[求助]OG-60

summersmile

60.
Since the routine use of antibiotics can give rise to resistant bacteria capable of surviving antibiotic environments, the presence of resistant bacteria in people could be due to the human use of prescription antibiotics. Some scientists, however, believe that most resistant bacteria in people derive from human consumption of bacterially infected meat.

Which of the following statements, if true, would most significantly strengthen the hypothesis of the scientists?

(A) Antibiotics are routinely included in livestock feed so that livestock producers can increase the rate of growth of their animals.
(B) Most people who develop food poisoning from bacterially infected meat are treated with prescription antibiotics.
(C) The incidence of resistant bacteria in people has tended to be much higher in urban areas than in rural areas where meat is of comparable quality.
(D) People who have never taken prescription antibiotics are those least likely to develop resistant bacteria.
(E) Livestock producers claim that resistant bacteria in animals cannot be transmitted to people through infected meat.

A is the best answer.
If livestock are routinely fed antibiotics, as choice A states, meat from livestock is likely to contain the resistant bacteria, since any routine use of antibiotics can result in resistant bacteria. Thus, choice A is the best answer.
How cases of food poisoning are treated (choice B) fails to indicate whether the infecting bacteria are resistant bacteria.
Choice C suggests that meat consumption is not the primary culprit  for the high incidence of resistant bacteria.
Choice D tends to support the competing hypothesis that prescription antibiotics are responsible.
Choice E asserts that livestock farmers claim that the hypothesis is false, but it provides no basis for evaluating the truth of this claim.

1）我不明白A, the hypothesis说：科学家认为人类体内的resistant bacteria是因为吃了被细菌感染的肉；ets对A的解释说: livestock吃了antibiotics--〉livestock体内含resistant bacteria--〉resistant bacteria转移到人类体内
问题在于虽然两种说法的共同点在于人类体内的resistant bacteria都是来自livestock，但这中间有差异,就是 “被细菌感染的肉 ”的食用而产生resistant bacteria与resistant bacteria的转移
2）不明白ets对B的解释,常识是细菌感染产生resistant bacteria，infecting bacteria 与 resistantbacteria是因果关系，怎么现在被相提并论？而且从题意，B是削弱，怎么似乎ets认为是无关

望牛牛们帮忙解惑！

dreamer710821

原文

第一句话因果 ：人类吃含有抗生素的处方à人体内含有抗药性的细菌

第二句话他因反驳前面因果：科学家 人吃了受细菌感染的肉à抗药性细菌

(A)抗生素常常(routinely)加入饲料中à让牲畜成长快

+ 原文the first line:常常吃抗生素à抗药性细菌，假设人和动物只要常常吃抗生素à抗药性细菌

支持科学家说法：人吃了受抗药性细菌感染的肉à抗药性细菌

(B)肉和处方都是原因：肉是最先的原因，处方是中间原因à结果

原文第三个字routine(常常吃抗生素à抗药性细菌)，常常中毒才会常常服用含有抗生素的处方à人体内含有抗药性的细菌

食物中毒是因为吃下受哪一种细菌感染的肉，并没有指明是受抗药性的细菌感染的肉

summersmile

非常感谢mm, 你解释的太清楚了！

关键在于believe that most resistant bacteria in people derive from human consumption of bacterially infected meat这句话的理解，here, bacterially infected meat 指抗药性细菌，不是广义上的细菌。

爱维的天

说实在的，我还是不是很明白这题，

dreamer71082的解释很详细，但加入了太多多余的假设，

有没有人可以再帮帮忙啊!

光这题就看了半个小时了….

agk99

我是一直困擾在A和E，有沒有人可以分一下

幫忙頂

jinglecao

不好意思重发了帖子，现在找到原帖了。

看了前人关于该题的讨论,但是我始终无法推出A的逻辑性。有没有大侠可以再详细说明一下，万分感谢！

携隐

本题的focus是livestoke和人类感染某种病菌之间的关系。加强答案就是要加强这个关系。结合文章给出的背景知识，A其实就说明livestoke是带有这种感染病菌的，而且一旦被人吃下去，人也会感染该病菌（因为对抗生素的任何形式的接触都可能产生抵抗性病菌），这不就是加强吗？BCDE都无关啊。

sammaijgd

当初我在A和B中选择.

谈谈我的看法

B Most people who develop food poisoning from bacterially infected meat are treated with prescription antibiotics

treat的结果有可能从病肉带过来的细菌被prescription antibiotics杀死

不能很好支持结论

wingkim

hypothesis:Some scientists, however, believe that most resistant bacteria in people derive from human consumption of bacterially infected meat.不能当成立的条件。

(A) Antibiotics are routinely included in livestock feed so that livestock producers can increase the rate of growth of their animals.

we can get that antibiotics are included in meat from choice A,and people have eaten meat from the passage.But we also need an assumption that antibiotics can stay in people's bodies if they ate infected meat to conclude scientist's hypothesis.

carolhide

我觉得关键在derive from这个词，说明这个resistant bacteria 是由肉里派生出来的，而不是人体自己吃处方药生出来。所以B是无关的。