Chapter 10 Method of Reasoning & Flaw in the Reasoning Question（**做到Method and Flaw 题目是高分的表现）
1.Method of Reasoning questions Method of Reasoning questions require you to select the answer choice that best describes the method used by the author to make the argument. Structurally, Method of Reasoning questions are simply abstract Must Be True questions: instead of identifying the facts of the argument, you must identify the logic organization of the argument.
2.As part of the first family of questions (1)you can use only the imformation in the stimulus to prove the correct answer choice (2)Any answer choice that describles an element or a situation that does not occur in the stimulus is incorrect 1)只能用原文当中出现的信息去确认正确选项 2)任何出现在原文中未提到的元素的选项都是错的
3.Question stem features The method of the argument is to The argument proceeds by The argument derives its conclusion by Which of the following describes the technique of reasoning Which of the following is an argumentative strategy employed in this argument
4.Flaw in the Reasoning questions Flaw in the Reasoning questions are exactly the same as Method of Reasoning questions with the important exception that the question stem indicates that the reasoning stem indicates that the reasoning in the stimulus is flawed.
To indentify the right answer choice, carefully consider the reasoning used in the stimulus. The correct answer will identify the error in the author’s reasoning and then describe that error in general terms. Beware of answers that describe a portion of the stimulus but fail to identify the error in the reasoning.
5.Flaw in The Reasoning Question/Method of Reasoning Question 解法
(1)Prehasing in Method& Flaw Questions 预判整个题干中的logical organization When prephasing in Method and Flaw questions, you may understand the details of the stimulus but not understand the structure of the argument. Thus, each answer may sound implausible since they are related primarily to the logical construction of the argument. Therefore, you must think about the structure of the argument before examining the answer choices. (2)TheFact Test in Method& Flaw QuestionsFact Test: If an answer choice describes an event that did not occur in the stimulus, then the answer is incorrect. The test maker will try to entice you by creating incorrect answer choices that contain elements that did not occur, and you must avoid those answers and select the answer choice that describes what occurred in the stimulus. Watch out for answers that are partially true—that is, answers that contain a description of something that happened in the argument but that also contain additional things that did not occur. Method and Flaw难在表达抽象。在看选项之前，要先对原文的推理结构有一个大致概念。然后分别检查每个选项是否符合此概念。检查的唯一方法是到原文中找相应内容。如果原文中找不到相对应之处，则排除。
6.Incorrect Answers in Method and Flaw Questions ”New” Element Answers Because correct Method of Reasoning answers must be based on elements of the stimulus, an answer that describes something that did not occur or describes an element new to the argument cannot be correct. All of the wrong answer choices described below are simply very specific variations on the theme. Half right, Half wrong Answers The rule for these answers is that half wrong equals all wrong. Exaggerated Answers Exaggerated Answers state a situation from the stimulus and stretch that situation to make an extreme statement that is not supported by the stimulus. Be careful, though! Just because an answer choice contains extreme language does not mean that the answer is incorrect.
The Opposite Answer The Reversed Answer
7.Method of Reasoning- Bolded Argument Part Questions (1) In method-AP questions,the question stem cites a specific portion or portions of the stimulus and then asks you to identify the role the cited portion plays in the structure of the argument or about the role the two portions play in relation to each other (2)The answers in each problem then describe the structural role of the citation,ofen using terms you are already familiar with such as "premise” “assumption”and "conclusion"
(3)The stimuli that accompany Method-AP Questions tend to be more complex than the average GMAT stimulus. Some problems feature two conclusions (one is the main conclusion, the other is a subsidiary conclusion), and often the stimulus includes two different viewpoints or the use of counter-premises. Thus, the ability to identify argument parts using indicator words is important.
(4)A Common Wrong Answer One tricky used by the test makers in Method-AP questions is to create wrong answers that describe parts of the argument other than the part named in the question stem. These answers are particularly attractive because they do describe a part of the argument, just not the part referenced in the question stem. Before proceeding the answer choices, make sure you know exactly what parts of the argument you are being asked about.
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发表于 2012-2-1 18:32:14
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