【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-7】

lyrsilvia

D BBAD
1. 26’
P:  Ninety-five percent of the DNA samples taken from the Baja turtles match those taken from turtles at the Japanese nesting sites.
C: juvenile Pacific loggerheads that feed near the Baja Peninsula hatch in Japanese waters 10,000 kilometers away
Weaken the reasoning: finding≠actual, match≠hatch
答案：D
(A) Nesting sites of loggerhead turtles have been found the Pacific coast of North America Several thousand kilometers north of the Baja peninsula.-------other nesting sides do not affect the Japanese nesting sides, irrelevant
(B) The distance between nesting sites and feeding sites of Atlantic loggerhead turtles is less than 5,000 kilometers.---------------distance is not relevant
(C) Loggerhead hatchlings in Japanese waters have been declining in number for the last decade while the number of nesting sites near the Baja peninsula has remained constant.------how the change does not affect the truth
(D) Ninety-five percent of the DNA samples taken from the Baja turtles match those taken from Atlantic loggerhead turtles.-------------CORRECT. the gene match those Atlantic turtles does not means Baja turtles must lay their eggs in Japan. The match is insufficient to give birth to hatch
(E) Commercial aquariums have been successfully breeding Atlantic loggerheads with Pacific loggerheads for the last five years.------commercial aquariums' success does not mean the natural truth.

2. 32'
P: history data: weak currency--> increase in exports
C: to increase exports, should allow the currency to become weak again.
Doubt the recommendation: weak currency now cannot guarantee export increas
答案：B
(A) Several of the politicians now recommending that the pundra be allowed to become weak made that same recommendation before each of the last two periods of currency weakness.------support the recommendation
(B) After several decades of operating well below peak capacity, Darfir's manufacturing sector is now operating at near-peak levels.-------------CORRECT. means cannot produce any more goods to export. even with lower currency, the export will not increase
(C) The economy of a country experiencing a rise in exports will become healthier only if the country's currency is strong or the rise in exports is significant.---------the country does not care about the economy healthy, just the export increase
(D) Those countries whose manufactured products compete with Darfir's on the world market all currently have stable currencies.---------other countries' stable currency will guarantee the bargain of exports, SUPPORT
(E) A sharp improvement in the efficiency of Darfir's manufacturing plants would make Darfir's products a bargain on world markets even without any weakening of the pundra relative to other currencies.--------the improvement of efficiency is not discussed in the question.

3. 39'
P: poor sanitation-->high mortality, population increase was fueled by immigration
C: high sanitation & immigration continued and increased-->population not significantly accelerated
Explain: there are sb. move out
答案：B
(A) Mortality rates that were associated with poor sanitation in Megacity a hundred years ago were orders of magnitude higher than are mortality rates associated with vehicular traffic, which is currently a major cause of death in the city.-------------what's the mortality associated with is not the case
(B) For several decades, Megacity, as distinct from the countryside, has had a steadily declining birth rate.-------------CORRECT. birth rate↓but death rate↓, means the natural population growth maybe balanced, thus the whole population growth rate may be negative. it is the reason why the whole population not significantly accelerated
(C) Cities smaller than Megacity have also experienced sustained population growth.--------other city's experience is not sufficient to explain the M.
(D) The great majority of immigrants to Remsland settle in Megacity, at least initially.--------settle means more population, but the truth is not more population. thus not explain but exaggerate.
(E) Megacity has long offered better employment prospects than most rural areas.--------better employment should attract more immigrates and population should increase more.

4. 28'
P: the genetic seeds are expensive, but consumers demands are high
C: thus the genetic engineered seeds are likely to become widespread.
BOLDFACE: one disadvantage, one advantage and a conclusion
答案：A
(A) The first supplies a context for the argument; the second is the argument's main conclusion.------CORRECT
(B) The first introduces a development that the argument predicts will have a certain outcome; the second is a state of affairs that the argument denies will be part of that outcome.--------the first is not a development
(C) The first presents a development that the argument predicts will have a certain outcome; the second acknowledges a consideration that weighs against that prediction.-----------the second is not just a consideration; the first is not presenting a development that the argument predict(widespread), but a development that the argument disagree(not compensate) CORRECT
(D) The first provides evidence to support a prediction that the argument seeks to defend; the second is that prediction.------------the first is not to defend, but to oppose
(E) The first and the second each provide evidence to support the argument's main conclusion.-----the second is the conclusion, not just evidence; and the first is not support evidence
==============================================================
又错了黑脸题....这里的predication没有弄懂，混淆了前后的顺序；A中the first is a context也不准确，应该是一个evidence，或者用C中的development才准确。
==============================================================
5. 32'
BG: cost: first-time buyer<replace(second buyer)
      profit margin: first buyer< replace
P: last year, same number computer, same price, same profit margin
C: profit higher
Support: second buyer increase in proportion
答案：D
(A) PXC's competitors raised the prices on their computers last year, making PXC computers more attractive to first-time computer buyers.------------because the amount of computers sales is the same, thus more attractive≠more buying, cannot explain the higher profit
(B) The number of people buying PXC computers who also bought PXC computer-related products, such as printers, was larger last year than the previous year.---------------other products' profits do not include in the computer profit, thus irrelevant
(C) Among computer buyers who bought a PXC computer to replace their existing computer, the proportion who were replacing a computer made by a competitor of PXC was greater last year than the previous year.---------------means more customers are attracted, but this does not guarantee higher profit
(D) The proportion of PXC computers bought by first-time computer buyers was smaller last year than the previous year.-------------CORRECT. even the number does not change, the profit margin increase, thus the profit becomes higher
(E) PXC's production costs for its computers were lower last year than they had been the previous year.--------profit margins do not change, thus means costs down, profits down

meckyona

好久没做题！！罪过！
Loggerhead turtles live and breed in distinct groups, of which some are in the Pacific Ocean and some are in the Atlantic. New evidence suggests that juvenile Pacific loggerheads that feed near the Baja Peninsula hatch in Japanese waters 10,000 kilometers away. Ninety-five percent of the DNA samples taken from the Baja turtles match those taken from turtles at the Japanese nesting sites.
Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the reasoning above?
B: L turtles live in PO and A
P: some feed in Japanese waters 10000 kilos away, most of their DNA samples match those taken from turtles at Japanese nesting sites

问削弱
A 没削弱
B irrelevant, 不是atlantic
C irrelevant
D 对，既然也符合AT的基因，那么就不能一次推断是pacific
E irrelevant

Twelve years ago and again five years ago, there were extended periods when the Darfir Republic's currency, the pundra, was weak:  its value was unusually low relative to the world's most stable currencies.  Both times a weak pundra made Darfir's manufactured products a bargain on world markets, and Darfir's exports were up substantially.  Now some politicians are saying that, in order to cause another similarly sized increase in exports, the government should allow the pundra to become weak again.
Which of the following, if true, provides the government with the strongest grounds to doubt that the politicians' recommendation, if followed, will achieve its aim?
B：there were 2 times that when pundra was weak, the exports were up
P: politicians thought that the pundra should be weak again
C so the exports will increase
问削弱，怎样可能是货币贬值但是出口并不会增加
A no
B 没有削弱
C 对
D 加强？
E irrelevant
health 和题目无关，
The population of Megacity, a sprawling metropolis in Remsland, has grown at a fairly steady rate for over a century.  A hundred years ago, poor sanitation in the city caused high mortality rates among the city's inhabitants, and what fueled the population increase was immigration from rural villages.  This immigration has continued and even increased.  Moreover, in recent decades, city sanitation has improved enormously.  Yet the city's population growth has not significantly accelerated.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain why the city's population growth rate has not changed?
Sanitation 环境卫生 mortality 死亡率
B：a place’s population has grow steadily, there was immigration and the city sanitation has improved. But the population hasn’t accelerated
求原因

A irrelevant
B make sense 对
C so what …
D 无法解释
E irrelevant!!

Plant scientists have used genetic engineering on seeds to produce crop plants that are highly resistant to insect damage.  Unfortunately, the seeds themselves are quite expensive, and the plants require more fertilizer and water to grow well than normal ones.  Thus, for most farmers the savings on pesticides would not compensate for the higher seed costs and the cost of additional fertilizer.  However, since consumer demand for grains, fruits, and vegetables grown without the use of pesticides continues to rise, the use of genetically engineered seeds of this kind is likely to become widespread.
In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
C
First-time computer buyers buying PXC home computers typically buy models that cost much less and have a smaller profit margin per computer than do PXC computers bought by people replacing their computers with more powerful models.  Last year PXC's profits from computer sales were substantially higher than the previous year, although about the same number of PXC computers were sold and the prices and profit margins for each computer model that PXC sells remained unchanged.
If the statements above are true, which of the following is most strongly supported by them?
明显是因为换更好电脑的人多了吧
A利润没变
B 好像也能说明
C 对
D no
E无法解释
这道题不应该错的，其实一开始都想对了，但是还是忽视了总量没变，其中一个有变化代表另一赚的多的量增加。

览物之情

Background: Loggerhead turtles live and breed in distinct groups, of which some are in the Pacific Ocean and some are in the Atlantic.
Conclusion: New evidence suggests that juvenile Pacific loggerheads that feed near the Baja Peninsula hatch in Japanese waters 10,000 kilometers away.
Because: Ninety-five percent of the DNA samples taken from the Baja turtles match those taken from turtles at the Japanese nesting sites.
Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the reasoning above?
P: 95% of DNA same done not mean it is the same thing.
D
A)        Nesting sites of loggerhead turtles have been found the Pacific coast of North America Several thousand kilometers north of the Baja peninsula.
(B) The distance between nesting sites and feeding sites of Atlantic loggerhead turtles is less than 5,000 kilometers.
(C) Loggerhead hatchlings in Japanese waters have been declining in number for the last decade while the number of nesting sites near the Baja peninsula has remained constant .
(D) Ninety-five percent of the DNA samples taken from the Baja turtles match those taken from Atlantic loggerhead turtles.———————— 所以可以是来自Aturtles.
(E) Commercial aquariums have been successfully breeding Atlantic loggerheads with Pacific loggerheads for the last five years. 无关

2 32s
Premise: Both times a weak pundra made Darfir's manufactured products a bargain on world markets, and Darfir's exports were up substantially.  
Conclusion:Now some politicians are saying that, in order to cause another similarly sized increase in exports, the government should allow the pundra to become weak again.
Which of the following, if true, provides the government with the strongest grounds to doubt that the politicians' recommendation, if followed, will achieve its aim?
类比推理
P something happen in the past does not mean to be happen in the future because the circumstances are different.
B
(A)        Several of the politicians now recommending that the pundra be allowed to become weak made that same recommendation before each of the last two periods of currency weakness.
(B) After several decades of operating well below peak capacity, Darfir's manufacturing sector is now operating at near-peak levels. Correct: things are different now
(C) The economy of a country experiencing a rise in exports will become healthier only if the country's currency is strong or the rise in exports is significant.
(D) Those countries whose manufactured products compete with Darfir's on the world market all currently have stable currencies.
(E) A sharp improvement in the efficiency of Darfir's manufacturing plants would make Darfir's products a bargain on world markets even without any weakening of the pundra relative to other currencies.
3 36s
Premise: This immigration has continued and even increased.  Moreover, in recent decades, city sanitation has improved enormously.  Y
Outcome: et the city's population growth has not significantly accelerated.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain why the city's population growth rate has not changed? or other direction
P immigrations increases, what about people move out? B
(A)        Mortality rates that were associated with poor sanitation in Megacity a hundred years ago were orders of magnitude higher than are mortality rates associated with vehicular traffic, which is currently a major cause of death in the city.
(B) For several decades, Megacity, as distinct from the countryside, has had a steadily declining birth rate. Correct.
(C) Cities smaller than Megacity have also experienced sustained population growth.
(D) The great majority of immigrants to Remsland settle in Megacity, at least initially.
(E) Megacity has long offered better employment prospects than most rural areas.

4 34s 有点绕
Plant scientists have used genetic engineering on seeds to produce crop plants that are highly resistant to insect damage.  Unfortunately, the seeds themselves are quite expensive, and the plants require more fertilizer and water to grow well than normal ones.  Thus, for most farmers the savings on pesticides would not compensate for the higher seed costs and the cost of additional fertilizer.  However, since consumer demand for grains, fruits, and vegetables grown without the use of pesticides continues to rise, the use of genetically engineered seeds of this kind is likely to become widespread.
In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
P first part is evidence support thus….the second is a conclusion.
C
A)        The first supplies a context for the argument; the second is the argument's main conclusion. First does not sound like a context for the argument.
(B) The first introduces a development that the argument predicts will have a certain outcome; the second is a state of affairs that the argument denies will be part of that outcome. --------Second is not what denies
(C) The first presents a development that the argument predicts will have a certain outcome; the second acknowledges a consideration that weighs against that prediction.--correct
(D) The first provides evidence to support a prediction that the argument seeks to defend; the second is that prediction.——---incorrect

(E) The first and the second each provide evidence to support the argument's main conclusion.-----------first does not seems to provide support

5 32s
Premise: First-time computer buyers buying PXC home computers typically buy models that cost much less and have a smaller profit margin per computer than do PXC computers bought by people replacing their computers with more powerful models.  

Conclusion: Last year PXC's profits from computer sales were substantially higher than the previous year

If the statements above are true, which of the following is most strongly supported by them?
P most of the customers are second-time buyers.
D
A) PXC's competitors raised the prices on their computers last year, making PXC computers more attractive to first-time computer buyers.
(B) The number of people buying PXC computers who also bought PXC computer-related products, such as printers, was larger last year than the previous year.
(C) Among computer buyers who bought a PXC computer to replace their existing computer, the proportion who were replacing a computer made by a competitor of PXC was greater last year than the previous year.
(D) The proportion of PXC computers bought by first-time computer buyers was smaller last year than the previous year.------ Correct
(E) PXC's production costs for its computers were lower last year than they had been the previous year.

w.melhere

  1. 30’ 不确定的做对了，看了解释很明白了呢
3.42‘ 又没有注意题里的 This immigration has continued and even increased.   错了。
  

cecidefok

精练题
问削弱
选D

25.
P:过去两次pundra weak的时候,dafir的出口业都好转
C:要再一次有similar sized的出口好转,就要使pundra变weak
问削弱
B.现在已经接近peak了,再weak,也打不到similar size的进步 选B

26.
P:以前M城卫生条件不好,导致死亡率高,只能靠移民来增加人口
   移民延续,而且卫生条件好转,但人口依然没有大幅增加
问原因
选B,出生率变少

27.
选C

28.
PXC的利润大增,卖出数量,价格不变
问原因
选D

yuehuasunday

1.

Background: Loggerhead turtles live and breed in distinct groups, of which some are in the Pacific Ocean and some are in the Atlantic.

Premise: New evidence suggests that juvenile Pacific loggerheads that feed near the Baja Peninsula hatch in Japanese waters 10,000 kilometers away.

Conclusion: Ninety-five percent of the DNA samples taken from the Baja turtles match those taken from turtles at the Japanese nesting sites.


(D) Correct

2.

Background: Twelve years ago and again five years ago, there were extended periods when the Darfir Republic's currency, the pundra, was weak:  

Premise: Both times a weak pundra made Darfir's manufactured products a bargain on world markets, and Darfir's exports were up substantially.

Conclusion: in order to cause another similarly sized increase in exports, the government should allow the pundra to become weak again.

(B) Correct

3.

Background: The population of Megacity, a sprawling metropolis in Remsland, has grown at a fairly steady rate for over a century.  A hundred years ago, poor sanitation in the city caused high mortality rates among the city's inhabitants, and what fueled the population increase was immigration from rural villages.

Premise:  This immigration has continued and even increased.  Moreover, in recent decades, city sanitation has improved enormously.

Conclusion: Yet the city's population growth has not significantly accelerated.

(B) Correct

4.

Background: Plant scientists have used genetic engineering on seeds to produce crop plants that are highly resistant to insect damage.

Premise:  Unfortunately, the seeds themselves are quite expensive, and the plants require more fertilizer and water to grow well than normal ones.

Conclusion:  However, since consumer demand for grains, fruits, and vegetables grown without the use of pesticides continues to rise, the use of genetically engineered seeds of this kind is likely to become widespread.

© Correct

5.

Background: First-time buyers buy cheap

Premise: second time buyers buy more expensive products

Conclusion: this year's profit is greater than last year's

(D)  Correct
© unclear who made the first computer

irenetopia

Loggerhead turtles live and breed in distinct groups, of which some are in the Pacific Ocean and some are in the Atlantic. New evidence suggests that juvenile Pacific loggerheads that feed near the Baja Peninsula hatch in Japanese waters 10,000 kilometers away. Ninety-five percent of the DNA samples taken from the Baja turtles match those taken from turtles at the Japanese nesting sites.
Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the reasoning above?
逻辑链：LT生活和繁殖在不同的地方，一个在在太平洋，一个在大西洋
少年LT是在离日本附近的一个叫B的地方繁殖
因为95%的B的LT的DNA样本和在日本栖息的T是匹配的
问削弱：找样本不具有代表性或样本不充分

(A) Nesting sites of loggerhead turtles have been found the Pacific coast of North America Several thousand kilometers north of the Baja peninsula.
(B) The distance between nesting sites and feeding sites of Atlantic loggerhead turtles is less than 5,000 kilometers.
(C) Loggerhead hatchlings in Japanese waters have been declining in number for the last decade while the number of nesting sites near the Baja peninsula has remained constant.
(D) Ninety-five percent of the DNA samples taken from the Baja turtles match those taken from Atlantic loggerhead turtles.——bingo！和大西洋的也匹配就不能说明sample具有代表性了
(E) Commercial aquariums have been successfully breeding Atlantic loggerheads with Pacific loggerheads for the last five years.

【逻辑链】
25. 2:14
Twelve years ago and again five years ago, there were extended periods when the Darfir Republic's currency, the pundra, was weak:  its value was unusually low relative to the world's most stable currencies.  Both times a weak pundra made Darfir's manufactured products a bargain on world markets, and Darfir's exports were up substantially.  Now some politicians are saying that, in order to cause another similarly sized increase in exports, the government should allow the pundra to become weak again.
逻辑链：在12年轻和5年前，D国的货币P低于世界水平——D在国际市场可以讨价还价——这时D国的的EXPORT上升了
现在政治家们为了export有同样大小的上升，想要允许P再降。

问削弱：思路——削弱的话，就等于是假设P降低的时候，D的export不能再上升，直接影响export的是bargain，所以说要找一个选项表示P降低的时候，bargain已经不能和以前那样了。

Which of the following, if true, provides the government with the strongest grounds to doubt that the politicians' recommendation, if followed, will achieve its aim?
(A) Several of the politicians now recommending that the pundra be allowed to become weak made that same recommendation before each of the last two periods of currency weakness.——跟以前提过的没有联系
(B) After several decades of operating well below peak capacity, Darfir's manufacturing sector is now operating at near-peak levels.——bingo！已经对bargain没有什么影响了，所以E不能再上升了
(C) The economy of a country experiencing a rise in exports will become healthier only if the country's currency is strong or the rise in exports is significant.——说到了经济发展，无关
(D) Those countries whose manufactured products compete with Darfir's on the world market all currently have stable currencies.——和其他国家的比较，无关
(E) A sharp improvement in the efficiency of Darfir's manufacturing plants would make Darfir's products a bargain on world markets even without any weakening of the pundra relative to other currencies.——和减弱没有关系，问题削弱的是降低也打不成目标

(31045-!-item-!-188;#058&004365)
The population of Megacity, a sprawling metropolis in Remsland, has grown at a fairly steady rate for over a century.  A hundred years ago, poor sanitation in the city caused high mortality rates among the city's inhabitants, and what fueled the population increase was immigration from rural villages.  This immigration has continued and even increased.  Moreover, in recent decades, city sanitation has improved enormously.  Yet the city's population growth has not significantly accelerated.
逻辑链：100年轻，poor sanitation带来了搞mortality，不过大量的农村来的immigration加速了GR。
现在immigration还是增加，但是sanitation好了。但是人口增长率还是没有增长

问原因：思路：以前影响growth rate的是S负相关，I正相关
现在S变好了，I和原来一样在增长，GR应该也增加，但是GR没有明显增加。
S变少了，死亡率就低了，I增多了。那么应该是还有一个变化的改变了GR。跟S和I都不相关

Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain why the city's population growth rate has not changed?

(A) Mortality rates that were associated with poor sanitation in Megacity a hundred years ago were orders of magnitude higher than are mortality rates associated with vehicular traffic, which is currently a major cause of death in the city.——加强了既然S对GR的影响比T对GR的影响大，那么现在人口应该上升才是
(B) For several decades, Megacity, as distinct from the countryside, has had a steadily declining birth rate.——bingo！提到了十年，还有M面临的减少的下降率
(C) Cities smaller than Megacity have also experienced sustained population growth.——没有这个比较
(D) The great majority of immigrants to Remsland settle in Megacity, at least initially.——定居了人应该更多了
(E) Megacity has long offered better employment prospects than most rural areas——无关


50S
Plant scientists have used genetic engineering on seeds to produce crop plants that are highly resistant to insect damage.  Unfortunately, the seeds themselves are quite expensive, and the plants require more fertilizer and water to grow well than normal ones.  Thus, for most farmers the savings on pesticides would not compensate for the higher seed costs and the cost of additional fertilizer.  However, since consumer demand for grains, fruits, and vegetables grown without the use of pesticides continues to rise, the use of genetically engineered seeds of this kind is likely to become widespread.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
这题我错了！！！！！！为什么第二句话不是结论！！！！！！！为什么是C！！！！！
(A) The first supplies a context for the argument; the second is the argument's main conclusion.
(B) The first introduces a development that the argument predicts will have a certain outcome; the second is a state of affairs that the argument denies will be part of that outcome.
(C) The first presents a development that the argument predicts will have a certain outcome; the second acknowledges a consideration that weighs against that prediction.
(D) The first provides evidence to support a prediction that the argument seeks to defend; the second is that prediction.
(E) The first and the second each provide evidence to support the argument's main conclusion.



(31510-!-item-!-188;#058&004526)
First-time computer buyers buying PXC home computers typically buy models that cost much less and have a smaller profit margin per computer than do PXC computers bought by people replacing their computers with more powerful models.  Last year PXC's profits from computer sales were substantially higher than the previous year, although about the same number of PXC computers were sold and the prices and profit margins for each computer model that PXC sells remained unchanged.
If the statements above are true, which of the following is most strongly supported by them?

逻辑链：第一次买电脑的人对PXC来说利润小于和给电脑换more powerful models。今年它的销量和利润都增长了，但是电脑总数不变和价格都不变
思路：电脑总数=第一次+换的。利润=第一次+换的
利润和销量上升，销售总数不变，价格不变，只能是内部比例变化

(A) PXC's competitors raised the prices on their computers last year, making PXC computers more attractive to first-time computer buyers.
(B) The number of people buying PXC computers who also bought PXC computer-related products, such as printers, was larger last year than the previous year.
(C) Among computer buyers who bought a PXC computer to replace their existing computer, the proportion who were replacing a computer made by a competitor of PXC was greater last year than the previous year.
(D) The proportion of PXC computers bought by first-time computer buyers was smaller last year than the previous year.——bingo！第一次电脑少，换models的就多了！
(E) PXC's production costs for its computers were lower last year than they had been the previous year.

goodluck22

Background: live and breed in distinct group
Premise: feed  Baja and hatch in Japaness water
Conclusion: 90 dna Baja match dna in japan
Prephrase: there are loggerhead turtles in Japan
A.        Irrelevant nesting site
B.        Another background
C.        Irrelevant
D.        Correct prove that they all share high percent of dna
E.        Commercial is Irrelevant

Background: DR currency was weak 20 and 5 years ago
Premise: Weak currency made D export increase
Conclusion: to weak again -> increase export
Prephrase: weak again will not increase export
A.        background of the politicians
B.        Correct . weak again will not increase the export
C.        Do not discuss healthier
D.        Support
E.        Efficiency is not discuss here.

Background: Megacity population has grown at a fairy steady rate
Premise: 100 years ago, poor sanitation cause high mortality rate
Population was increase by immigration from rural.  And the immigration continued to increase
Conclusion: population growth has not accelerated Birth do not increase.
Prephrase:  factor cause lots of people die
A.        Didn’t explain
B.        Correct
C.        Do not explain
D.        Still did not explain why not accelerated
E.        Only explain why people will go to megacity

Premise:  Unfortunately, the seeds themselves are quite expensive, and the plants require more fertilizer and water to grow well than normal ones.  
   However, since consumer demand for grains, fruits, and vegetables grown without the use of pesticides continues to rise, the use of genetically engineered seeds of this kind is likely to become widespread.
ANSWER: c

Premise: profit margin: Replace people > first .  same number and each model profit remain
Conclusion : last year profit was higher
Prephrase: replace > first
A.        weaken
B.        out of scope it is talk about computer sales
C.        Irrelevant
D.        Correct
E.        Profit same

cyndichiang

精练题：1'35''看不懂
逻辑链是猜的：premise:95%of the DNA of Baja turtles match those J turtles
Conclusion:juvenile Pacific loggerheads that feed near the Baja Peninsula hatch in Japanese waters 10,000 kilometers away.
感觉suggests后面紧跟的应该是结论，而且应该是基因控制生物吧，基因在前。。= =真心没看懂
Preprase: 感觉应该跟95%DNA有关

(A) Nesting sites of loggerhead turtles have been found the Pacific coast of North America Several thousand kilometers north of the Baja peninsula.-----irrelevant,没说到DNA，感觉只是在强调结论，没有解释前提和结论关系
(B) The distance between nesting sites and feeding sites of Atlantic loggerhead turtles is less than 5,000 kilometers.-----irrelevant,感觉只是在反驳结论是错的，没有说明前提和结论之间的关系
(C) Loggerhead hatchlings in Japanese waters have been declining in number for the last decade while the number of nesting sites near the Baja peninsula has remained constant.----removing from the number of hatching from the number of sit?解释没看明白
(D) Ninety-five percent of the DNA samples taken from the Baja turtles match those taken from Atlantic loggerhead turtles.---correct,所有的乌龟DNA匹配都为95%，由因导致与结论相悖的结果，不需要hatch in J
(E) Commercial aquariums have been successfully breeding Atlantic loggerheads with Pacific loggerheads for the last five years. -----irrelevant,水族馆是否能成功养育A L与文章推理过程无关



逻辑链：
2.34‘’
premise: weak currency →bargain in world market→export↑
conclusion:in order to cause another similarly sized increase in exports,government plan to make currency weak again.
prephrase: 实地全等（把作文的搬上来了）：过去有效不代表现在有效
               它因：不是因为低汇率导致的出口增加，是一个必要条件，但反过来说不一定，出口增加不一定要降低汇率
              方案副作用：降低汇率导致其他问题是方案不可行

3.39‘’
BG:poor sanitation in the city caused high mortality rates among the city's inhabitants, and what fueled the population increase was immigration from rural villages
Premise: the immigration has continued and city sanitation has improved enormously.
Conclusion:Yet the city's population growth has not significantly accelerated.
Q:explain:
prephrase: 解释要涉及两方面：说出两这共性并解释discrepancy,移民和好的卫生应该会使人口增加，但是某一部分population既不是移民也不受卫生条件的影响。。（我在说什么。。- -混乱了。。）


4.37''
作者against的一条逻辑链：
BG:  Plant scientists have used genetic engineering on seeds to produce crop plants that are highly resistant to insect damage.
premise:cost of these special seeds is much more than normal ones
Conclusion: the savings on pesticides would not compensate for the higher seed costs and the cost of additional fertilizer---means it is not necessary for farmers to plant genetic seeds
削弱结论的它因的逻辑链：
premise: consumers require plants without the use of pesticides continues to rise
Conclusion: the genetic engineering seeds are necessary.


5.38''
BG: Contrast:cost and profit margin:First-time computer buyers buying PXC home < PXC computers bought by people replacing their computers with more powerful models.
premise:the same number of PXC computers were sold and the prices and profit margins for each computer model that PXC sells remained unchanged last year
conclusion: Last year PXC's profits from computer sales were substantially higher than the previous year
Q:support
prephrase: 这题看懂了还蛮简单的：应该是那么背景中说到的，替代旧的PXC买家比一手买家多了嘛。。

simonleo

DEBCD
1.
Time:38s
P:95% of the DNA samples taken from the Baja turtles match those taken from turtles at the Japanese nesting sites.
C:juvenile pacific loggerheads that feed nearthe Baja Peninsula hatch in Japanese waters 10000 kilimeters away.
Pre:削弱。物种的基因本来就都基本上相同。

(A) Nesting sites of loggerhead turtles have been found the Pacific coast of North America Several thousand kilometers north of the Baja peninsula. 近一些，但是原文是说基因相近的原因导致的结论。所以无法削弱。
(B) The distance between nesting sites and feeding sites of Atlantic loggerhead turtles is less than 5,000 kilometers. 无关 考虑的不是距离
(C) Loggerhead hatchlings in Japanese waters have been declining in number for the last decade while the number of nesting sites near the Baja peninsula has remained constant. 无关
(D) Ninety-five percent of the DNA samples taken from the Baja turtles match those taken from Atlantic loggerhead turtles. 正解，说明了DNA不能作为判断依据。
(E) Commercial aquariums have been successfully breeding Atlantic loggerheads with Pacific loggerheads for the last five years. 无关

2
Time:1:17 像currency这种词总是不能很敏感很确定的反映出它的意思，想去联系实际去理解这种现象 耗时就长 需要加快。
P:Both times a weak currency made Darfir's manufactured products a bargain on world markets and exports were up substantially.
C:in order to cause another similarly sized increase in exports, the govern should allow the pundra to become weak again.
Pre:C-->E:pundra weak-->exports increase.
(A) Several of the politicians now recommending that the pundra be allowed to become weak made that same recommendation before each of the last two periods of currency weakness. 不能削弱 前两次的export确实增加了
(B) After several decades of operating well below peak capacity, Darfir's manufacturing sector is now operating at near-peak levels.无关 前两次也不知道manufactur的情况
(C) The economy of a country experiencing a rise in exports will become healthier only if the country's currency is strong or the rise in exports is significant. shell game 没有要考虑economy的情况 你说它的一个坏处，但是我要考虑的只是能不能增加exports
(D) Those countries whose manufactured products compete with Darfir's on the world market all currently have stable currencies. 从一定程度上看来增强了原建议。
(E) A sharp improvement in the efficiency of Darfir's manufacturing plants would make Darfir's products a bargain on world markets even without any weakening of the pundra relative to other currencies. 正解，给出他因削弱，还有其他情况可以导致export增加啊，不一定要靠pundra weak嘛
题目问话形式是 doubt that the politicians' recommendation will achieve its aim. 即要说明它不能achieve its aim。这么看来E也不好，因为似乎不能说明另外那种方法不能achieve。所以不确定选什么。


if the situation were to trigger much larger demand for the products, then the companies would also have to be able to make more of the products in order to satisfy that increased demand.

B means that they’re already making almost as much as they can today. In addition, they were not making anywhere near as much as they could 12 years ago and 5 years ago. That’s a change from the last two times when exports went up a lot. Does that change actually matter? If they can only make a little more product, will they be able to fill the demand if it goes up a lot? This one’s looking like it could weaken the situation.
理解方向出错了，题目中说 manufactured products 可以bargain 所以出口增多。该题目中B选项，说以前生产的产品都是低于饱和值的，即可以生产更多，那么当currency low的时候，就可以出口；现在能生产的products已经达到一个饱和值，low的时候，你能生产的都已经出口了，不能生产更多 则不能增加出口。
原文argument针对的是politation说的货币贬值，增加出口。问削弱这个方案的。
B中强调生产在peak level即 即便贬值，产能也不能达到更多出口。
出口要考虑两个因素，1.有没有市场。2.产能跟不跟的上。


3.
Time：34s
P:several years ago, the sanitation is bad which cause high mortality rates among city's inhabitants.
immigration from rural villages fueled the population increase.
C-P:immigration has continued and even increased and city sanitation has improved enormously, yet population growth has not significatly accelerated.
Pre:solve the paradox.也许有人从城市迁出到rural地区。
(A) Mortality rates that were associated with poor sanitation in Megacity a hundred years ago were orders of magnitude higher than are mortality rates associated with vehicular traffic, which is currently a major cause of death in the city. 无法解释， magnitute higher 说明了虽然现在车祸会导致人死亡 但是死亡数量比起以前卫生导致的要少得多 则应该增加很多才对
(B) For several decades, Megacity, as distinct from the countryside, has had a steadily declining birth rate. 正解 ，死亡率下降可以说明人口减少变慢 但是不能保证人口就会迅速增加，如果只有immigration一个增长因素，死亡率变不变化没有影响 则当然人口不会明显增加
(C) Cities smaller than Megacity have also experienced sustained population growth.无关
(D) The great majority of immigrants to Remsland settle in Megacity, at least initially.不能解释
(E) Megacity has long offered better employment prospects than most rural areas.不能解释

4.
Time:38s
p1:Unfortunately, the seeds themselves are quite expensive, and the plants require more fertilizer and water to grow well than normal ones.
c1:for most farmers the savings on pesticides would not compensate for the higher seed costs and the cost of additional fertilizer.
c-p:since consumer demand for grains, fruits, and vegetables grown without the use of pesticides continues to rise
c-c:the use of genetically engineered seeds of this kind is likely to become widespread.
pre:第一句是一个原因，可能会反驳arg的结论；第二句是一个可以支持结论的前提和arg的结论。
(A) The first supplies a context for the argument; the second is the argument's main conclusion.第一句不算是提供背景
(B) The first introduces a development that the argument predicts will have a certain outcome; the second is a state of affairs that the argument denies will be part of that outcome.错 这个affairs不是他和argument denies的
(C) The first presents a development that the argument predicts will have a certain outcome; the second acknowledges a consideration that weighs against that prediction. 正解
(D) The first provides evidence to support a prediction that the argument seeks to defend; the second is that prediction.第一个不是要defend的
(E) The first and the second each provide evidence to support the argument's main conclusion. 错

5.
Time：47s
P:1.first-time computer buyers buy models which are cheaper and have a smaller profit margin per computer than buyers who replave their computers with more powerful models.
2.last year profit from computer sales were higher than the previous year, same number of computers were sold and the price and profit margins for each model remained unchanged.
Pre: must be true，销售数量相等，各种机型价格、利润都没变化，但总收入增加。可以推出老顾客买的数量比以往多。
(A) PXC's competitors raised the prices on their computers last year, making PXC computers more attractive to first-time computer buyers. 无关信息
(B) The number of people buying PXC computers who also bought PXC computer-related products, such as printers, was larger last year than the previous year.得不出
(C) Among computer buyers who bought a PXC computer to replace their existing computer, the proportion who were replacing a computer made by a competitor of PXC was greater last year than the previous year. competitor 是新信息
(D) The proportion of PXC computers bought by first-time computer buyers was smaller last year than the previous year.正解 新顾客少 则第二次购买顾客多，则总收入增加
(E) PXC's production costs for its computers were lower last year than they had been the previous year.错 价格和利润都没变 则进价也没变。