暂时停止更新~suri的gmat之旅，加油加油~~~~

Suri在奋斗

真精彩！看了同样收获很大啊！suri加油啊~

40. GWD26-Q40
The computer company’s present troubles are a result of technological stagnation, marketing missteps, and managerial blunders so that several attempts to revise corporate strategies have failed to correct it.

A.    so that several attempts to revise corporate strategies have failed to correct it.
B.    so that several attempts at revising corporate strategies have failed to correct.
C.    in that several attempts at revising corporate strategies have failed to correct them.
D.    that several attempts to revise corporate strategies have failed to correct.
E.    that several attempts at revising corporate strategies have failed to correct them
这道题选D
我做的时候是根据，代词放在最后可能出现指代不清的歧义，快速排掉了A,C,E在B和D中选了D
搜了解释，各种说法，最后终于找到了这道题的官方出处，og12语文分册84题
看了og的解释，才发现我想的是完全错误的
是个好题目
that在这里是做定语来修饰那三个原因的
a result of （X，Y and Z )that·····
所以，it ,them 统统错误，因为在这里就如og 说的that 指代三个原因做了correct的宾语 ,
而不是之前有人讨论的是 that引导了一个结果状语，尽管that可以引导结果状语（that也可以等于so that)
我也一度以为是结果状语
是定语从句~！！！




还有关于to do 和 for doing这两个点也在一个帖子上弄懂了
今天做的一道关于to do的选的和gwd的答案一样，事实证明这个是错的
多读外文报纸的好处还是好多的
17. GWD-26-Q17
Responding to the public’s fascination with-and sometimes undue alarm over-possible threats from asteroids, a scale developed by astronomers rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet may collide with Earth.

A.    a scale developed by astronomers rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet may
B.    a scale that astronomers have developed rates how likely it is for a particular asteroid or comet to
C.    astronomers have developed a scale to rate how likely a particular asteroid or comet will be to
D.    astronomers have developed a scale for rating the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet will
E.    astronomers have developed a scale that rates the likelihood of a particular asteroid or comet that may

我选的是C ，gwd也是C
但是正确答案是D
有大牛找到了Nytimes上的原文

http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E03E6DF1E3EF934A15754C0A96F958260

To help deal with public fascination -- and sometimes undue alarm -- about possible threats from asteroids, astronomers have adopted a scale that rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet will collide with Earth.


又看到一个大牛的解释，茅塞顿开
http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-231776-3-1.html   20楼
这位大牛这么总结的


首先，C中rate的逻辑主语是astronomers，D中rate逻辑主语是scale。后者更加符合本句的逻辑意思。

另外，从C选项中我跟本不知道这个scale是干什么用的，只知道astronomers develop这个动作的目的(in order to)是rate sth.。可以这样理解，scale这个重要的名词在C选项中被废掉了。
而D选项清楚地表达了这个scale的功能，即a scale that can rate the likelihood。且D中没有用法错误。


To do修饰动词，逻辑主语是to do所修饰动作的发出者
For doing修饰名词，逻辑主语是for doing所修饰的名词
在没有确定句子本意判断逻辑主语的前提下，不能简单说谁优于谁。

类比例子：GWD-18-Q19
New genetic evidence—together with recent studies of elephants’ skeletons, tusks, and other anatomical features—provide compelling support for classifying Africa’s forest elephants and its savanna elephants as separate species.

A.    provide compelling support for classifying
B.    provide compelling support for the classification of
C.    provides compelling support to the classification of
D.    provides compelling support for classifying
E.    provides compelling support to classify

大家还记得这道题吗？正确答案是D，这里同样没有用to do，因为evidence作classify的逻辑主语不合适，其逻辑主语应该是compelling support，所以C比D好。

所以，以后遇到A develop/provide B 后面接to do还是for doing，判断依据就是do/doing的逻辑主语到底应该是谁。如果应是动作发出者A则用to do；如果是名词B则用for doing



而这位大牛举得support的例子，我记得昨天还是前天做错了
选的to do
而看ron的解释是说support后面接名词比较好
但是还是不能让人完全信服，找了manhattan第九章的idiom也没找到关于support的具体用法
而今天看这个大牛的帖子真的觉得讲的太好了


而今天看这两道题目收获是很大~~

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/3/15 22:54:35)

-- by 会员 livia2012 (2012/3/15 23:22:12)

多读英文杂志，今天看到的另外一题，gwd的回忆应该有些小偏差，看到句子的出处就明白正确答案了

36. GWD-23-Q41
Using a criterion based on an object’s color, astronomers recently identified 23 galaxies so distant from Earth that their light has taken 85 percent of the age of the universe to reach us.



A.astronomers recently identified 23 galaxies so distant from Earth that their light has taken

B.astronomers recently identified 23 galaxies that were sodistant from Earth for their light to take

C.astronomers recently identified 23 galaxies to be so distant from Earth such that their light takes

D.23 galaxies were recently identified by astronomers to be so distant from Earth for their light to take

E.23 galaxies were recently identified by astronomers as so distant from Earth their light has taken

在A和B中也纠结过A的时态，但是总觉得so that好多了
找到句子的出处后，A的时态就说得通了



Using a criterion based on an object's color, researchers early this year announced that they had identified 23 galaxies so distant from Earth that their light has taken 85 percent of the age of the universe to reach us

http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1200/is_n11_v150/ai_18707115/

Suri在奋斗

今天早上起来背作文的模板
九点半的时候开始看sc，结合着baby姐姐以前给的manhattan blog和自己的笔记，加上正确句子
但还是速度太慢了，提速提速
11点45到12点45午睡
13点半做数学prep，没对答案
然后做了gwd17
上课吃饭
回来7点半，就看gwd语法和逻辑和逻辑错题到现在
数学jj没看
明天就更专心点了，看数学jj~!!

babybearmm

小狗狗正确率很高啊~~真强大

这题我似乎在语法板上讨论过，我的方法还是从逻辑出发——
A.    ...they had spent nearly six hours a week        on what?
读到这里我就想问"on what?" 不清楚，所以这表达不符合effective标准，排除。
同理，C也是没有"on what?"
D. ...compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997
What is "a figure"? It is undefined. We do not know.
这就只剩下B,E了，这两项用的是"that figure"，就很清晰。但E的v-ing存在严重问题，所以就B了。
另外，B的时态perfect，就该用had grown. Ron说过，verb tense is especially difficult for non-native speakers to master. So do NOT use verb tense as a cutting-rule, unless you are absolutely sure about it.

gwd 17套
sc 16/19    20,37，17
cr   6/9     4,10,31
rc   9/13    7,8,27,32

20. GWD26-Q20
In 1981 children in the United States spent an average of slightly less than two and a half hours a week doing household chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hours a week.

A.    chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hours a week
B.    chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly six hours a week
C.    chores, whereas nearly six hours a week were spent in 1997
D.    chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997
E.    chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997
选的是c，答案是B
B的时态问题，一上来就排除了呀

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/3/15 16:29:30)

babybearmm

这题或者类似一题当初我也错了，所以印象特深。我的日记贴里面有。
其实是OG Verbal 2nd第10X题的翻版，那道题好像是"..., its molecules prevented from evaporating"
完全是一个模子出来的题目，考点是absolute phrase，从grammar/meaning两方面去理解。

37. GWD26-Q37
Sound can travel through water for enormous distances, prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of boundaries in the ocean created by water layers of different temperatures and densities.

A.    prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of
B.    prevented from having its acoustic energy dissipated by
C.    its acoustic energy prevented from dissipating by
D.    its acoustic energy prevented from being dissipated as a result of
E.    preventing its acoustic energy from dissipating by

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/3/15 16:45:35)

babybearmm

A?
题目的logic flow:
help --> endo --> well-being --> live long
综上，得出causal relationship: help --> live long
然后由一个data反映的是correlation: help ~ live long
题目问我们： how can we explain the correlation WITHOUT referring to the causal relationship?
(A). There is a 3rd factor that leads to the two!
Here the "3rd factor" is women:
Women --> help
Women --> live long
Therefore we can explain: help ~ live long

这个是我之前总结过的，correlation vs. causal relation
CR经常玩这种逻辑游戏。要关注3种思路：
1. Just a coincidence?
2. Reversed?
3. A 3rd factor simultaneously leads to the two?

31. GWD26-Q31

Which of the following most logically completes the argument?

When people engage in activities that help others,their brain releases endorphins, the brain’s natural opiates, which induce in people a feeling of well-being. It has been suggested that regular release of endorphins increases people’s longevity. And a statistic on adults who regularly engage in volunteer work helping others shows that they live longer, on average, than adults who do not volunteer. However, that statistic would be what we would expect even if volunteering does not boost longevity, because.

A.in the communities studied, women were much more likely to do regular volunteer work than men were, and women tend to live longer than men do.

B.the number of young adults who do regular volunteer work is on the increase

C.the feelings of well-being induced by endorphins can, at least for a time, mask the symptoms of various conditions and diseases, provided the symptoms are mild.

D.it is rare for a person to keep up a regular schedule of volunteer work throughout his or her life.

E.Some people find that keeping a commitment to do regular volunteer work becomes a source of stress in their lives.

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/3/15 16:49:30)

babybearmm

Nice job! Thanks suri, I've learnt a lot.

However, I disagree with that NN.
See Ron's lecture on Feb.16, 2012
http://www.manhattangmat.com/thursdays-with-ron.cfm
For those of you who cannot get access, I attach the whiteboard records.

From that lecture, I have learned that the -ing form is appropriate when:
1. personalized (i.e. the person performing the action is mentioned as the subject)
OR
2. process-oriented (i.e. the focus is on the step/process itself)

Same principle can apply to the "genetic evidence" question
http://www.beatthegmat.com/gmat-prep-sc-new-genetic-evidence-t65000.html

Also see below from Payal @ e-gmat

To Verb = is used to state specific intent.
For verb-ing = is not used to state an intent.
Now lets take the first sentence in your post:
1:  New genetic evidence provides support for classifying abc.
2:  New genetic evidence has been collected to classify abc.

Sentence 1 implies that new genetic evidence was collected and after analysis it appears to provide support for abc.
Sentence 2 implies that the purpose of collecting new genetic evidence is to classify abc.  This sentence shows the direct intent and hence the use of "to verb".

http://www.beatthegmat.com/to-do-vs-for-doing-help-pls-t27493.html

So back to the "developed a scale" problem, my take is that both "to rate" and "for rating" are fine. The only reason that C is inferior is the use of "how likely", as Ron pointed out here
http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/responding-to-the-public-s-fascination-with-and-sometimes-t8246.html

"首先，C中rate的逻辑主语是astronomers，D中rate逻辑主语是scale。后者更加符合本句的逻辑意思。"
I disagree. In D, the action of "rating" is also done by people. The scale is just something people use to rate, or use for rating.

"另外，从C选项中我跟本不知道这个scale是干什么用的，只知道astronomers develop这个动作的目的(in order to)是rate sth.。可以这样理解，scale这个重要的名词在C选项中被废掉了。"
I don't understand this....

"To do修饰动词，逻辑主语是to do所修饰动作的发出者
For doing修饰名词，逻辑主语是for doing所修饰的名词"
I disagree. See my above note and refer to Ron's lecture recording (as attached)

Open to discussion.

还有关于to do 和 for doing这两个点也在一个帖子上弄懂了
今天做的一道关于to do的选的和gwd的答案一样，事实证明这个是错的
多读外文报纸的好处还是好多的
17. GWD-26-Q17
Responding to the public’s fascination with-and sometimes undue alarm over-possible threats from asteroids, a scale developed by astronomers rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet may collide with Earth.

A.    a scale developed by astronomers rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet may
B.    a scale that astronomers have developed rates how likely it is for a particular asteroid or comet to
C.    astronomers have developed a scale to rate how likely a particular asteroid or comet will be to
D.    astronomers have developed a scale for rating the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet will
E.    astronomers have developed a scale that rates the likelihood of a particular asteroid or comet that may

我选的是C ，gwd也是C
但是正确答案是D
有大牛找到了Nytimes上的原文

http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E03E6DF1E3EF934A15754C0A96F958260

To help deal with public fascination -- and sometimes undue alarm -- about possible threats from asteroids, astronomers have adopted a scale that rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet will collide with Earth.

又看到一个大牛的解释，茅塞顿开
http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-231776-3-1.html   20楼
这位大牛这么总结的
首先，C中rate的逻辑主语是astronomers，D中rate逻辑主语是scale。后者更加符合本句的逻辑意思。
另外，从C选项中我跟本不知道这个scale是干什么用的，只知道astronomers develop这个动作的目的(in order to)是rate sth.。可以这样理解，scale这个重要的名词在C选项中被废掉了。
而D选项清楚地表达了这个scale的功能，即a scale that can rate the likelihood。且D中没有用法错误。

To do修饰动词，逻辑主语是to do所修饰动作的发出者
For doing修饰名词，逻辑主语是for doing所修饰的名词
在没有确定句子本意判断逻辑主语的前提下，不能简单说谁优于谁。

类比例子：GWD-18-Q19
New genetic evidence—together with recent studies of elephants’ skeletons, tusks, and other anatomical features—provide compelling support for classifying Africa’s forest elephants and its savanna elephants as separate species.

A.    provide compelling support for classifying
B.    provide compelling support for the classification of
C.    provides compelling support to the classification of
D.    provides compelling support for classifying
E.    provides compelling support to classify

大家还记得这道题吗？正确答案是D，这里同样没有用to do，因为evidence作classify的逻辑主语不合适，其逻辑主语应该是compelling support，所以C比D好。

所以，以后遇到A develop/provide B 后面接to do还是for doing，判断依据就是do/doing的逻辑主语到底应该是谁。如果应是动作发出者A则用to do；如果是名词B则用for doing


而这位大牛举得support的例子，我记得昨天还是前天做错了
选的to do
而看ron的解释是说support后面接名词比较好
但是还是不能让人完全信服，找了manhattan第九章的idiom也没找到关于support的具体用法
而今天看这个大牛的帖子真的觉得讲的太好了

而今天看这两道题目收获是很大~~

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/3/15 22:54:35)

babybearmm

Regarding the subject of the verb "rate", both are fine:

1. the subject could be people:
The following are representative examples I found through googling:
On a scale from 0 to 10, IR scholars rate the two countries
... appropriate not only because of its recency, but also because scholars rate presidents' success in ten attributes of leadership on a scale of 0 to 100.

2. the subject could be "scale"
http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E03E6DF1E3EF934A15754C0A96F958260
To help deal with public fascination -- and sometimes undue alarm -- about possible threats from asteroids, astronomers have adopted a scale that rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet will collide with Earth.

Based on above analysis, I insist on my opinion that both "scale to rate" and "scale for rating" are acceptable in this question, and the reason we choose D is, as Ron said, C is informally unacceptable.

--
For the "genetic evidence" question, I second Payal's opinion:
this genetic evidence is NOT intended to support the classification; rather it happens to support the classification.

This scenario is very common in science. For example, a physicist published his result to support a theory in physics. But a chemist saw it, and yelled "WOW!! This data is helpful to my study in chemistry! This data helps me classify ....."

So we say "The data provides support for classifying ...."
We do NOT say "The data has been collected to classify ..."

However, we say "The data has been collected to prove the physical theory."
We do NOT say "The data provides support for proving the physical theory."
The reason is - the data is intended to support the physical theory.

-This is the deal how we distinguish between "to do" and "for doing".
Again, MEANING-BASED, not grammar-based (both structures are grammatically acceptable)

Nice job! Thanks suri, I've learnt a lot.

However, I disagree with that NN.
See Ron's lecture on Feb.16, 2012
http://www.manhattangmat.com/thursdays-with-ron.cfm
For those of you who cannot get access, I attach the whiteboard records.

From that lecture, I have learned that the -ing form is appropriate when:
1. personalized (i.e. the person performing the action is mentioned as the subject)
OR
2. process-oriented (i.e. the focus is on the step/process itself)

Same principle can apply to the "genetic evidence" question
http://www.beatthegmat.com/gmat-prep-sc-new-genetic-evidence-t65000.html

Also see below from Payal @ e-gmat

To Verb = is used to state specific intent.
For verb-ing = is not used to state an intent.
Now lets take the first sentence in your post:
1:  New genetic evidence provides support for classifying abc.
2:  New genetic evidence has been collected to classify abc.

Sentence 1 implies that new genetic evidence was collected and after analysis it appears to provide support for abc.
Sentence 2 implies that the purpose of collecting new genetic evidence is to classify abc.  This sentence shows the direct intent and hence the use of "to verb".

http://www.beatthegmat.com/to-do-vs-for-doing-help-pls-t27493.html

So back to the "developed a scale" problem, my take is that both "to rate" and "for rating" are fine. The only reason that C is inferior is the use of "how likely", as Ron pointed out here
http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/responding-to-the-public-s-fascination-with-and-sometimes-t8246.html

"首先，C中rate的逻辑主语是astronomers，D中rate逻辑主语是scale。后者更加符合本句的逻辑意思。"
I disagree. In D, the action of "rating" is also done by people. The scale is just something people use to rate, or use for rating.

"另外，从C选项中我跟本不知道这个scale是干什么用的，只知道astronomers develop这个动作的目的(in order to)是rate sth.。可以这样理解，scale这个重要的名词在C选项中被废掉了。"
I don't understand this....

"To do修饰动词，逻辑主语是to do所修饰动作的发出者
For doing修饰名词，逻辑主语是for doing所修饰的名词"
I disagree. See my above note and refer to Ron's lecture recording (as attached)

Open to discussion.

还有关于to do 和 for doing这两个点也在一个帖子上弄懂了
今天做的一道关于to do的选的和gwd的答案一样，事实证明这个是错的
多读外文报纸的好处还是好多的
17. GWD-26-Q17
Responding to the public’s fascination with-and sometimes undue alarm over-possible threats from asteroids, a scale developed by astronomers rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet may collide with Earth.

A.    a scale developed by astronomers rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet may
B.    a scale that astronomers have developed rates how likely it is for a particular asteroid or comet to
C.    astronomers have developed a scale to rate how likely a particular asteroid or comet will be to
D.    astronomers have developed a scale for rating the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet will
E.    astronomers have developed a scale that rates the likelihood of a particular asteroid or comet that may

我选的是C ，gwd也是C
但是正确答案是D
有大牛找到了Nytimes上的原文

http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E03E6DF1E3EF934A15754C0A96F958260

To help deal with public fascination -- and sometimes undue alarm -- about possible threats from asteroids, astronomers have adopted a scale that rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet will collide with Earth.

又看到一个大牛的解释，茅塞顿开
http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-231776-3-1.html   20楼
这位大牛这么总结的
首先，C中rate的逻辑主语是astronomers，D中rate逻辑主语是scale。后者更加符合本句的逻辑意思。
另外，从C选项中我跟本不知道这个scale是干什么用的，只知道astronomers develop这个动作的目的(in order to)是rate sth.。可以这样理解，scale这个重要的名词在C选项中被废掉了。
而D选项清楚地表达了这个scale的功能，即a scale that can rate the likelihood。且D中没有用法错误。

To do修饰动词，逻辑主语是to do所修饰动作的发出者
For doing修饰名词，逻辑主语是for doing所修饰的名词
在没有确定句子本意判断逻辑主语的前提下，不能简单说谁优于谁。

类比例子：GWD-18-Q19
New genetic evidence—together with recent studies of elephants’ skeletons, tusks, and other anatomical features—provide compelling support for classifying Africa’s forest elephants and its savanna elephants as separate species.

A.    provide compelling support for classifying
B.    provide compelling support for the classification of
C.    provides compelling support to the classification of
D.    provides compelling support for classifying
E.    provides compelling support to classify

大家还记得这道题吗？正确答案是D，这里同样没有用to do，因为evidence作classify的逻辑主语不合适，其逻辑主语应该是compelling support，所以C比D好。

所以，以后遇到A develop/provide B 后面接to do还是for doing，判断依据就是do/doing的逻辑主语到底应该是谁。如果应是动作发出者A则用to do；如果是名词B则用for doing


而这位大牛举得support的例子，我记得昨天还是前天做错了
选的to do
而看ron的解释是说support后面接名词比较好
但是还是不能让人完全信服，找了manhattan第九章的idiom也没找到关于support的具体用法
而今天看这个大牛的帖子真的觉得讲的太好了

而今天看这两道题目收获是很大~~

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/3/15 22:54:35)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/3/16 7:10:31)

babybearmm

读英文杂志是有用啊，好多活生生的SC案例~~
这个has taken没错啊，想象句子的意思，就明白了
另外Ron一再强调，verb tense优先级很靠后，特别是对于non-native speakers，如果用来做唯一判据，经常自以为是地出错。
我觉得你标的b的"so... for..."找得很准，另外"that were"也有问题：
1. were时态错
2. "that be"通常要去掉，直接跟noun modifier (participle) 就可以了，所以直接说"galaxies so distant from ..."

多读英文杂志，今天看到的另外一题，gwd的回忆应该有些小偏差，看到句子的出处就明白正确答案了

36. GWD-23-Q41
Using a criterion based on an object’s color, astronomers recently identified 23 galaxies so distant from Earth that their light has taken 85 percent of the age of the universe to reach us.

A.astronomers recently identified 23 galaxies so distant from Earth that their light has taken

B.astronomers recently identified 23 galaxies that were sodistant from Earth for their light to take

C.astronomers recently identified 23 galaxies to be so distant from Earth such that their light takes

D.23 galaxies were recently identified by astronomers to be so distant from Earth for their light to take

E.23 galaxies were recently identified by astronomers as so distant from Earth their light has taken

在A和B中也纠结过A的时态，但是总觉得so that好多了
找到句子的出处后，A的时态就说得通了

Using a criterion based on an object's color, researchers early this year announced that they had identified 23 galaxies so distant from Earth that their light has taken 85 percent of the age of the universe to reach us

http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1200/is_n11_v150/ai_18707115/

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/3/16 0:01:07)

Suri在奋斗

关于C选项，能不能理解为是一个倒装呢
astronomers have developed a scale to rate how likely a particular asteroid or comet will be to
A particular asteriod or comet will be likely to do sth
所以科学家想去测试是如何碰撞
rate how a particular asteriod or comet will be to
后面的will be to 其实不是连在一起的
这样想的话，C就觉得没错误了~~



看了下manhattan关于Ving 和To do 的解释

When To Use Which Verbal or Verb
You should note the differences between using a present participle and using an infinitive at
the end of a sentence.
Present Participle:Investors sold the stock rapidly, CAUSING panic
Infinitive:Investors sold the stock rapidly TO CAUSE panic

Here, the present participle expresses a result: the rapid sale of the stock caused panic.
However, with the present participle, we know nothing about intention. The investors may
have wanted to cause panic, or panic may simply have occurred unintentionally.
In contrast, the infinitive here expresses intention: the investors wanted to cause panic.
However, with the infinitive, we know nothing about milk. Panic mayor may not have
actually occurred. If there is no deliberate intention (e.g., the subject is an inanimate
object), then you should generally prefer the participle -ing over the infinitive. This is a rule
of thumb: water droplets freeze to form snow is acceptable, although there is no intention.
You should also recognize the subtle differences between using a present participle (or a relative
clause) and using an infinitive to modify a noun. Consider the following correct examples
and their meaning:
Present Participle:A technique ALLEVIATING pain is growing popular
Relative Clause:A technique THAT ALLEVIATES pain is growing popular.

Both of these examples indicate that the technique itself alleviates pain. In other words, technique is meant to be the subject of the action alleviate. Now consider the following example, which is also correct but slightly different.
Infinitive: A technique TO ALLEVIATE pain is growing popular.
This sentence means that you(or someone else) can alleviate pain by means of this technique.

In other words, technique is not meant to be the subject of the action alleviate.
Often, when you modify a noun with an infinitive, that noun is not the implied subject of
the infinitive. For instance, in the sentence There is a book to read, the modified noun (book)
is the intended object of the reading. The book will not read; someone will read the book.

In some circumstances, the difference in meaning is substantial:
Unlikely: A plan CONQUERING the world is in his files.
Unlikely: A plan THAT WILL CONQUER the world is in his files.
Probable: A plan TO CONQUER the world is in his files.


In the examples above, the author probably intends to say that the plan is a means by which someone can conquer or will try to conquer the world. It is unlikely that the plan iI&If is actually conquering the world or will conquer the world. Thus, we should use the infinitive.

对于to do说的很明确
Often, when you modify a noun with an infinitive, that noun is not the implied subject of
the infinitive
To do修饰动词，逻辑主语是to do所修饰动作的发出者
Evidences····provide support to do sth
逻辑主语变成了to do 修饰的provide这个动作的发出者
就是evidences classyfy ···所以不对呢

这个点昨天是越想越不通了，现在觉得自己的一些知识点都是很零碎的，没有系统归纳~~

Suri在奋斗

题目的logic flow:
help --> endo --> well-being --> live long
综上，得出causal relationship: help --> live long
然后由一个data反映的是correlation: help ~ live long
题目问我们： how can we explain the correlation WITHOUT referring to the causal relationship?
(A). There is a 3rd factor that leads to the two!
Here the "3rd factor" is women:
Women --> help
Women --> live long
Therefore we can explain: help ~ live long

这个是我之前总结过的，correlation vs. causal relation
CR经常玩这种逻辑游戏。要关注3种思路：
1. Just a coincidence?
2. Reversed?
3. A 3rd factor simultaneously leads to the two?

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