【每日逻辑练习第二季】【2-1】

MIA926

20151003 CR小分队
【精练】

2. Statistician: A financial magazine claimed that its
survey of its subscribers showed that North
Americans are more concerned about their
personal finances than about politics. One
question was: “Which do you think about
more: politics or the joy of earning money?”
This question is clearly biased. Also, the readers
of the magazine are a self-selecting sample.
Thus, there is reason to be skeptical about the
conclusion drawn in the magazine’s survey.
计时：24.37s
逻辑链：一个杂志就人们对政治和自身财务状况关心程度展开了调查，但是作者认为这个调查结果不准确，因为sample是杂志自己选的
Each of the following, if true, would strengthen the
statistician’s argument EXCEPT:
(A) The credibility of the magazine has been called
into question on a number of occasions. 加强 以前就不准确过很多次
(B) The conclusions drawn in most magazine
surveys have eventually been disproved. 加强 杂志的结论一般都不准确
(C) Other surveys suggest that North Americans are
just as concerned about politics as they are
about finances. 加强 提出一个和杂志结果相反的调查
(D) There is reason to be skeptical about the results
of surveys that are biased and
unrepresentative. 加强 加强统计学家对调查结果的怀疑是正确的
(E) Other surveys suggest that North Americans are
concerned not only with politics and
finances, but also with social issues.  无关… 正确答案


【逻辑链】

9. (24497-!-item-!-188;#058&001429)
Beta Corporation claims that it no longer has enough work for the 60 computer data-entry workers that it is laying off.  These workers have heard, however, that the company is buying 100 new computers.  So the workers concluded that the company's real reason for laying them off is to fill their jobs with lower-paid workers.
逻辑：公司说没有活给录信息的人，所以解雇员工；但员工说公司新买了100台电脑，所以解雇他们是为了雇佣低薪员工
推测：要给出一个可以解释为什么买了电脑但是没有活的选项
Which of the following, if true, would most undermine the workers' conclusion?
(A) Most of the workers being laid off know how to enter data on a number of different computer systems. 加强worker观点，错误
(B) Orders for almost all of Beta Corporation products have increased over the past year. 无关
(C) A recent memorandum from the president of Beta Corporation requested that all data generated by the company be stored in computerized form. 加强worker观点，错误
(D) Beta Corporation's computer data-entry workers are more experienced and hence more highly paid than people doing comparable work in other companies. 加强worker观点/无关
(E) Beta Corporation's new computers will allow its current management and sales staff to perform many of the tasks that the data-entry workers were previously doing. 正确，这些worker的工作别人可以干，所以就解雇他们了
10. (24867-!-item-!-188;#058&001810)
Which of the following most logically completes the passage? Assumption
For the past several years, a certain technology has been widely used to transmit data among networked computers.  Recently two data transmission companies, Aptron and Gammatech, have each developed separate systems that allow network data transmission at rates ten times faster than the current technology allows.  Although the systems are similarly priced and are equally easy to use, Aptron's product is likely to dominate the market, because __________.
逻辑链：BG，AG两公司技术都比现有技术好，而且价格相近，都易使用，但是为什么A公司产品会占领市场？
推测：除了排除的两个原因外，给一个A比G好的理由
(A) Gammatech has been in the business of designing data transmission systems for several years more than Aptron has 削弱
(B) the number of small businesses that need computer networking systems is likely to double over the next few years 无关
(C) it is much more likely that Gammatech's system will be expandable to meet future needs 削弱
(D) unlike many data transmission companies, Aptron and Gammatech develop computers in addition to data transmission systems 无关
(E) it is easier for users of the current data transmission technology to switch to Aptron's product than to Gammatech's 正确

11. (24915-!-item-!-188;#058&001837)
Radio stations with radio data system (RDS) technology broadcast special program information that only radios with an RDS feature can receive.  Between 1994 and 1996, the number of RDS radio stations in Verdland increased from 250 to 600.  However, since the number of RDS-equipped radios in Verdland was about the same in 1996 as in 1994, the number of Verdlanders receiving the special program information probably did not increase significantly.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
逻辑链：BG，RDS station increased, but since RDS radios remain the same, people will receive special programs did not increase.
推测：可能原来有RDS radio 的人收不到，station原来覆盖不到，补gap
(A) Few if any of the RDS radio stations that began broadcasting in Verdland after 1994 broadcast to people with RDS-equipped radios living in areas not previously reached by RDS stations. 正确
(B) In 1996 most Verdlanders who lived within the listening area of an RDS station already had a radio equipped to receive RDS. 削弱
(C) Equipping a radio station with RDS technology does not decrease the station's listening area. 无关
(D) In 1996 Verdlanders who did not own radios equipped to receive RDS could not receive any programming from the RDS radio stations that began broadcasting in Verdland after 1994. 无关
(E) The RDS radio stations in Verdland in 1996 did not all offer the same type of programming. 无关

12. (24967-!-item-!-188;#058&001893)
Situation:  For five years the Souper restaurant chain has maintained rapid sales growth in Danport, primarily by opening new restaurants that draw patrons away from other restaurants in their vicinity.
Goal:  Souper wishes to achieve continued rapid sales growth in Danport over the next two years.
Proposal for consideration:  Continue to open new restaurants in Danport during the next two years at the same rate as in the last two years.
In light of the situation, which of the following, if true, most strongly argues that adopting the proposal would be an ineffective way of achieving the goal?
逻辑：过去五年S通过不断开心点抢顾客获得收益，接下来两年S希望还可以获得相同的收益，所以应该继续开新店
推测：错误类推，过去五年的情况和现在的情况不同，现在很多原来的点都被挤走了，剩下D自己的店，再开新店会和自己造成竞争
(A) At times at which customers find Souper restaurants too crowded, they often go to other restaurants nearby. 加强，错误
(B) The Souper chain has generally opened new restaurants in locations that are in the vicinity of a large number of other restaurants. 加强
(C) Souper restaurants generally offer a much smaller variety of foods than many of the other restaurants in their vicinity. 无关
(D) Virtually all potential sites for new Souper restaurants in Danport are located in the vicinity of existing Souper restaurants. 正确
(E) Souper restaurants have always offered meals that are somewhat less expensive than meals at restaurants that compete with Souper for patrons. 加强

蚂蚁头头

9. (24497-!-item-!-188;#058&001429)
Beta Corporation claims that it no longer has enough work for the 60 computer data-entry workers that it is laying off.  These workers have heard, however, that the company is buying 100 new computers.  So the workers concluded that the company's real reason for laying them off is to fill their jobs with lower-paid workers.
Which of the following, if true, would most undermine the workers' conclusion?
p; B lau off the worker since no enough job.
c: worker think that the reason is the wage is high


10. (24867-!-item-!-188;#058&001810)
Which of the following most logically completes the passage?
For the past several years, a certain technology has been widely used to transmit data among networked computers.  Recently two data transmission companies, Aptron and Gammatech, have each developed separate systems that allow network data transmission at rates ten times faster than the current technology allows.  Although the systems are similarly priced and are equally easy to use, Aptron's product is likely to dominate the market, because __________.

两家公司各自技术相比现在技术而言，都能使信息传送十倍以上。两家公司加个相同且易上手，但是A公司更可能主导市场



11. (24915-!-item-!-188;#058&001837)
Radio stations with radio data system (RDS) technology broadcast special program information that only radios with an RDS feature can receive.  Between 1994 and 1996, the number of RDS radio stations in Verdland increased from 250 to 600.  However, since the number of RDS-equipped radios in Verdland was about the same in 1996 as in 1994, the number of Verdlanders receiving the special program information probably did not increase significantly.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

Radio Station 增加，Radio with RDS数量没变，所以能收到信息得V人很可能不会明显增加


12. (24967-!-item-!-188;#058&001893)
Situation:  For five years the Souper restaurant chain has maintained rapid sales growth in Danport, primarily by opening new restaurants that draw patrons away from other restaurants in their vicinity.
Goal:  Souper wishes to achieve continued rapid sales growth in Danport over the next two years.
Proposal for consideration:  Continue to open new restaurants in Danport during the next two years at the same rate as in the last two years.
In light of the situation, which of the following, if true, most strongly argues that adopting the proposal would be an ineffective way of achieving the goal?

Since Souper opened new restaurants in D, its sales rapid growth.
Goal: In order to keep rapid sales it plans to open more new restaurants in D.

spencerchan

44’’
P: Based on the interview, North Americans are more concerned about their personal finances than about politics.
C: Question designed/ self-selecting sample.
A,B,C,D: Strengthen
E: CORRECT

1’03’’
P: 60 computer data-entry workers are laying off
P: Company is buying 100 new computers
C: Those laid off employees argue that the real reason is the company want hire low cost employees to replace them
Weaken: Those 100 new computers do not need workers to entry data.??
A: Irrelevant
B: Irrelevant
C: Irrelevant
D: Strengthen
E: CORRECT

47’’
P: A&G products are almost same
C: A is likely to dominate the market
Assumption: A has a unique advantage
A: Opposite
B: Irrelevant
C: Opposite
D: Irrelevant
E: CORRECT

1’12’’ 这道题看不懂，被绕进去了
P: radio stations with radio data system => special programs
P: RDS radio stations increase, but RDS-equipped radios was the same
C: special programs not increase
Assumption: other equipment cannot have RDS
A: ??
B: Irrelevant?
C: Irrelevant
D: CORRECT?
E: Irrelevant

47”
P: S restaurant opened new restaurants that draw customs aways from others=> sales boost
P: S decided to continue open new restaurants
C: Sales cannot maintain the same increased rate
Assumption: The market has been crowded
A: Irrelevant
B: Irrelevant
C: Irrelevant
D: CORRECT
E: Irrelevant

May97

T: 40S
FM: North Americans are more concerned about their personal finances than about politics.
P: Also, the readers of the magazine are a self-selecting sample.
C: Thus, there is reason to be skeptical about the conclusion drawn in the magazine’s survey.
SUPPORT EXPECT: READERS NOT EQUAL TO NORTH AMERICANS
(A) The credibility of the magazine has been called into question on a number of occasions.
(B) The conclusions drawn in most magazine surveys have eventually been disproved.
(C) Other surveys suggest that North Americans are just as concerned about politics as they are about finances.
(D) There is reason to be skeptical about the results of surveys that are biased and unrepresentative.
(E) Other surveys suggest that North Americans are concerned not only with politics and finances, but also with social issues.--->R

T: 30S
P: Beta Corporation claims that it no longer has enough work for the 60 computer data-entry workers that it is laying off.  
P: the company is buying 100 new computers.  
C: So the workers concluded that the company's real reason for laying them off is to fill their jobs with lower-paid workers.
WEAKEN: DATA IS DIRECTLY RECORDED IN THE COMPUTER.
(A) Most of the workers being laid off know how to enter data on a number of different computer systems.--->IRREVERENT
(B) Orders for almost all of Beta Corporation products have increased over the past year.--->A BIT SUPPORT
(C) A recent memorandum from the president of Beta Corporation requested that all data generated by the company be stored in computerized form.--->SUPPORT
(D) Beta Corporation's computer data-entry workers are more experienced and hence more highly paid than people doing comparable work in other companies.--->IRREVERENT
(E) Beta Corporation's new computers will allow its current management and sales staff to perform many of the tasks that the data-entry workers were previously doing.--->R

T: 33S
BG: For the past several years, a certain technology has been widely used to transmit data among networked computers.  
P: Aptron and Gammatech, have each developed separate systems that allow network data transmission at rates ten times faster than the current technology allows.
P: the systems are similarly priced and are equally easy to use,
C: Aptron's product is likely to dominate the market,
FA: AD OR SOME OTHER REASONS, RATHER THAN COST AND USE
(A) Gammatech has been in the business of designing data transmission systems for several years more than Aptron has--->IRREVERENT
(B) the number of small businesses that need computer networking systems is likely to double over the next few years--->IRREVERENT
(C) it is much more likely that Gammatech's system will be expandable to meet future needs--->IRREVERENT
(D) unlike many data transmission companies, Aptron and Gammatech develop computers in addition to data transmission systems--->IRREVERENT
(E) it is easier for users of the current data transmission technology to switch to Aptron's product than to Gammatech's--->R

T: 50S
P: Radio stations with radio data system (RDS) technology broadcast special program information that only radios with an RDS feature can receive.  
P：Between 1994 and 1996, the number of RDS radio stations in Verdland increased from 250 to 600.  
P: However, since the number of RDS-equipped radios in Verdland was about the same in 1996 as in 1994,
C: the number of Verdlanders receiving the special program information probably did not increase significantly.
FA:
(A) Few if any of the RDS radio stations that began broadcasting in Verdland after 1994 broadcast to people with RDS-equipped radios living in areas not previously reached by RDS stations.--->R
(B) In 1996 most Verdlanders who lived within the listening area of an RDS station already had a radio equipped to receive RDS.--->IRREVERENT
(C) Equipping a radio station with RDS technology does not decrease the station's listening area.--->irreverent
(D) In 1996 Verdlanders who did not own radios equipped to receive RDS could not receive any programming from the RDS radio stations that began broadcasting in Verdland after 1994.--->THE SAME AS P
(E) The RDS radio stations in Verdland in 1996 did not all offer the same type of programming.--->IIEVERENT
这题A选项有点绕。。看了半天才看明白。。因为C选项也有listening area，刚开始差点选了C

T: 46S
BG:  For five years the Souper restaurant chain has maintained rapid sales growth in Danport, primarily by opening new restaurants that draw patrons away from other restaurants in their vicinity.
C:  Souper wishes to achieve continued rapid sales growth in Danport over the next two years.
P:  Continue to open new restaurants in Danport during the next two years at the same rate as in the last two years.
WEAKEN: THE SCALE OF THE RESTAURANT REACHES PEAK
(A) At times at which customers find Souper restaurants too crowded, they often go to other restaurants nearby.--->SUPPORT
(B) The Souper chain has generally opened new restaurants in locations that are in the vicinity of a large number of other restaurants.--->IRREVERENT
(C) Souper restaurants generally offer a much smaller variety of foods than many of the other restaurants in their vicinity.--->IRREVERENT
(D) Virtually all potential sites for new Souper restaurants in Danport are located in the vicinity of existing Souper restaurants.--->R
(E) Souper restaurants have always offered meals that are somewhat less expensive than meals at restaurants that compete with Souper for patrons.--->IRREVERENT

May97

精炼
Answer choice (B): This answer attacks the integrity of magazine surveys, and
therefore supports the idea that there is reason to be skeptical of this magazine
survey. Frankly, this is a weak answer because the validity of surveys in other
magazines do not necessarily reflect on the validity of this magazine’s survey.

echo-LUO

精练一个测试结果显示，美国人比关注政治，更关注自己的经济——>这个测试不好，第一，问题提的有偏差，第二，样本限制——>所以结果并不值得参考
(A) The credibility of the magazine has been called into question on a number of occasions.
(B) The conclusions drawn in most magazine surveys have eventually been disproved.
(C) Other surveys suggest that North Americans are just as concerned about politics as they are about finances.
(D) There is reason to be skeptical about the results of surveys that are biased and unrepresentative.
(E) Other surveys suggest that North Americans are concerned not only with politics and finances, but also with social issues. 无关。

逻辑链
公司说没有工作了，所以开除了一堆电脑录入工人——>公司又买了大批电脑——>工人：才不是没有工作，只是公司想招募更便宜的工人
(A) Most of the workers being laid off know how to enter data on a number of different computer systems.
(B) Orders for almost all of Beta Corporation products have increased over the past year.
(C) A recent memorandum from the president of Beta Corporation requested that all data generated by the company be stored in computerized form.
(D) Beta Corporation's computer data-entry workers are more experienced and hence more highly paid than people doing comparable work in other companies.
(E) Beta Corporation's new computers will allow its current management and sales staff to perform many of the tasks that the data-entry workers were previously doing. 新电脑使现有的人能做被开除的人的工作，而不是换成更廉价的劳动力，成功weaken

两家数据传送公司，效率都是现有水平的十倍，价格和使用难度都相当，当a公司比g公司更能占据市场
(A) Gammatech has been in the business of designing data transmission systems for several years more than Aptron has
(B) the number of small businesses that need computer networking systems is likely to double over the next few years
(C) it is much more likely that Gammatech's system will be expandable to meet future needs
(D) unlike many data transmission companies, Aptron and Gammatech develop computers in addition to data transmission systems
(E) it is easier for users of the current data transmission technology to switch to Aptron's product than to Gammatech's. 说出了a比g优势的地方

rds广播被有rds的器材接受——>近几年rds广播站数量增加，但是rds器材没有增加——>v地的听众没有增加
(A) Few if any of the RDS radio stations that began broadcasting in Verdland after 1994 broadcast to people with RDS-equipped radios living in areas not previously reached by RDS stations. 有可能之前有rds设备的人，不在station的范围内
(B) In 1996 most Verdlanders who lived within the listening area of an RDS station already had a radio equipped to receive RDS.
(C) Equipping a radio station with RDS technology does not decrease the station's listening area.
(D) In 1996 Verdlanders who did not own radios equipped to receive RDS could not receive any programming from the RDS radio stations that began broadcasting in Verdland after 1994.
(E) The RDS radio stations in Verdland in 1996 did not all offer the same type of programming.

某店主要靠新店开张增加客流量——>为了保持后两年增长——>应该采取继续开新店的策略
A) At times at which customers find Souper restaurants too crowded, they often go to other restaurants nearby.
(B) The Souper chain has generally opened new restaurants in locations that are in the vicinity of a large number of other restaurants.
(C) Souper restaurants generally offer a much smaller variety of foods than many of the other restaurants in their vicinity.
(D) Virtually all potential sites for new Souper restaurants in Danport are located in the vicinity of existing Souper restaurants. 店铺满了
(E) Souper restaurants have always offered meals that are somewhat less expensive than meals at restaurants that compete with Souper for patrons.

云栈

1.        36s
P: 统计学家：一家金融杂志声称，对订户的调查显示，北美人更关心自己的个人理财，而不是政治。
P： 一个问题是：“您还考虑什么：政治还是赚钱的乐趣？”这个问题显然带有偏见。
P：同样，杂志的读者是一个自我选择的样本。
C： 因此，有理由怀疑该杂志的调查结论。
推测：无关选项；或者是证明问题没有biased或者是杂志读者涉及范围很广的
选项分析：E
A: 说明杂志可信度不高，调查结果不准确
B：大部分杂志的调查都不可信，间接说明这个可能也不可信
C：有其他的调查得到不一样的结果，间接说明这个杂志的结果遭到质疑
D: 补充说明如果一个调查是biased，那么就有理由质疑它
E: 与原题无关

2.        20s
P： Beta Corporation声称，对于即将解雇的60名计算机数据输入工作者来说，它的工作量不再足够。
P： 但是，这些工人听说该公司正在购买100台新计算机。
C： 因此，工人得出结论，公司解雇他们的真正原因是用低薪工人来填补他们的工作。
推测：证明买了100个电脑可能是给其他position的人换的，而不是要招新的岗位
选项分析：E

3.        22s
P: 在过去的几年中，某种技术已被广泛用于在联网计算机之间传输数据。
P：最近，两家数据传输公司Aptron和Gammatech各自开发了独立的系统，这些系统允许网络数据传输的速率比当前技术所允许的快十倍。
C：尽管这些系统的价格相似并且易于使用，但是Aptron的产品很可能会占领市场，因为__________。
推测：任何证明A比S更受众的原因；比如A的广告打得好；A的信誉高
选项分析：E

4.        40s
P: 具有无线电数据系统（RDS）技术的广播电台广播特殊节目信息，只有具有RDS功能的无线电才能接收。
P: 在1994年到1996年之间，韦德兰的RDS广播电台的数量从250个增加到600个。
C: 但是，由于1996年韦德兰配备RDS的无线电的数量与1994年大致相同，因此接受特别节目信息的韦德兰德的数量可能没有明显增加。
推测：没有更多的人聚在一起听同一个radio
选项分析：A
【这题选了D, 主要因为A太绕了没看懂。原题逻辑链没看懂。原题应该是再说station增加了，但是设备数量没增加，所以说明接受的人数没增加。A补充了gap说明，即使station增加了，但是覆盖面没有增加】

5.        1min22s
P: 状况：五年来，Souper连锁餐厅在Danport保持了快速的销售增长，主要是通过开设新餐厅来吸引顾客远离附近的其他餐厅。
P: 目标：Souper希望在未来两年内实现Danport持续快速的销售增长。
P: 供考虑的建议：未来两年继续以与过去两年相同的速度在丹波特开设新餐厅。
推测：市场对餐厅的需求量已经临近饱和
选项分析：D

Lincy123

P：样本全部为单独挑选杂志读者、问题为：你考虑政治更多还是赚钱的快乐

C：杂志的调查结果-北美人更关心钱-不可信

Weaken：读者都是北美人

A） 杂志的信用有问题 strengthen

B） 大部分杂志的结果都是假的。Strengthen

C） 别的调查说北美的人对钱和政治同样关心。无关 correct（x）

D）调查结果很可疑。Strengthen

E） 别的调查表明北美的人关心其他因素。Strengthen（x）correct

社会事务和题目无关，也没有表明北美的人更偏好什么，对argument无影响

P：公司买了100台新电脑

C：被裁的员工觉得公司就是想招更便宜的员工

Weaken：新电脑不需要人工

A） 被裁的员工知道怎么在不同电脑系统输入数据。无关

B） 订单上升。无关

C） 所有电脑产生的数据以编程模式储存，无关

D）BC公司的员工薪水更高，无关

E） 新电脑让现有员工做被裁员工做的事情。Correct

C：价格和使用容易度一样，A的产品占领市场

P：？ 可能效率、速度等

A） G更有经验，weaken

B） 同类公司数量会翻倍。无关

C） G的系统满足未来需求。Weaken

D）A和G也做电脑。无关

E） 现有用户更容易切换到A，correct

P：RDS基站增加，有RDS收音机的人数没增加

C：接受特殊节目的人数不会增加

Assumption：接收program的人和有RDS radio的人的关系，基站和人数的关系

A） 很少1994年获基站广播给有RDS收音机，之前没有接触基站的人。Correct

B） 1996年大部分住在电台接收范围的人本来就有RDS收音机

C） 有RDS技术不会降低收听范围

D）在1996年没有RDS收音机的人听不了任何广播

E） 基站没有全部提供相同的节目。无关

P：开新餐厅吸引隔壁餐厅的顾客

C：销售增长

A） 顾客觉得S餐厅太挤了，他们会去其他餐厅。无关

B） S常常把新店开在其他餐厅隔壁，无关

C） S比隔壁餐厅提供的餐点种类更少样。无关

D）所有能开新餐厅的地方都在现有的S餐厅附近。Correct

E） S的餐点更便宜。