包括6种jam，另一种情况是包括24种什么jam。当顾客面对6种时，往往更容易做出选择。然后有问一个削弱的（在这个例子上问了好多问题），（我选的是客户对这6个商品比较熟悉，比对那24个商品，因此更可能买它。）
然后说员工的retirement什么的跟这个类似，没啥考点。
第二段讲当消费者的preference非常明确时。有可能什么什么。maxium什么什么。有一道题。

-- by 会员 YINYESHAHYT (2012/2/10 10:00:20)

对的，应该就是这篇了...谢谢考古！

neexd

谢谢LZ

另外LZ请帮忙看看一下是不是BOTTLE的原文，不知道别的狗主是否确认过。

转自：http://www.ecocn.org/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=19987&page=1#pid165918Some wine can improve if stored in a carton rather than in a bottle利乐包装葡萄酒比瓶装的更好喝AMONG snobs and sommeliers, nothing can compete with wine in a glass bottle sealed with a cork stopper. Yet as cheap alternatives to cork have become available and high fuel prices have made transporting glass more expensive, some winemakers have adopted an alternative method of storage: putting wine in cartons, like those used for milk, made from layers of polythene, paper and aluminium foil. Admittedly, serving wine from a carton lacks the aesthetic appeal of a bottle, and cartons have also been criticised for allowing flavour-destroying oxygen to seep in during storage. A new study, however, reveals that although the criticism of wine cartons for allowing oxidation is valid, they have the advantage of soaking up chemicals that can ruin the flavour in other ways.对于自命不凡的品酒者和斟酒服务员而言，带有软木塞的瓶装葡萄酒是无与伦比的。因为出现了软木塞的廉价替代品，以及高涨的能源价格致使玻璃瓶运输更加昂贵，所以部分葡萄酒制造商采取了别的储藏方式，即将葡萄酒灌入用于装牛奶的利乐包中。利乐包是由聚乙烯材料、纸以及铝箔制成。诚然，利乐包葡萄酒不如瓶装葡萄酒富有情调，并且被指责其会使氧气渗入而破坏了口味。然而，一项新研究表明虽然对利乐包葡萄酒容易氧化的指责不成立，但是很多情况下仍有可能吸收化学物质从而破坏口味。High levels of chemicals called alkyl-methoxypyrazines can make wines taste as though the fruit from which they were made was under-ripe or low-quality. Originally grapes themselves were thought to be the only source of this class of compounds in wine, but recent research has shown that invasive Asian lady beetles (also known as Harlequin ladybirds) are also involved in the process. These beetles eat grapes and can accidentally get mixed into the winemaking process. They then contribute to the formation of these undesirable chemicals in some North American and French wines.高含量的化学物质烷基-甲氧基吡嗪，能使葡萄酒品尝起来像是来之未成熟或低品质的葡萄。起初，认为这类化合物只是来之葡萄本身，但是最近研究表明外来的亚洲瓢虫（也被称为花斑瓢虫）也与这一类物质有关。亚洲瓢虫爱吃葡萄，常随着葡萄采摘被带回酒庄，在酿造过程中若未将之除去而混入酒中，然后就会形成烷基-甲氧基吡嗪。在部分北美与法国葡萄酒中此类使人不悦的化学物质就是如此产生的。The wine industry has tried various ways to remove alkyl-methoxypyrazines, but none has been particularly successful. To make matters worse, the Asian lady beetle is becoming more prevalent in Italy, Spain, Argentina and South Africa, which means winemakers from those regions could soon face the problem of dealing with these chemicals, too. But it has long been known that packaging plays a role in controlling wine chemistry and taste by absorbing some volatile compounds in a process known as “flavour scalping”. A team led by Gary Pickering at Brock University in Canada decided to investigate the impact of different forms of packaging on the concentration of alkyl-methoxypyrazines in wines.葡萄酒业尝试了很多种方法去除烷基-甲氧基吡嗪，但是没有一种特别成功。更糟的是意大利、西班牙、阿根廷和南非正遭受亚洲瓢虫肆虐，且越来越严重。这意味着来之这些国家的葡萄酒制造业很快也将要面临处理这些化学物质的问题。很久以来就知晓包装在控制葡萄酒化学物质和口味上有很重要的作用，主要是在“去味”过程中吸收一些具挥发性的化合物。在加拿大布洛克大学，由加利·皮可林领导的小组决定研究不同包装形式对葡萄酒中烷基-甲氧基吡嗪的浓度有何影响。     The researchers added three types of alkyl-methoxypyrazine to red (cabernet franc) and white (riesling) wines, some of which were stored in cartons, and others in bottles. Natural cork, synthetic cork and screw caps were used to seal the bottles. The researchers then monitored chemical levels in the wines for 18 months. 研究人员将三类烷基-甲氧基吡嗪加在卡本內-弗朗（cabernet franc）红葡萄酒与丽丝玲（riesling）白葡萄酒中。将其一部分储藏在利乐包中，另一部分放在玻璃瓶中，并用天然软木塞、合成软木塞和螺旋盖子对玻璃瓶进行封口。在随后的18个月中，研究人员检测葡萄酒中的化学物质含量。They report in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry that at the end of the study the levels of the different types of alkyl-methoxypyrazines, known as IBMP, IPMP and SBMP, had fallen by 45%, 32% and 26% respectively in the wines stored in cartons. In wines stored in bottles, the levels of IBMP (which produces a characteristic “sweet pepper” taste) did not fall as much: by 37% for synthetic cork, 36% for screw cap and 31% for natural cork. When it came to IPMP (associated with “green pea” and “earthy” flavours) the level increased by 2-3% for natural cork, but fell by 7% for screw cap and 19% for synthetic cork. The levels of SBMP (which is thought to help determine aroma) rose in all the bottled wine, but fell in that kept in cartons. The results were similar for both types of grape.他们发表在《农业和食品化学期刊》上的报告称，在本研究结束时，利乐包装葡萄酒的三类不同烷基-甲氧基吡嗪，IBMP、IPMP和SBMP，分别下降了45%、32%和26%。而对于瓶装葡萄酒，产生甜辣椒味的IBMP含量没像利乐包装葡萄酒那样下降很多：合成软木塞下降37%，螺旋盖子36%，和天然软木塞31%。至于产生嫩豌豆味或者土味的IPMP含量，螺旋盖子和合成软木塞分别下降了7%和19%，天然软木塞却增加了2-3%。至于认为决定芳香度的SBMP在瓶装葡萄酒中的含量普遍增加，而在利乐包中的含量下降。这两类葡萄的结果相似。Why the cartons have this effect is not entirely understood, but Dr Pickering speculates that the wine may be seeping through the inner polythene layers and making contact with the aluminium layer beyond. He suggests that the alkyl-methoxypyrazine molecules may be sticking to the aluminium and thus being segregated from the wine. If his theory is correct, fiddling with the composition of box interiors could be a good way for the wine industry to control the concentration of unpleasant chemicals.为何利乐包有如此效果呢？现在还不能完全得知，但皮可林推测，葡萄酒可能经由利乐包内的聚乙烯层渗透到铝箔层，使烷基-甲氧基吡嗪分子被铝箔层吸附，从而与酒分离。如果他的理论正确，通过变包装的内层成分来控制令人不悦化学物质浓度，对于葡萄酒业而言是一个好方法。Cartons might thus assume an important role in the wine market. They could be ideal for storing wines that are inclined to be high in alkyl-methoxypyrazines but will be drunk relatively soon after purchase, before oxidation can become a significant problem. For grand wines, however, bottles with natural corks are likely to remain the packaging of choice.因此，利乐包可能在葡萄酒市场上成为重要的角色。对于那些烷基-甲氧基吡嗪含量高且会在购买后很快被饮用的葡萄酒，利用利乐包很合适，因为氧化作用不会成为明显的问题。但对于高级葡萄酒，带有天然软木塞的玻璃瓶可能仍是其首选。