【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-15】

baseboss

1.Take the drugs will lead to weight gain,While dieting can reduce the amount of weight gain, some weight gain is unlikely to be preventable.
Presume:
Anyway,take the drugs will lead to weight gain.

(A) A physician should not prescribe any
antidepressant drug for a patient if that
patient is overweight.
-->irrelevant
(B) People who are trying to lose weight should not
ask their doctors for an antidepressant drug.
-->irrelevant
(C) At least some patients taking antidepressant
drugs gain weight as a result of taking them.
-->correct
(D) The weight gain experienced by patients taking
antidepressant drugs should be attributed to
lack of dieting.
-->irrelevant
(E) All patients taking antidepressant drugs should
diet to maintain their weight.
-->irrelevant

2 5% unemployment level,1 out of 20 workers unemployment.If a person knows 50 workers,1 or more unemployment.
presume:
90% people know who unemployed is wrong.
D   A

3 5% unemployment level,1 out of 20 workers unemployment.If a person knows 50 workers,1 or more unemployment
presume:
base on the date distribute well
B

4 Fee is exceeded bus fare,people will choose bus rather than driving by car.
presume:
Take more time to take bus than car.People driving cost exceeded bus + fee.
B

5
presume:
1.report step by step,no skip-level report.
D

二楼往下掉

1.
（1）20s support
（2）逻辑链
Background：
Most antidepressant drugs cause weight gain
Conclusion：
While dieting can help reduce the amount of weight gained while taking such antidepressants, some weight gain is unlikely to be preventable.
（3）有很多人进行了diet但是没有lose weight的效果
（4）A：已然超重就不要开这个药了，因为有的人即使节食也不好使，但是选项中提到了any，但文中是most，loser
B：这个药会增肥，所以减肥的人不要吃这个药，contender
C：大家吃这个药都会长胖，但是有的人可以通过节食减肥，有的人不可以，而不是有的人会长胖，shell game
D：有的人diet也减不下来，所以不是缺少diet的问题，loser
E：diet不是对谁都管用，loser
所以，选B
Must be true的问题一定是充分条件，但不一定是必要条件
正确答案C，我居然干掉了A没有干掉B。。。

2.
（1）35s draw conclusion
（2）逻辑链
Facts：
<1>90% of people in the country know someone is unemployed.
<2>moderate level unemployment is 5%——其实失业率不高

3.正确答案：B
我的答案：C

4.
（1）35s weaken
（2）逻辑链
Plan：
A fee of five dollars per day on private vehicles entering the city
Goal：
Alleviate the city's traffic congestion
Reason：
The fee will exceed the cost of round-trip bus fare from many nearby points, many people will switch from using their cars to using the bus
（3）这些人可能不会转移到bus，然后骑自行车，导致交通更拥堵
（4）A：这会使得更多人选择不开车，support，loser
B：说明这收钱的政策没必要，contender
C：这政策已然不是面向本来就坐车得人，所以这些人不在讨论范围，loser
D：人们反对但是并未指出政策的问题在哪里，loser
E：这些工作日开车的人并不是造成堵车的主要因素，所以这政策本身并不能很好的缓解交通堵塞，contender
在B中虽然已经有其他政策但是不妨碍新政策也会有很好的治理堵塞的效果，所以E靠谱
正确答案：B
这B和E怎么判断，我犹豫了好半天。。。结果还是错了。。。

5.
（1）45s assumption
（2）逻辑链
Primes：
Because no employee wants to be associated with bad news in the eyes of a superior, information about serious problems at lower levels is progressively softened and distorted as it goes up each step in the management hierarchy.
Conclusion：
The chief executive is less well informed about problems at lower levels than are his or her subordinates at those levels.
（3）假设领导们得到信息都是通过一层一层传达上来的

jetyxo

1  22"  background:antidepressant drugs lead to weight gaim
           premise:dieting reduce the amount of weight gian, but some weight gain is un-preventable
          my answer: B    people who ...
          right answer: C  at least some people...
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++=
2  20" R: 90% people in the country kuow somebody who is unemployment
          S: the moderate unemloyment rate is 5%,it means if a people know baout 50 person, one or more will likely be unemploement
          conclusion from S: the unemployment rate of this country is not very high--->A
------------------------------------------------------------------
3    S' arguement rely on the assumption that:  B
--------------------------------------------------------------------
4 23"  proposal: in order to alleviate the traffic congestion, goverment should collect 5 $ per car which enters the city
         reason: 5 $ is more than the cost of taking buses
         weaken: people who use the car doesn't care about the fee / taking bus has other expenditure
        A  support, C D  E irrelevant    answer:B
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
5 23"   Premise: serious problems become sofe when they go up
          conclusion: the top executive know less serious problem than their subordinate
          assumption: there is no way except from the subordinate for executive to know more about problems of low levels
          answer

jiajiajudy

1.    remise: drugs? weight gain
Premise: dieting can help reduce the amount of weight
Some weight gain is unlikely to be preventable
irrelevant
(B) irrelevant
(C) irrelevant
(D) irrelevant
(E) All patients taking antidepressant drugs should diet to maintain their weight.
2.    R:90% know someone who is unemployed
S: unemployment is 5%
The fact that 90% of the people know someone who is unemployed is not an indication that unemployment is abnormally high.
(B) irrelevant
(C) irrelevant
(D) irrelevant
(E) irrelevant
3.
irrelevant
(B) unemployment is not normally concentrated in geographically isolated segments of the population
(C) irrelevant
(D) irrelevant
(E) irrelevant
4.BG: a fee on private vehicles entering the city?alleviate traffic congestion
Premise fee exceed the cost of round-trip bus, many people will turn to bus
Not strong enough
(B) The cost of parking fees already makes it considerably more expensive for most people to take a private vehicle into the city than to take a bus.
(C) irrelevant
(D) weaken
(E) irrelevant
5. Premise: no employee wants to be associated with bad news? information  at lower levels is softened
Conclusion: chief less informed at lower levels than his subordinates at those levels
(A) irrelevant
(B) irrelevant
(C) irrelevant
(D) chief executives obtain information about problems at lower levels from no source other than their subordinates
(E) irrelevant

cleotina

7-7
35''

to support
1 a drug lead to weight gain
2 dieting will control the weight
c while talk about the drug, weight gain is inevitable
guess: take drug should also pay attention the weight gain issue, and dieting is one of the methods to solve the problems
OA: C
AB: irrelevant
D: the two terms above are not the causle relationship, so term one cannot infer term two
E: tricky, since the author not says that the dieting is the only way to solve the over weighting problem

54''
S lead to which conclusion
R: the alarming fact that more than 90% percent in the country knoew someone who is unemployed

S: moderate level of the unemployed is 5%, with i out of 20 worlers unemployed. that means each perspon know more than 50 person, one of them definitly is unemployed

guess: all the person who are unemployed are spread averagely
OA: A
others: can not infer

14''
assumption
the same as the qustion above
OA: B
ACD: can not infer
E: out of scope

35''
weaken
1: mayor propose to charge 5$/day for each bus enter the city
2: this mathod will elavate the traffic jam
3: this fee is higher than the bus ticket
guess: bus is not convient
      car can take more than one person, and the total bus fee of them are higher than 5$
      other terms that can prohibit this proposal
OA: B this show that people are not sensetive to the over cost
D: tricky, however, it not concern the term about the over cost, so it is not the best answer
others: irrelevant

25''
assumption
1 officers want to live a good impression to his boss, so he tend to give the good news.
2 if a bad news happen, they tend to solft and disorder it
C: so, the chief less know about the problem than a lower levle manager

guess: the author assume all the information that the chief got is from his direct subordinators

OA: D
AE: out of scope
BC: irrelevant

LuckyYolandaLi

1.
1）计时：40s
2）逻辑链：
Background information: Most antidepressant drugs cause weight gain.
Premise: While dieting can help reduce the amount of weight gained while taking such antidepressants, some weight gain is unlikely to be preventable.
3）推测：Most antidepressant drugs cause some unpreventable weight gain.
4）选项分析：选C
A: Not mentioned.
B: Not mentioned.这个还有点像。。。
C: Correct.
D: Incorrect.
E: Incorrect.


2.
1）计时：38s
2）逻辑链：
Background information: a normal, moderate level of unemployment is 5 percent, with 1 out of 20 workers unemployed.
Premise: So at any given time if a person knows approximately 50 workers, 1 or more will very likely be unemployed.
Conclusion:
3）推测：It is normal that 90 percent of the people in this country now report that they know someone who is unemployed if they know approximately 50 workers.
4）选项分析：选A
A: Correct.
B: Can’t be inferred.
C: Irrelevant.
D: Can’t be inferred. 这个选项句子结构我怎么没看明白。。。
E: Can’t be inferred


3.
1）计时：s
2）逻辑链：
3）推测：Currently, unemployment is at a normal, moderate level.
4）选项分析：选B，
刚开始想选A。。。


4.
1）计时：35s
2）逻辑链：
Background information: A certain mayor has proposed a fee of five dollars per day on private vehicles entering the city, claiming that the fee will alleviate the city's traffic congestion.
Premise: the fee will exceed the cost of round-trip bus fare from many nearby points.
Conclusion: many people will switch from using their cars to using the bus.
3）推测：Most people who chose private vehicles don’t care about the cost so much.
4）选项分析：选E（正确答案：B）
A: Irrelevant.
B: 刚开始觉得这个有点对。。。
C: Irrelevant.
D: 不选
E: Correct.


5.
1）计时：42s
2）逻辑链：
Background information:
Premise: No employee wants to be associated with bad news in the eyes of a superior.
Intermediate: Information about serious problems at lower levels is progressively softened and distorted as it goes up each step in the management hierarchy.
Conclusion: The chief executive is less well informed about problems at lower levels than are his or her subordinates at those levels.
3）推测：Information about serious problems are reported upward step by step.
4）选项分析：选D
A: Irrelevant.
B: Counteractive.
C: Irrelevant.
D: Correct.
E: Counteractive.

angelafeng

精练
2. 19s
background information：Most antidepressant drugs cause weight gain.

Premise: While dieting can help reduce the amount of weight gained .

Conclusion:while taking such antidepressants, some weight gain is unlikely to be preventable.

Prephrase: (conclude)

Answer:C
(A) A physician should not prescribe any
antidepressant drug for a patient if that
patient is overweight.---------the “any” is too absolute, the background information of the argument just say “most”.
(B) People who are trying to lose weight should not
ask their doctors for an antidepressant drug.----------------people can dieting.
(C) At least some patients taking antidepressant
drugs gain weight as a result of taking them.---------------correct.

(D) The weight gain experienced by patients taking
antidepressant drugs should be attributed to
lack of dieting.--------------people taking the weight gain-causing antidepressants will gain weight regardless of whether they diet.

(E) All patients taking antidepressant drugs should
diet to maintain their weight.----------too absolute

PREP 练习
57.    (34655-!-item-!-188;#058&007580)26S
Roland:  The alarming fact is that 90 percent of the people in this country now report that they know someone who is unemployed.
Sharon:  But a normal, moderate level of unemployment is 5 percent, with 1 out of 20 workers unemployed.  So at any given time if a person knows approximately 50 workers, 1 or more will very likely be unemployed.
Sharon's argument is structured to lead to which of the following as a conclusion?
answer:A
(A) The fact that 90% of the people know someone who is unemployed is not an indication that unemployment is abnormally high.
(B) The current level of unemployment is not moderate.
(C) If at least 5% of workers are unemployed, the result of questioning a representative group of people cannot be the percentage Roland cites.
(D) It is unlikely that the people whose statements Roland cites are giving accurate reports.
(E) If an unemployment figure is given as a certain percent, the actual percentage of those without jobs is even higher.

58.    (34705-!-item-!-188;#058&007581)15s
Roland:  The alarming fact is that 90 percent of the people in this country now report that they know someone who is unemployed.
Sharon:  But a normal, moderate level of unemployment is 5 percent, with 1 out of 20 workers unemployed.  So at any given time if a person knows approximately 50 workers, 1 or more will very likely be unemployed.
Sharon's argument relies on the assumption that
answer:B

(A) normal levels of unemployment are rarely exceeded
(B) unemployment is not normally concentrated in geographically isolated segments of the population
(C) the number of people who each know someone who is unemployed is always higher than 90% of the population
(D) Roland is not consciously distorting the statistics he presents
(E) knowledge that a personal acquaintance is unemployed generates more fear of losing one's job than does knowledge of unemployment statistics

59.    (34753-!-item-!-188;#058&007583)27s
A certain mayor has proposed a fee of five dollars per day on private vehicles entering the city, claiming that the fee will alleviate the city's traffic congestion.  The mayor reasons that, since the fee will exceed the cost of round-trip bus fare from many nearby points, many people will switch from using their cars to using the bus.
Which of the following statements, if true, provides the best evidence that the mayor's reasoning is flawed?
answer:B
(A) Projected increases in the price of gasoline will increase the cost of taking a private vehicle into the city.
(B) The cost of parking fees already makes it considerably more expensive for most people to take a private vehicle into the city than to take a bus.
(C) Most of the people currently riding the bus do not own private vehicles.
(D) Many commuters opposing the mayor's plan have indicated that they would rather endure traffic congestion than pay a five-dollar-per day fee.
(E) During the average workday, private vehicles owned and operated by people living within the city account for twenty percent of the city's traffic congestion.

60.    (34801-!-item-!-188;#058&007584)31s
Because no employee wants to be associated with bad news in the eyes of a superior, information about serious problems at lower levels is progressively softened and distorted as it goes up each step in the management hierarchy.  The chief executive is, therefore, less well informed about problems at lower levels than are his or her subordinates at those levels.
The conclusion drawn above is based on the assumption that

Answer:D
(A) problems should be solved at the level in the management hierarchy at which they occur
(B) employees should be rewarded for accurately reporting problems to their superiors
(C) problem-solving ability is more important at higher levels than it is at lower levels of the management hierarchy
(D) chief executives obtain information about problems at lower levels from no source other than their subordinates
(E) some employees are more concerned about truth than about the way they are perceived by their superiors

Donts

1.计时30''premise:although dieting can help reduce the weight during the time taking the drug.conclusion:antidepressant drug can still cause weight gain.
推测：
(A) A physician should not prescribe any
antidepressant drug for a patient if that
patient is overweight. overweight和willingness to lose weight还是有别的
(B) People who are trying to lose weight should not
ask their doctors for an antidepressant drug.没有说明是不是因为药物导致weight gain.
(C) At least some patients taking antidepressant
drugs gain weight as a result of taking them.
(D) The weight gain experienced by patients taking
antidepressant drugs should be attributed to
lack of dieting.与drug无关。
(E) All patients taking antidepressant drugs should
diet to maintain their weight.重心在diet不在drug。
选C

虽然做对了，但是结构悲催地错了。。。
Premise: Most antidepressant drugs cause weight gain.
Premise: Dieting can help reduce the amount of weight gained while taking such antidepressants
Conclusion: Some weight gain is unlikely to be preventable.

TICKCOCK

逻辑小分队  8月15日   【1-15】
1．    C 看清加强题和归纳题的问题
2．    A
3．    B
4．    A (B)
5．    D

wanggang0411

1 21
Premise: Drugs cause weight gained.
Premise: On diet cause preventing part weight gained by drugs.
Must be true question.

2 31
R: The alarming fact is that 90 percent of people know someone who is unemployed.
S: The moderate level of unemployment is 5%.
Must be true question about S's conclusion:
I have no idea on this question.

3 20
Assumption question: The unemployement is not concentrated in geographically.

4 32
Premise: propose a fee.
Premise: The fee exceed the fare the cost of bus --> less private cars
Conclusion: This proposal will resolve the city congesstion.
Weakean:
by any reason, people cann't switch from car to bus.
E: the car is already in the city.

5 25
Premise: nobody want to esclate bad news ot their superior.
Premise: So the bad news become softly and distorted.
Conclusion: Chief executive knows less about these news than subordinates at those levels.
Assumption: There is no other way for Chief excuteive to get information.
D:p