【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-15】

风无衣

【精炼1-15】
support_31s
premise:most  antidepressant drugs cause weight gain
premise:dieting could reduce the amout of weight gain while taking these drugs
conclusion:some weight gain is unlikely to preventable.
(A) A physician should not prescribe any
antidepressant drug for a patient if that
patient is overweight.——irrelevant
(B) People who are trying to lose weight should not
ask their doctors for an antidepressant drug.——irrelevant
(C) At least some patients taking antidepressant
drugs gain weight as a result of taking them.——correct
(D) The weight gain experienced by patients taking
antidepressant drugs should be attributed to
lack of dieting.—— people taking the weight gain-causing antidepressants will gain weight regardless of whether they diet. Thus, the weight gain cannot be attributed to a lack of dieting.
(E) All patients taking antidepressant drugs should
diet to maintain their weight.——some weight gain is unlikely to preventable.so it is highly impossible that all patients taking antidepressant drugs could maintain their weight by dieting.

zz42050524

26s  must be true
P: Antidepressant drug can cause weight gain. Dieting can help to reduce weight gain while taking the drugs, but some weight gain cannot be prevent.
理解： 最终意思是说增重是避免不了的，Diet只是辅助而不能完全解决问题。
(A) A physician should not prescribe any
antidepressant drug for a patient if that
patient is overweight.        Irrelevant
(B) People who are trying to lose weight should not
ask their doctors for an antidepressant drug.  有点那么个意思，这个要视病情而定了。
(C) At least some patients taking antidepressant
drugs gain weight as a result of taking them.   意思很大，就是C了
(D) The weight gain experienced by patients taking  这个和原文意思就不符了
antidepressant drugs should be attributed to
lack of dieting.
(E) All patients taking antidepressant drugs should   绝对了
diet to maintain their weight.

balapupu

1.[13s]
P: XX drugs cause weight gain? C: though diet can reduce the weight gain, the weight gain can not be prevented entirely.
Support conclusion: people want to lose weight should take some other measures.
(A) A physician should not prescribe any
antidepressant drug for a patient if that
patient is overweight.-->passage mention ”most”, however, the choice mention “any”, out of scope.
(B) People who are trying to lose weight should not
ask their doctors for an antidepressant drug.-? can not guarantee whether the people come across some specific situation.
(C) At least some patients taking antidepressant
drugs gain weight as a result of taking them.-->R
(D) The weight gain experienced by patients taking
antidepressant drugs should be attributed to
lack of dieting.-->the drugs should also be blamed.
(E) All patients taking antidepressant drugs should
diet to maintain their weight.-->it depends.

xeyyxzty

2.premise:Roland:  The alarming fact is that 90 percent of the people in this country now report that they know someone who is unemployed.
Sharon:  But a normal, moderate level of unemployment is 5 percent, with 1 out of 20 workers unemployed.  So at any given time if a person knows approximately 50 workers, 1 or more will very likely be unemployed.conclusion:就是９０％都认识失业的人，这些人中有重复的
(A) The fact that 90% of the people know someone who is unemployed is not an indication that unemployment is abnormally high.
－－ｒｉｇｈｔ
(B) The current level of unemployment is not moderate.
－－ｕｎｋｎｏｗｎ
(C) If at least 5% of workers are unemployed, the result of questioning a representative group of people cannot be the percentage Roland cites.
－－ｉｔ　ｃａｎ　ｂｅ
(D) It is unlikely that the people whose statements Roland cites are giving accurate reports.
－－ｉｔ　ｉｓ　ｌｉｋｅｌｙ
(E) If an unemployment figure is given as a certain percent, the actual percentage of those without jobs is even higher.

－－ｕｎｋｎｏｗｎ
３．？？？
(A) normal levels of unemployment are rarely exceeded
－－ｉｒｒｅｌｅｖａｎｔ
(B) unemployment is not normally concentrated in geographically isolated segments of the population
－－ｒｉｇｈｔ
(C) the number of people who each know someone who is unemployed is always higher than 90% of the population
－－ｉｒｒｅｌｅｖａｎｔ
(D) Roland is not consciously distorting the statistics he presents
－－ｉｒｒｅｌｅｖａｎｔ
(E) knowledge that a personal acquaintance is unemployed generates more fear of losing one's job than does knowledge of unemployment statistics
－－ｉｒｒｅｌｅｖａｎｔ
4. background information:A certain mayor has proposed a fee of five dollars per day on private vehicles entering the city, claiming that the fee will alleviate the city's traffic congestion.
premise:the fee will exceed the cost of round-trip bus fare from many nearby points,
conclusion:many people will switch from using their cars to using the bus.
money is not the only cost for people--convenient, time-consuming ...
(A) Projected increases in the price of gasoline will increase the cost of taking a private vehicle into the city.
--irrelevant
(B) The cost of parking fees already makes it considerably more expensive for most people to take a private vehicle into the city than to take a bus.
--so there is hardly any effect of the new plan--right
(C) Most of the people currently riding the bus do not own private vehicles.
--irrelevant
(D) Many commuters opposing the mayor's plan have indicated that they would rather endure traffic congestion than pay a five-dollar-per day fee.
--support
(E) During the average workday, private vehicles owned and operated by people living within the city account for twenty percent of the city's traffic congestion.

--support
5. premise:Because no employee wants to be associated with bad news in the eyes of a superior, information about serious problems at lower levels is progressively softened and distorted as it goes up each step in the management hierarchy.
conclusion:The chief executive is, therefore, less well informed about problems at lower levels than are his or her subordinates at those levels.

没有越级禀报～ｌｅｖｅｌｓ没有缺失
(A) problems should be solved at the level in the management hierarchy at which they occur
－－ｉｒｒｅｌｅｖａｎｔ
(B) employees should be rewarded for accurately reporting problems to their superiors
－－ｗｅａｋｅｎ
(C) problem-solving ability is more important at higher levels than it is at lower levels of the management hierarchy
－－ｉｒｒｅｌｅｖａｎｔ
(D) chief executives obtain information about problems at lower levels from no source other than their subordinates
－－ｒｉｇｈｔ
(E) some employees are more concerned about truth than about the way they are perceived by their superiors

－－ｉｒｒｅｌｅｖａｎｔ

leewonting

78
背景：Most antidepressant drugs cause weight gain.
条件：Dieting can help reduce the amount of weight gained while taking such antidepressants. But some weight gain is unlikely to be preventable.
结论：SUPPORT
推测：选项应该给出一个例子，摄取这种药物的同时，即使很注意diet，也会胖
选C，（A,B看起来都挺对的- -）


79
背景：The fact is that 90% of the people in this country now report that they know someone who is unemployed
条件：A normal level of unemployment is 5%
结论：how about the Sharon’s argument ?
推测：两个人讨论的出发点不一样
选A


80
背景：A certain mayor has proposed a fee of 5 dollars per day on private vehicles entering the city, claiming that the fee will alleviate the city’s traffic congestion.
条件：The fee is higher than the round-trip bus fare
结论：The traffic situation will be better.
推测：车进入的费用比坐bus的费用还贵。那如果驾驶人宁愿花多点钱都要开车而不坐公交车呢？
选B


81
背景：No employee wants to be associated with bad news in the eyes of a superior.
条件：Information about serious problems at lower level is progressively softened and distorted as it goes up each step in the management hierarchy.
结论：Therefore, the chief executive is less well informed about problems
推测：选项如何题目所说就ok，上面的老板比下面的校老板知道坏消息的机会少。
选D，chief executive只能从他们的subordinate得到消息的话，那么就符合题目。

Rena张

1.
Time: 21''
Premise: antidepressant can cause weight gain. Dieting can help reduce the amount of weight gained while taking such antidepressants.
CONCLUSION: some weight gain is unlikely to be preventable.
Type: support which one of the following?
Choice: A C
2. 48''  A
3.      A B
4. 1'01''  B
5. 25''  D
精练题做错啦~~~

sherryli

Fact 1:  most antidepressant drugs cause weight gain, evern dieting can reduce the amount, some weight gain is inevitable    Ask for conclusion? What can we know from the fact?
A.    We cannot get this from the fact. The fact mentioned most antidepressant not all ; and dieting can reduce the amount of gain weight.
B.    Same as A.
C.    Correct
D.    The fact did not say this.
E.    The fact did not say this.

FB小贝

2. Most antidepressant drugs cause weight gain. While
dieting can help reduce the amount of weight gained
while taking such antidepressants, some weight gain
is unlikely to be preventable.
The information above most strongly supports which
one of the following?
Premise: drugs cause weight gain
Dieting can reduce the weight gain
Conclusion:  dieting can not reduce the weight gain while taking such drugs sometimes
Support: some weight gain is irrelevant to diet so that diet won’t help

(A) A physician should not prescribe any
antidepressant drug for a patient if that
patient is overweight.
Irrelevant

(B) People who are trying to lose weight should not
ask their doctors for an antidepressant drug.
irrelevant
(C) At least some patients taking antidepressant
drugs gain weight as a result of taking them.
so diet won’t necessarily help lose weight
correct
(D) The weight gain experienced by patients taking
antidepressant drugs should be attributed to
lack of dieting.
so diet helps, weaken
(E) All patients taking antidepressant drugs should
diet to maintain their weight.
irrelevant

dwindwin1106

(1)F:most a drugs cause weight gain.
F:while dieting can help reduce the amount of weight gained when taking such a drugs, some weight gain is unlikely to be preventable.
       Must be true
       Answer: C
       A.Irrelevant ------ 文章说most a drugs，而不是全部，因此该选项太绝对
       B.Irrelevant ------ 理由同A
       C.Correct ------ a drugs能引起增重，节食只能减少由药物引起的增重，但是增重并没停止，仍有一部分增重是不可避免的，所以至少有一些人会因a drugs而增重
       D.Irrelevant ------ 因果颠倒了。是a drugs本身引起了增重，并不是不节食引起了增重，而节食只是帮助减少drugs增加的重量
       E.Irrelevant ------ 绝对化


(2)R:90% of the people in this country report that they know someone who is unemployed.
S:a normal level of unemployment is 5%, with 1 out of 20 workers unemployed. At any given time, if a person knows 50 workers, 1 or more will very likely be unemployed.
Prephrase: unemployment并没有90%那么多
Answer: A
A.Correct
B.Irrelevant
C.Irrelevant
D.Irrelevant
E.Irrelevant


(3)(3) R:90% of the people in this country report that they know someone who is unemployed.
S:a normal level of unemployment is 5%, with 1 out of 20 workers unemployed. At any given time, if a person knows 50 workers, 1 or more will very likely be unemployed.
Assumption: S所指的地区并不是人口稀少的地区
Answer: B
A.Irrelevant
B.Correct
C.Irrelevant
D.Irrelevant
E.Irrelevant


(4)P:propose a fee of 5 dollars/day on private vehicles entering the city, claiming that the fee will alleviate the city’s traffic congestion.
P:the fee will exceed the cost of round-trip bus fare from many nearby points
C:many people will switch from using their cars to using the bus.
Weaken: 收费不能阻止private cars进入，如bus有些地方去不了？
Answer: EB

A.Irrelevant
B.Irrelevant correct------说明钱并不是问题所在，现在已经贵了但是还是有交通拥堵，那再征收费用也无济于事
C.irrelevant
D.Irrelevant
E.Correctirrelevant------还是有相当一部分private vehicles out of city造成了拥堵，那说明mayor的proposal还是有效的


(5)P:because no employee wants to be bad in the eyes of a superior, information about serious problems at lower level is progressively softened and distorted as it goes up each step in the management hierarchy.
C:the chief executive is less well informed about problems at lower levels than are the subordinates at those levels
Assumption: information只能一层层向上汇报直到chief executive
Answer
A.Irrelevant
B.Irrelevant
C.Irrelevant
D.Correct
E.Irrelevant

spencerX

【精练】

B: Most antidepressant drugs cause weight gain. Diet can reduce the amount of weight gained.
Premise: Take such antidepressant drugs.
Conclusion：Some weight gain is unpreventable.
Pre: ?
Analysis:
A.    Irrelevant
B.    While “most antidepressant drugs” can cause weight gain, but it doesn’t mean that “all antidepressant drugs” will have the same effect. So we cannot conclude from the passage that this statement is ture.
C.    Correct
D.    “Most” antidepressant drugs can cause weight, so at least some antidepressant drugs will not cause weight gain.
E.    Out of scope

【逻辑链】

57.
Premise: moderate level of unemployment --- 5%
Conclusion：a person knows approximately 50 workers→1 or more will very likely be unemployed
Pre: The unemployment rate is not very high because people may know the same people who are unemployed
My answer：A?

58. My answer：B?

59.
B： mayor— $5- private vehicles entering the city- alleviate the city’s traffic congestion.
Premise: the fee will exceed the cost of round-trip bus fare from many nearby points
Conclusion: many people will switch from using their cars to using the bus
Pre: People would rather to endure the congestion.
My Answer: D

选项D中说的是commuter，但是mayor说的是people. 讨论范围不同
选项B：如果费用已经那么高了，但是人们还是选择用自己的car，那么说明再涨点价也不一定能够让他们用bus

60.
Premise: people don’t want to be associated with bad news in the eyes of a superior, so the information about problems will be hided.
Conclusion: executive knows less about problems than his or her subordinates.
Pre: There in no other ways for executive to know the problems.
My answer: D