【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-3】

xyinghe

1-3:
1. 32s
B: People purchase carpet only once or twice
P: The population ages
C: Carpet companies can only gain market share by acquisition not through aggressive marketing.

Cast the doubt: 消费者还是会关注广告？不是很明白

Key: E (D)
读题理解错误。

2. 28s
B: Scientist look for ways to remove CO2
P: They think grow seaweed in the ocean helps.

Weaken: seaweed释放的CO2比吸收的多

Key: B

3. 48s
J: Video rentals < 10,000 Because: new store sell videos cheap
B: the decline of 10,000 doesn’t match the sold 4,000

Weaken B: 买了的又给其他人看

Key: E

4. 25s
MW: same bottle → customers will mistakenly buy wines
DW: nope → labels are different

Weaken DW: 人们不看label，只看瓶子

Key: D

5. 30s
Subscribers: 30% merchandise made by subscribers are 35-
Advertisers: Most of merchandise were placed by people 35-

Must be true: 买东西的人为subscribers的少于不是subscribers 的

Key: E

manqianchen

There is relatively little room for growth in the
overall carpet market, which is tied to the size of the
population. Most who purchase carpet do so only
once or twice, first in their twenties or thirties, and
then perhaps again in their fifties or sixties. Thus as
the population ages, companies producing carpet
will be able to gain market share in the carpet market
only through purchasing competitors, and not
through more aggressive marketing.
Which one of the following, if true, casts the most
doubt on the conclusion above?
--BIBLE WEAKEN NO.3
P: most who puchase carpet do so only once or twice
C:Thus as
the population ages, companies producing carpet
will be able to gain market share in the carpet market
only through purchasing competitors, and not
through more aggressive marketing.
C: there is little room for growth in the overall carpet market

D: correct
A:irrelavant
Bpposite answer
DE irrelavant


【逻辑链】
2.
Scientists are discussing ways to remove excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by increasing the amount that is absorbed by plant life.  One plan to accomplish this is to establish giant floating seaweed farms in the oceans.  When the seaweed plants die, they will be disposed of by being burned for fuel.
Which of the following, if true, would indicate the most serious weakness in the plan above?
-- PREP07 CR1 NO.9
P:establish floating seaweed farms in the oceans the use them as fuel when they die
C: this method can remove excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by increasin ghte amount that is absorbed by plant

CORRECT:B

(A) Some areas of ocean in the Southern Hemisphere do not contain sufficient nutrients to support large seaweed farms.
didnt weaken completely: we can still grow seaweed some other areas of the ocean
(B) When a seaweed plant is burned, it releases an amount of carbon dioxide comparable to the amount it has absorbed in its lifetime.
CDE irrelavant

3.
Jennifer:  Video rental outlets in Centerville together handled 10,000 fewer video rentals in 1994 than in 1993.  The decline in rentals was probably due almost entirely to the February 1994 opening of Videorama, the first and only video rental outlet in the area that, in addition to renting videos, also sold them cheaply.

Brad:  There must be another explanation:  as you yourself said, the decline was on the order of 10,000 rentals.  Yet Videorama sold only 4,000 videos in 1994.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the force of the objection that Brad presents to Jennifer's explanation?
-- PREP07 CR1 NO.10

J:
F:C handled 10,000 fewer rental videos in 1994 than in 1993
p: Videorama opened and they not only rent out videos but also sell them cheaply
C: reduction in C is because of videorama
B:
V only sold out 4000, but the decline was 10,000

CORRECT:A
(A) In 1994 Videorama rented out more videos than it sold.
(B) In 1994 two new outlets that rent but that do not sell videos opened in Centerville.
strenghthen B by providing another explaination
CDE:irrelavant

4.
Mourdet Winery:  Danville Winery's new wine was introduced to compete with our most popular wine, which is sold in a distinctive tall, black bottle.  Danville uses a similar bottle.  Thus, it is likely that many customers intending to buy our wine will mistakenly buy theirs instead.

Danville Winery:  Not so.  The two bottles can be readily distinguished:  the label on ours, but not on theirs, is gold colored.

Which of the following, if true, most undermines Danville Winery's response?
-- PREP07 CR1 NO.11

MW:
P: DW's new wine was introduced to complete with our most popular wine and uses a similiar bottle as ours
C: customers intending to buy our wine are likely to buy DW's mistakenly
DW:
attacking the previous presmise: our label is gold colorer, but urs is not - the two bottles can be readily distringuished
(A) Gold is the background color on the label of many of the wines produced by Danville Winery.
irrelavant
(B) When the bottles are viewed side by side, Danville Winery's bottle is perceptibly taller than Mourdet Winery's.
strengthen
(C) Danville Winery, unlike Mourdet Winery, displays its wine's label prominently in advertisements.
CORRECT: another way to prove that DW introduced its wine to compete with MW's
(D) It is common for occasional purchasers to buy a bottle of wine on the basis of a general impression of the most obvious feature of the bottle.
(E) Many popular wines are sold in bottles of a standard design.
irrelavant


5.
Finding of a survey of Systems magazine subscribers:  Thirty percent of all merchandise orders placed by subscribers in response to advertisements in the magazine last year were placed by subscribers under age thirty-five.

Finding of a survey of advertisers in Systems magazine:  Most of the merchandise orders placed in response to advertisements in Systems last year were placed by people under age thirty-five.

1. 30% of all orders placed by SUBSCRIBERS were placed by SUBSCRIBERS under 35
2. most of the orders were placed by people under 35
1. is talking about the porportion among subscribers, while 2 is talking about people who placing the orders - the total numbers are different in these 2 cases
Correct: E

For both of the findings to be accurate, which of the following must be true?
-- PREP07 CR1 NO.12
(A) More subscribers to Systems who have never ordered merchandise in response to advertisements in the magazine ar
e age thirty-five or over than are under age thirty-five.
(B) Among subscribers to Systems, the proportion who are under age thirty-five was considerably lower last year than it is now.
(C) Most merchandise orders placed in response to advertisements in Systems last year were placed by Systems subscribers over age thirty-five.
(D) Last year, the average dollar amount of merchandise orders placed was less for subscribers under age thirty-five than for those age thirty-five or over.
irrelavant
(E) Last year many people who placed orders for merchandise in response to advertisements in Systems were not subscribers to the magazine.

Victoria_Xu

1、
（1）逻辑链
     Background: size of the population—little room of growth in the carpet market
     Premise: purchases carpet once or twice
     Conclusion: gain market share through purchasing competitors not marketing
（2）推测 weaken
     没想法
（3）选项分析
     A、答案：除了carpet 还有other floor coverings
     B、无关
     C、无关
     D、无关
     E、无关
很不确定


2、
（1）逻辑链  
     Background：remove excess CD by increasing the plant to absorb
     Premise: seaweed plants die, burned for fuel
     Conclusion: a plan-grow seaweed farms
（2）推测 weaken
     1\ burned for fuel 之后，burn的过程以及fuel又会产生more CD
（3）选项分析
     A、可以部分weaken ，但毕竟只是some areas of ocean
     C、无关 fuel不是重点
     D、无关 background信息
     E、无关

     答案：B 与推测一致

3、
（1）逻辑链
     J: conclusion：94比93少了10000 （Video in C）
      Premise：opening of V （rent+ sold cheaply）

     B：against  
        少了10000 而V只卖了4000
（2）推测 weaken B
     1\ sold cheaply改变了当地人习惯，不喜欢租了
（3）选项分析
     A、无关  比较对象错误
     B、无关
     C、无关  B反对的只是解释 而不是反对租量减少这个事实
      D、无关

      答案：E  与推测思路一样


4、
（1）逻辑链
     MW： DW与我们最popular wine竞争，use a similar bottle
           Conclusion：many customers 会想买我们的而错买他们的
     DW： against
           两个瓶子可以区分W的label is gold colored
（2）推测  weaken DW
     1\ 瓶子大体一样 customer购买时不会仔细看label
（3）选项分析
     A、无关
     B、support DW
     C、无关
     E、无关
   
     答案：D 与推测方向一致

344531519

精练1
1.0'29
2.
P1: Customers only buy carpet twice in their life time on average.
P2:The population will not grow rapidly
C:To increase the market share, company should buy its comprtitor rather than actively marketing.
3.Customer really care about the price and quality of the carpet because they won't change it frequently.
4.C
5.
A.irr
B.irr
D.str
E.irr

逻辑链1
1.0'17
2.
P1.Scientists use sea floating plants to absorb the carbon dioxide and burn the plants after they die.
C:Carbon dioxide in the air will be decreased.
3.
The burning of the plants will release about the same amount of carbon dioxide into the air as it has absorbed during

the life time.
4.
B
5.
A.irr
C.irr
D.irr
E.irr

逻辑链2
1.0'42
2.
Con.The video tapes rent in 1994 are 10000 less than those in 1993 due to the opening of the V shop,which in addition to

rent, also sell tapes cheaply.
For.They only sell 4000 tapes last year.
3.
people would lend the tapes they bought to they friends.
4.
E
5.
A.irr
B.irr
C.irr
D.irr

逻辑链3
1.0'22
2.
Con:the bottles of the two brand wines are quite similar.customer would mistakenly buy another brand.
For:Nah, there is a gold label on our bottle.
3. Customer may not find the difference if they are not familiar
4.D
5.
A:irr
B:str
C:irr
E:irr

逻辑链4
1.2'23
2.
F1: 30% orders placed by the subscriber in response to the AD in the magazine are placed by people under age of 35.
F2: Almost all the orders placed by the magzine subscribers are placed by those readers under age of 35.
3.people under 35 are more likely to respond to the AD
4.E
5.
A:irr
B:irr
C:irr
D:irr

览物之情

10月4号
1 33s
Premise: There is relatively little room for growth in the
overall carpet market, which is tied to the size of the
population.
Conclusion: Thus as the population ages, companies gain market share in the carpet market only through purchasing competitors, and not through more aggressive marketing.
问 weaken
因果推理：因果无联系。
P even the market size is fixed. Company can win customers from their competitors through marketing. There must others whys except purchasing.
A)        Most of the major carpet producers market
other floor coverings as well. 无关，结论讲的是地毯
(B) Most established carpet producers market
several different brand names and varieties,
and there is no remaining niche in the
market for new brands to fill. 加强
(C) Two of the three mergers in the industry’s last
ten years led to a decline in profits and
revenues for the newly merged companies. 无关，讲的是market share not profit
(D) Price reductions, achieved by cost-cutting in
production, by some of the dominant firms
in the carpet market are causing other
producers to leave the market altogether. Correct cost cutting can refer to aggressive marketing and when other producer leave the market share increase.
(E) The carpet market is unlike most markets in
that consumers are becoming increasingly
resistant to new patterns and styles. 加强

2 30s
Background: to remove excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by increasing the amount that is absorbed by plant life.
Plan: to establish giant floating seaweed farms in the oceans.  When the seaweed plants die, they will be disposed of by being burned for fuel.
Which of the following, if true, would indicate the most serious weakness in the plan above?
方案评估 weaken
Cq1 可行性the seaweed can not be collected in the oceans. Cq2 side effect: cause other fish to die.
B
(A) Some areas of ocean in the Southern Hemisphere do not contain sufficient nutrients to support large seaweed farms. 备选可行性 和B比较不是最serious weakness
(B) When a seaweed plant is burned, it releases an amount of carbon dioxide comparable to the amount it has absorbed in its lifetime. Correct side effect
(C) Even if seaweed farms prove effective, some people will be reluctant to switch to this new fuel. 备选可行性和B比较不是最serious weakness
(D) Each year about seven billion tons of carbon dioxide are released into the atmosphere but only about five billion tons are absorbed by plant life. 无关
(E) Seaweed farms would make more money by farming seaweed to sell as nutritional supplements than by farming seaweed to sell as fuel. 无关

3 36s
Jennifer: premise: Video rental outlets handled 10,000 fewer video rentals in 1994 than in 1993.  
Conclusion: The decline in rentals was probably due almost entirely to the opening of Video rama, the video rental outlet in the area that, in addition to renting videos, also sold them cheaply.

Brad:  conclusion: There must be another explanation: premise: as you yourself said, the decline was on the order of 10,000 rentals.  Yet Videorama sold only 4,000 videos in 1994.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the force of the objection that Brad presents to Jennifer's explanation?
相关因果：cq1相关性CQ2独立第三因素CQ3中间因素CQ4因果方向。
P：sold 4,000, but maybe rent more
A
A)        In 1994 Videorama rented out more videos than it sold. correct
(B) In 1994 two new outlets that rent but that do not sell videos opened in Centerville. 加强
(C) Most of the video rental outlets in Centerville rent videos at a discount on certain nights of the week. 无关
(D) People often buy videos of movies that they have previously seen in a theater. 无关
(E) People who own videos frequently loan them to their friends. 无关

4 33s
Mourdet Winery: premise: Danville uses a similar bottle.  
Conclusion: Thus, customers intending to buy our wine will mistakenly buy theirs instead.
Danville Winery: Not so.  Conclusion: The two bottles can be readily distinguished:  because: the label on ours, but not on theirs, is gold colored.
Which of the following, if true, most undermines Danville Winery's response?
因果推理，只看danville
P: customers do not pay attention to the label. D
A) Gold is the background color on the label of many of the wines produced by Danville Winery. 无关
(B) When the bottles are viewed side by side, Danville Winery's bottle is perceptibly taller than Mourdet Winery's. 加强
(C) Danville Winery, unlike Mourdet Winery, displays its wine's label prominently in advertisements. 无关
(D) It is common for occasional purchasers to buy a bottle of wine on the basis of a general impression of the most obvious feature of the bottle. correct
(E) Many popular wines are sold in bottles of a standard design. 无关

5 29S 有点confuse
Finding of a survey of Systems magazine subscribers:  Thirty percent of all orders in response to advertisements were placed by subscribers under age thirty-five.

Finding of a survey of advertisers in Systems magazine:  Most of the merchandise orders placed in response to advertisements in Systems last year were placed by people under age thirty-five.

For both of the findings to be accurate, which of the following must be true?
演绎推理
) More subscribers to Systems who have never ordered merchandise in response to advertisements in the magazine are age thirty-five or over than are under age thirty-five. 根据演绎推理correct
(B) Among subscribers to Systems, the proportion who are under age thirty-five was considerably lower last year than it is now. 无关
(C) Most merchandise orders placed in response to advertisements in Systems last year were placed by Systems subscribers over age thirty-five. 无关
(D) Last year, the average dollar amount of merchandise orders placed was less for subscribers under age thirty-five than for those age thirty-five or over. The average amount of dollar无关
(E) Last year many people who placed orders for merchandise in response to advertisements in Systems were not subscribers to the magazine. Weaken 没有代表性

supsophy

DBADE

3.weaken – 46s
C: companies gain market share only through purchasing competitors not more aggressive marketing.
P:little room for growth , related to population
Infer: still have room- other reason to buy the carpet
Export
A: not only market carpet but other covering. Have nothing to do with the carpet market.—irr
B: …
C: fact weaken.
D:irr
E: support

2. weaken – 33s
C: plan- establish seaweed farms in the oceans.- reduce dioxide
Background: when the seaweed die, they will be disposed( burned )
Infer: burning will produce more CO2

3.weaken – 55s
C: not V
P: C 1994< 10 000 1993;  V sold 4000 in 1994
Infer: 就是V
Sold 4000 but more rent

4.weaken – 37s
C: many customers don’t mistake D instead of M.
P: bottles easy distinguished: label is gold colored.
Infer: label is on the bottom or some place not easy be found.
No one look careful on the label

5. infer – 1’30
P1: 30% -by sub -- sub <35
P2: most – people <35
A out of
B now- out of scope

花生张

计时：1.12S
逻辑链：carpet market tied to population size ---people buy carpet once or twice ----people age—little market share growth through aggressive marketing  
推测：weaken?
现在只买once or twice，不意味一直都是这样
Population size会增大，或者人们越来越需要carpet
除了市场繁荣，就只有靠和竞争者竞争才能增加市场份额吗？
选项分析：选D
A 提供了第三种可能，先保留
B 有很多品牌又怎样？有竞争壁垒又怎样？
C 无关
D 竞争者退出市场，市场份额自然空出来了，保留
E 加强
A D比较，A只说覆盖了其他的地毯市场，如果其他的地毯市场不繁荣呢？对结论没有直接的影响 所以选D

计时：34S
逻辑链： establish giant floating seaweed farms---increasing the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by plant life—remove excess carbon dioxide
推测：weaken？
方案的四个CQ
选项分析：选B
A 涉及方案的可行性 保留
B 涉及方案的有效性 保留
C 无关
D 5 billion还不够？ 无关
E 能减少二氧化碳就行，管你怎么处理
A B 比较，B更有力的削弱的结论， A：这个方案又不一定要在全球实施，部分地方种不了也不影响全局

计时：37S
逻辑链：A:V店开张便宜卖碟—租碟量下降10000   B：V店只卖了4000张碟，所以租碟量下降跟V店无关，有其他的原因
推测：削弱，找就是V店开张导致的！
V店卖了4000张碟，租了多少张呢？
选项分析：选A
A  V店租了超过4000张的碟 保留
B 又有新的店开张，但是生意怎么样没说，对结论没有直接影响
C 无关
D 无关
E 加强



计时：43S
逻辑链：DW的新酒和我们家买的最好的酒包装很相似----顾客可能会买错
        不会买错：标签不一样
推测：weaken
顾客没有那么仔细的看标签
选项分析：选D
A 无关
B 加强
C 加强
D 削弱
E 无关

计时：52S
逻辑链：30%的杂志订阅者对杂志上的广告反应的人年龄低于35岁
        大部分的杂志购买者对杂志广告反应的人年龄低于35岁
选项分析：选E 订阅者只是购买者的一部分

cecidefok

1
Premise:1地毯市场,由population大小决定,发展空间有限
           2.买地毯的人通常只在20,30岁和50,60岁买1到2次
Conclusion:人群变老,地毯公司只有收购才能增加市场份额,不能通过其他更有效的营销方式
问削弱
推测:1.可以有其他有效的营销方式增加市场份额
       2.收购并不能增加市场份额
A.与其他产品无关
B.Strengthen了,市场中没有插入的机会,只能靠收购来争取其他客户
C.没有削弱,即使profit和revenue降,但没有说明没有使市场份额增加
D.Weaken了,说明price reduction是一种争取客户的方式
E.Strengthen了,顾客不喜欢新款式,说明只能靠收购其他公司来获得客源                故选D

2.
Premise: 1.increase the amount of CO2 that is absorbed by plant
            2.establish seaweed farms in the oceans
            3.seaweed will be burned for fuel when died
Conclusion: the plan helps
问削弱
推测:1.burn时会产生比absorb了CO2更大的量的CO2
选B
         

3.
J: 1994年比1993年少10000次租碟,原因是新开的Videorama(将碟便宜卖出)
B:必有另一可能解释不关Videorama的事,因为它只卖出4000张碟
问削弱B
推测:1.Videorama的便宜卖带动租赁,故关V的事

故选A

4.
M: 因为D的酒瓶和我们的酒瓶相像,故顾客可能会错买D的酒
D:不会,因为我们酒瓶上的标签是金色,M的不是
问削弱D
推测:顾客对标签不敏感
故选D

5.
A.与over 35的人无关
B.与now无关
C.与over 35的人无关
D.同C
E.答案

紫星当空

3 1分13秒
P carpet的市场竞争很小
C 公司只需要打压对手就可以增加市场份
预测：
D对吧
ABCE无关

2        34秒
P establish giant floating seaweed farms in the oceans
G 减少多余的CO2
预测：即使多重海草也不能减轻大气中的CO2
A 个别不影响整体
B 削弱，
C同A
D没提到seaweed无关
E与钱无关

3        55秒
P the decline was on the order of 10,000 rentals.  Yet Videorama sold only 4,000 videos in 1994.
C  并不全是v 的原因导致销量下降
预测：就是V导致销量下降，少的6000可以它因解释
E正确，借给朋友就有人不买了
A只是说多但是相加不一定等于10000
BCD无关

4        32秒•
P 我们的商标是金色的很容易区分
C 不容易两个牌子拿错
预测 人们不会注意商标
A BCE无关
D 正确，人们不会注意——容易拿错

5        55秒
非argument无PC
A文中无大于35岁的
B无关比较
C同A
D同上
E正确

yuehuasunday

Section: 1-3

1.
Background:
Overall Carpet Market, is tied to the size of the population.



Premise: A person only purchase carpet twice in their lives.



Conclusion: Can only buy competitors to expand the business.

(A) not related
(B) not related
© support the conclusion
(D) Correct
(E) not related

2.
Background: Try to reduce CO2 in the atmosphere by using plants

Premise: Floating seaweed farms in the sea will be used

Conclusion: Seaweed will be used, and used for fuel when they die.

(A) Weaken, but not enough
(B) Correct
© unrelated
(D) unrelated
(E) unrelated to the goal

3.
Background: Less video rented

Premise: A new store was opened

Conclusion: There must be another explanation to the decline.

(A) mis-leading, incorrect  
(B) unrelated
© unrelated, doesn't do the objection
(D)  unrelated
(E) Correct

Reason: The rental sharing can easily increase the number of 4000

4.
Background: Similar looking wine bottle

Premise: The customers will mistakenly buy theirs instead

Conclusion: Different label, therefore the customers won't get confused

(A) unrelated  
(B) Support
© Support
(D) Correct
(E) Support

5.
Background: Finding of a survey of subscribers

Premise: 35% bought by people under 35

Conclusion: most brought by people under 35

(A) unrelated
(B) unrelated
© mistaken
(D) unrelated
(E) Correct