【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-12】

fox0923

每次都有个人占我沙发
什么时候让我换个头衔，什么时候让我入群

-- by 会员 qiuhua01234567 (2011/11/30 20:04:14)

我们按照一个系列加群的，qiuhua只要坚持每天做的话，愿望就能实现咯！！！

fox0923

精练： weaken 60s
Lobsters will contract gill disease under contaminated water by sewage. The sewage was rerouted to sea. Lobsters probably are not affect gill disease before are eaten。
The action was pointless.
Pre: Lobsters are not affected but contained.
(A) Contaminants in the harbor other than sewage     和推理无关
are equally harmful to lobsters.
(B) Lobsters, like other crustaceans, live longer in    和推理无关
the open ocean than in industrial harbors.
(C) Lobsters breed as readily in sewage contaminated   和推理无关
water as in unpolluted water.
(D) Gill diseases cannot be detected by examining  貌似和推理有关，只说表面没有检测不到
the surface of the lobster.                        Gill 影响不到结论。
(E) Humans often become ill as a result of eating   答案
lobsters with gill diseases.

逻辑链 2： resolve the paradox 35s
P: Car owners and travel distance has increased by 40% in the two years, yet the number of people who were killed by accident is increased by 300%.
Pre: 一些特殊的原因使得事故率死亡率大大增加
A和D 犹豫了很久，最后选A，但是这题有疑问

3. weaken 46s
Regulations of manufacture’s emission are more restrict and the manufactures have to buy new facilities. The cost will be higher.
The export market will diminish to low levels.
Pre:　Some reason to explain the regulation wouldn’t influent the market.
A : 自己这结论改写的不对。

4. resolve the paradox
Two kinds of airplane painting plan, the old one and the new one, have the same weight and thickness but the new one is more expensive.
Pre: The new plan will last long and has low maintain costs.
E  我怎么看那个都不太合适

2011/12/1
精练： flaw in reasoning 30s
People with high blood pressure are more likely to be nervous and anxious.
These traits caused people to have high blood pressure.
Pre: The cause that the statement said indeed is the effect.
(A) fails to define the term “hypertensive       文中有定义解释
personality”
(B) presupposes that people have permanent     文中没有提
personality traits
(C) simply restates the claim that there is a      原文的论述第一句为第二句的论据
“hypertensive personality” without
providing evidence to support that claim.
(D) takes a correlation between personality traits  正确
and high blood pressure as proof that the
traits cause high blood pressure.
(E) focuses on nervousness and anxiety only,   这个就是无关选项了
ignoring other personality traits that people
with high blood pressure might have

逻辑链
2. weaken 50s
Producers of electric vehicles want to wide acceptance of their products. A producer provide three days free rental of a conventional car for every 1,000 miles.
Pre: The disadvantage is reveal through doing so.
B  预测错误

3. support 40s
Archaeologists found an ancient camp dated between 1605 and 1755. Because the European traders began active since 1620s,
The camp was no later than 1630s.
Pre: 1. Some other good taken by European traders were also found.
2. No evidence suggested that good from Europe were dated before 1620s.
B, 1 推测

4. weaken both
Automobiles emit significant pollutant after used of five years. City X has established a new automobile manufacture plant. To incentive the economy and reduce contamination, local government plan to crab old cars that are five years old.
Pre: 预测不出，先看答案
E 感觉只是weaken了一点就是 reduce pollution，但是没有weaken economy，但是别的都不合适

5. MUST BE TRUE 50S
Wraps lay eggs to the eggs of other insect. If they lay too much, fresh wraps will die for nutrient and space; if they lay too few, fresh wraps will be killed by the other insects.
D; 排除的，这个需要看看解释

-- by 会员 zz42050524 (2011/12/1 10:20:13)

zz把前面的一次逻辑链也贴上来了？？啥意思？？

winghyy

精炼题
40s-weaken
Premiseeople with high blood pressure are more nervous and anxious than people who don't have high blood pressure.
Conclusion: hypertensive traits cause people to develop high blood pressure.
Prephase: high blood pressure causes hypertensive traits.
选D
(A) fails to define the term “hypertensive personality” - the author has already defined.
(B) presupposes that people have permanent personality traits - out of scope (permanent)
(C) simply restates the claim that there is a “hypertensive personality” without
providing evidence to support that claim. - irrelevant
(D) takes a correlation between personality traits and high blood pressure as proof that the
traits cause high blood pressure. - correct
(E) focuses on nervousness and anxiety only, ignoring other personality traits that people
with high blood pressure might have - out of scope

winghyy

45. 50S-weaken
The reason why people are unwilling to use electric vehicles is that people should use cars for extended trips. Electric vehicles producer plan to offer buyers 3 days free for every 1000miles  that they drive their electric vehicle.
Prephase: the conventional car can not meet their need for extended trips.
A

46. 58s-strengthen
Archaeologist excavated a Native Camp. Radiocarbon date it between 1605 and 1755. But the camp probabaly dates to no later than 1630, since no European trade were found. And the European traders were active in that region from the 1620's.
Prephase: other evidence to support the date to no later than 1630.
选E

47. 49s--weaken
Premise: Cars over five years old generate more pollutant than newer one. In T, most cars are over five years old. government plans introduce incentive for Tians to scrap old cars every five years and replace them with new ones.
选E

48.逻辑链记不得。。看不懂。。。
选个C 【等会仔细找分析】

今天错的有点多。。。

qiuhua01234567

每次都有个人占我沙发
什么时候让我换个头衔，什么时候让我入群

-- by 会员 qiuhua01234567 (2011/11/30 20:04:14)

我们按照一个系列加群的，qiuhua只要坚持每天做的话，愿望就能实现咯！！！

-- by 会员 fox0923 (2011/12/1 11:52:59)

恩恩，恩，我等着呢，哈哈

ugly5552000

1/Background: people with blood pressure are generally more nervous and anxious than normal people.
Premise: it is easy for a person with hypertensive personality to develop high blood pressure.
Prephrase: everyone has hypertensive personality as a part of his personality. Study shows the the high blood pressure are mostly caused by inappropriate living habits.
D
A: the argument has the definition of hypertensive personality, that is nervous and anxious, it fails to weaken the argument
B: irrelevant
C:to get evidence to support the existence of hypertensive personality does not attack the argument.
D: the hole of the argument is the correlation between hypertensive personality and high blood pressure, the relation between them is not the cause-outcome model, so the argument fails.
E: irrelevant
2/Background: the electric vehicles are not capable of occasional extended trips, this is a major blockage to wide acceptance of electric vehicles.
Premise: in order to attract people to buy vehicles, the manufacturer plans to offer customers three days free rental of a conventional car for every 1,000 miles that they drive their electric vehicle.
Prephrase: the petrol used by the conventional cars needs to be paid by consumers, so the plan is distractive to customers.
B
A: irrelevant
B: if it is true, it is easy for the electric cars to drive 1000 miles, many people would get the free rental, the high expense on rental will be passed on to the cost of electric cars, which would lead the price of electric cars to rise, then less customers would like to buy the cars .
C: irrelevant
D: irrelevant
E: irrelevant
3/Background: a native American camp is found, the animal bones found at the site shows the camp dates from some time between 1605 and 1755.
Premise: since no European trade goods were found there, and European trades has been active in the region since 1620, the camp probably dates to no later than 1630.
Prephrase: the site where the camp locates has been one of the business centers in the region since 1620.
B
A: this is an assumption, fail.
B: European trade goods are found in all camps in the region dated to the late 1620’s, the camp referred probably have trade connection with European between 1620 and 1630.
C: fails to attack the argument
D: irrelevant
E: irrelevant
4/Background: as cars over five years old emit much more pollutants than new cars, most cars in Torinia are over five years, and Torinia has recently built its first automobile factory.
Premise: in order to boost the economy and reduce air production, the government plans to replace the cars every 5years.
Prephrase: as the cars are originally designed to reach the longevity of 25 years, most car owners are not willing to replace the cars, and the government’ financial revenue cannot support the expense of replacing the cars, and the new automobile factory is incapable of manufacturing the amount of new cars to replace the old ones.
E
A: even with the implementation of the planned incentives, most Torinians who own an old car would be unlikely to buy a new car.
B: irrelevant
C: irrelevant
D: irrelevant
E: the environment cannot be improved
5/Background: parasitic wasps must lay their eggs into the eggs of various host insects in exactly the right numbers for any suitable size of host egg. If the parasitic wasps’ eggs are laid too many or too few, both will lead death to the eggs.
A
A: this is an appropriate hypothesis.
B: cannot be concluded
C: it is impossible for Parasitic wasps to learn?
D: clash with the argument
E: impossible

风无衣

【精炼1-12】
weaken_40s
premise:people with high blood pressure are more nervous than people who do not have
conclusion:the combination of  personality traits is likely to cause people with these traits to develop high blood pressure.
(A) fails to define the term “hypertensive
personality”
(B) presupposes that people have permanent
personality traits
(C) simply restates the claim that there is a
“hypertensive personality” without
providing evidence to support that claim.
(D) takes a correlation between personality traits
and high blood pressure as proof that the
traits cause high blood pressure.——correct
(E) focuses on nervousness and anxiety only,
ignoring other personality traits that people
with high blood pressure might have

呼呼~今天的貌似比较简单~
Answer choice (D): This is the correct answer. The conclusion can be
diagrammed as:
HP = hypertensive personality
HBP = high-blood pressure
C            E
HP   →    HBP
This answer choice describes a classic error of causality: two events occurring
simultaneously are mistakenly interpreted to be in a causal relationship. There
are many other possibilities for the arrangement: the two events could be caused
by a third event (for example, genetics could cause both a hypertensive
personality and high blood pressure), the events could be reversed (the high
blood pressure could actually cause the hypertensive personality), or there may
be situations where the two do not occur together.

Answer choice (E):the author of this stimulus is not obligated to mention other
traits people with high blood-pressure may have.

balapupu

1.[17s]
P: people with high blood pressure are more likely to become nervous and anxious than the people without-?C: people who have this personality that more nervous and anxious are more likely to have high blood pressure.
Weaken: most of the people change personality after they get the hbp.
A:
(A) fails to define the term “hypertensive
personality”?irrelevant with the definition.
(B) presupposes that people have permanent
personality traits?not mention.
(C) simply restates the claim that there is a
“hypertensive personality” without
providing evidence to support that claim.-->same as A
(D) takes a correlation between personality traits
and high blood pressure as proof that the
traits cause high blood pressure.-->R
(E) focuses on nervousness and anxiety only,
ignoring other personality traits that people
with high blood pressure might have.-->irrelevant.

balapupu

1.>45S,第一句话看了好长时间才明白。
P: One problem involves the acceptance of the ev is even the people use their cars only for commuting will not use the ev for long trip?the company try to reward people drive their ev for every 1000 mils with a three days free rental cars.
Weaken: the people own the ev is not like cars.
A: (A) Many electric vehicles that are used for commercial purposes are not needed for extended trips.-->irrelevant with the porpose
(B) Because a majority of commuters drive at least 100 miles a week, the cost to the producer of making good the offer would add considerably to the already high price of electric vehicles.-->irrelevant with the cost[额。。想偏了。。。]
(C) The relatively long time it takes to recharge the battery of an electric vehicle can easily be fitted into the regular patterns of car use characteristic of commuters.-->support
(D) Although electric vehicles are essentially emission-free in actual use, generating the electricity necessary for charging an electric vehicle's battery can burden the environment.-->irrelevant with the environmrnt
(E) Some family vehicles are used primarily not for commuting but for making short local trips, such as to do errands.-->R

2.【17s】
P：Scientists found animals bones at the cite indicate that the camp is date from 1605-1755?the camp is no later than the 1630?because no European trade goods were found and European trade is very active since 1620.
Support: the European goods are not easily decay.
A:
(A)    Due to trade among Native Americans, some European trade goods would have reached the area before the European traders themselves did.-->some?wrong.
(B) At all camps in the region that have been reliably dated to the late 1620's, remains of European trade goods have been found.-->R
(C) The first European trade goods to reach the area would have been considered especially valuable and preserved as much as possible from loss or destruction.-->irrelevant
(D) The first European traders in the area followed soon after the first European explorers.-->irrelevant with relationship between the traders and explorers.
(E) The site is that of a temporary camp that would have been used seasonally for a few years and then abandoned.-->irrelevant with the use of the camp.

3.[25s]
P: Cars used over five years will provide more air pollution than the new cars?T, have new cars factory and most cars are over five years?T intend to encourage people to scrap their old cars with the new one every five years in order to improve the economy and environment.
Weaken the plan: people prefer to buy the new cars from the foreign manufacture that are more polluntent.
A:
(A)    Without the implementation of the planned incentives, most Torinians who own an old car would be unlikely to buy a new car.-->support
(B) Torinia's automobile plant manufactures car models that typically generate smaller amounts of air pollutants than most similarly sized car models manufactured elsewhere.-->support
(C) The new cars produced in Torinia are not likely to be exported to other countries.-->support
(D) The largest source of atmospheric pollutants in Torinia is not automobile emissions, but emissions from power plants.-->Irrelevant with the source.
(E) The manufacture and the scrapping of cars each generate significant amounts of air pollutants.-->R
4.这道题印象太深刻，新东方讲的第一道题。

Roxas605

【精炼】
D      联系不能代表因果关系


【逻辑链】
EAEA  -->  BBEA


1.  premise:    impediment<----inability EV for occasional extended trips
    conclusion:  every1000m--->3 days free rental
   Weaken: >=100m(extended trip)---> cost增加--->price增加
    疑惑： conclusion和price有关系？？？


2.  premise：camp date： 1605～1755
    but，早于1630
    reason： 无ETG，ET在1620之后
    A： ETG早于ET--->ETG早于1620--->date早于1620，weaken
    B：【原义重复】：   确实在1620晚期存在ETG