33. Art restorers who have been studying the factors that cause Renaissance oil paintings to deteriorate physically when subject to climatic changes have found that the oil paintused in these paintings actually adjusts to these changes well. The restorers therefore hypothesize that it is a layer of material called gesso, which is under the paint, that causes the deterioration. Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the restore rs' hypothesis? (A) Renaissance oil paintings with a thin layer of gesso are less likely to show deterioration in response to climatic changes than those with a thicker layer. (8) Renaissance oil paintings are often painted on wooden panels, which swell when humidity increases and contractwhen it declines. (C) Oil paint expands and contracts readily in response to changes in temperature, but it absorbs little water and so is little affected by changes in humidity. (0) An especially hard and nonabsorbent type of gesso was the rawmaterial for moldings on the frames of Renaissance oil paintings. (E) Gesso layers applied by Renaissance painterstypically consisted of a coarse base layer onto which several increasingly fine-grained layers were applied .
34. If the airspace around centrally located airports were restricted to commercial airliners and only those private planes equipped with radar, most of the private-plane traffic would be forced to use outlying airfields. Such a reduction inthe amount of private-plane traffic would reduce the risk of midair collision around the centrally located airports. The conclusion drawn in the first sentence depends onwhich of the following assumptions? (A) Outlying airfields would be as convenient as centrally located airports for most pilots of private planes. (8) Most outlying airfields are not equipped to handle commercial-airline traffic. (C) Most private planes that use centrally located airports are not equipped with radar. (D) Commercial airliners are at greater risk of becoming involved in midair collisions than are private planes . (E) Areduction in the risk of midair collision would eventually lead to increases in commercial airline traffic.
35. Two decades after the Emerald River Dam was built, none of the eightfish species native to the Emerald River was still reproducing adequately in the river below the dam. Since the dam reduced the annual range of water temperature in the river below the dam from 50 degrees to 6 degrees, scientists have hypothesized that sharply rising water temperatures must be involved in signaling the native species to begin the reprodu ctive cycle. Which of the following statements, if true, would most strengthen the scientists' hypothesis? (A) The native fish species were still able to reproduce only in side streams of the riverbelow the damwhere the annual temperature range remains approximately 50 degrees. (B) Before the dam was built, the Emerald River annually overflowed its banks, creating backwaters that were critical breeding areas for the native species of fish . (e) The lowest recorded temperature of the Emerald River before the dam was builtwas 34 degrees, whereas thelowest recorded temperature of the river after the damwas built has been 43 degrees. (D) Nonnative species of fish, introduced into the Emerald River after the dam was built, have begun competing with the declining native fish species for food and space. (E) Five of the fish species native to the Emerald River are not native to any other river in North America.
36. Certain messenger molecules fight damage to the lungs from noxious air by telling the muscle cells encircling the lungs' airways to contract. This partially seals off the lungs. An asthma attack occurs when the messenger molecules are activated unnecessarily, in response to harmless things like pollen or household dust. Which of the following, if true, points to the most serious flaw of a plan to develop a medication that would prevent asthma attacks by blocking receipt of any messages sent bythemessenger molecules referred to above? (Al Researchers do not yet know how the body produces the messenger molecules that trigger asthma attacks. (8l Researchers do not yet knowwhatmakes one person's messenger molecules moreeasily activated than another's. (C) Such a medication would not become available for several years, because of long lead times in both development and manufacture. (0) Such a medication would be unable to distinguish betweenmessages triggered by pollen and household dust and messages triggered bynoxious air. (El Such a medication would be a preventative only and would be unable to alleviate an asthma attack once it had started. 1AA:.本月机经7次
原题：The country of Bonaria held a major soccer event five yearsago. Therefore, if the country continues to hold major sport events, tourismwill increase rapidly in the country and thus bring benefits to the country'seconomy. 提供观点： 1、错误的由时间先后推出因果关系
34s P: The oil painting can adjust its paint with the temperature. C: The layer called gesso normally makes the painting deteriorate. S: The oil painting with this layer is easily to deteriorate than the one without this layer. A: E (被忽悠了~~A) (A) Renaissance oil paintings with a thin layer of gesso are less likely to show deterioration in response to climatic changes than those with a thicker layer. (layer的amount是否和climate影响painting有关) (8) Renaissance oil paintings are often painted on wooden panels, which swell when humidity increases and contractwhen it declines. (we don't care where the oil painting painted) (C) Oil paint expands and contracts readily in response to changes in temperature, but it absorbs little water and so is little affected by changes in humidity. (it does not mention layer at all, so it doesn't have any effect) (0) An especially hard and nonabsorbent type of gesso was the rawmaterial for moldings on the frames of Renaissance oil paintings. (we don't care what is this layer is made) (E) Gesso layers applied by Renaissance painters typically consisted of a coarse base layer onto which several increasingly fine-grained layers were applied . (we are not told if this application affects the painting or not)
30s P：airspace around central only requires commercial airlines with radar. C: The accident will be reduced in central space since other private airlines will be flying somewhere else. A: There are private commercial airlines without radar equipped. A: C(注意would be forced to use，就是说plan在讲话时还没实行，那么现状则和plan相反）
(A) Outlying airfields would be as convenient as centrally located airports for most pilots of private planes. (convience is irrelevant here) (8) Most outlying airfields are not equipped to handle commercial-airline traffic. (we don't care about the capactity of outlying air fields.) (C) Most private planes that use centrally located airports are not equipped with radar. (D) Commercial airliners are at greater risk of becoming involved in midair collisions than are private planes . (no comparison) (E) A reduction in the risk of midair collision would eventually lead to increases in commercial airline traffic. (irrelevant)
34s P: The fish below the river dam stops to reproduce since the temperature is dropped from 50 to 6 degree. C: The fish will reproduce if the temperature raises. S: The fish can reproduce in the same river where the temp. is above 50 degree. A:
(A) The native fish species were still able to reproduce only in side streams of the riverbelow the damwhere the annual temperature range remains approximately 50 degrees. (B) Before the dam was built, the Emerald River annually overflowed its banks, creating backwaters that were critical breeding areas for the native species of fish . (before the dam was built is not our case) (e) The lowest recorded temperature of the Emerald River before the dam was builtwas 34 degrees, whereas thelowest recorded temperature of the river after the damwas built has been 43 degrees. (the temperature is different from the increase the temp.) (D) Nonnative species of fish, introduced into the Emerald River after the dam was built, have begun competing with the declining native fish species for food and space. (nothing is mentioned about the temp. increase) (E) Five of the fish species native to the Emerald River are not native to any other river in North America. (any other river in North america is out of scope)
45s P: The molecule will seal off the lung from noxious air, but at this moment, the Asthma occurs. C: The medical plan can block the messenger that send to block the athma. W: The messenger will bring other negative effects if the medical plan blocks them. A: D
(Al Researchers do not yet know how the body produces the messenger molecules that trigger asthma attacks. (possible,little effect) (8l Researchers do not yet knowwhatmakes one person's messenger molecules moreeasily activated than another's. (they don't have to know which messenger is easier to activate, they need to know how to block) (C) Such a medication would not become available for several years, because of long lead times in both development and manufacture. (but this plan still can take effect finally) (0) Such a medication would be unable to distinguish betweenmessages triggered by pollen and household dust and messages triggered bynoxious air.
(El Such a medication would be a preventative only and would be unable to alleviate an asthma attack once it had started. (then it still works since it blocks certain messengers)
AA: The country of Bonaria held a major soccer event five yearsago. Therefore, if the country continues to hold major sport events, tourismwill increase rapidly in the country and thus bring benefits to the country's economy. Conclusion: The country of B will continue to hold a major sport events to bring benefits to the country. Argument: 1. The country of B held a successful soccer game 5 years ago doesn't mean it will be successful again by holding another one in 5 years. 2. Will the expenditure of this soccer game exceed the renvenue ? 3. OTher countries may also hold the games at the same time, this will bring a competition among country B and others.
占座 马上回来~ ------------------------------ 42 p:when climate changes, oil painting deteriorates oil painted used can adjust to the climatic changes well c:gesso, the material under the paint, cause the deterioration. s:gesso can not adjust to the climatic changes well a:a G层越厚，受气候变化恶劣程度越高 弥补gap 25 p:the airplace is opened to commercial planes and private planes with radar most of private planes are restricted access to the areplace c: the reduction of most private planed can reduce the midair collision a: no other factors cause the collision a: c 虽然选对了，但和我想的不一样，记忆里有道类似的题目选的恶劣天气，那好像是道削弱题 30 p: the reproduction of fish below the dam was not adequate after the dam was built the dam reduced the range of water temperature c:high temperature was the signal that fish began to reproduce a:a 加强结论 37 p:certain molecules make lungs off in response to noxious air an asthma happens when certain molecules act unnecessatily in response to pollen or dust 额。。结论不见了？ = =| a:d 阻止接收讯号，那若遇到有毒气体，不能及时seals off the lungs，后果不堪设想。。。
1. 27s premise-art restorer found that paintings resist to climate change well. conclusion-art restorer hypothesize that it's a material called G causes the damage to painting. guess support: painting with G has damages but painting with out G doesn't suffer from damage. both of the paintings resist to climate change well. A
2. 31s -airport is centrally restricted to commercial airplanes. -those private airplanes go outfield. -conclusion: less collision. guess assumption: collisions happen mostly between commerical airplane and private airplane, instead of between two commercial airplane or two private airplane. D
3. 34s -after the dam was built, the fish's reproduction rate declined. -the dam caused the water temperature to change from 50 degree to 6 degree. -scientists hypothesize that it's the dam that caused the decline. guess support: no idea...maybe to strength the reasoning that it's the dam that directly caused the temperature change, or it's the temperature change that directly caused the problem. E 哎，不知道，这题整个混乱，看了第三遍觉得选A。。。
4. 60s!!!! -XX fight damage to lung's XX by shut up the airway -asthma activate the airway, allowing harmless particles such as pollen to get in. -forgot!!! guess flaw: no idea... A
1.【38s】 P：a painting deteriorates when it comes to climate change-->oil painting keep well when it face cliamte C: gesso cause the deteriorate. Support: there is no gesso in the oil painting. (......我也想说被忽悠了~读题的时候，理解成油画不容易腐烂，原来是油画材料。。。还有这道题，如果没有A选项，是不D也是可以的？？？？？） 2.【31s】 P:airports restricted to the commercial airlines and private airlines with radar---->less private airline traffic C:less collision. assumption: the main cause of the collision is the too much private plane. (也是和我想的不一样，这里的搭桥是条件之间的桥，而非条件和结论间的桥） 3.【27s】 P：built a dame-->fish reproductive rate decrease. C: temperature change---> reproductive change. support: provide an exact example that temperature is the cause of the reproductive change. 4:[50s]这道题学术了~~读了两遍~~额~~~ P：molecules fight poisonous air-->lungs airway increase asthma occur when molecules active unnecessary. C：a medicine will prevent asthma trough block any messages weaken: asthma sometimes have benefit to health.（又偏了~~ 额·~）
bala, 我觉得33题D选项无关的，因为题目说的是a layer called gesso under the oil painting, 可是D是：An especially hard and nonabsorbent type of gesso was the raw material for moldings on the frames of Renaissance oil painting. 所以这个说layer在frame上面，那么位置不同，所以不能由在frame上面就推断对oil painting的影响。第一次做这道题目时也犯了和bala同样的错误呢。
bala, 我觉得33题D选项无关的，因为题目说的是a layer called gesso under the oil painting, 可是D是：An especially hard and nonabsorbent type of gesso was the raw material for moldings on the frames of Renaissance oil painting. 所以这个说layer在frame上面，那么位置不同，所以不能由在frame上面就推断对oil painting的影响。第一次做这道题目时也犯了和bala同样的错误呢。
5. 1.a sports event achieve success five years ago can not guarantee it will achieve same success now. 2.hold sports event may lead disadvantage overweight to the advantage: environmental pollution. 3.the main reason of the tourism may not hold the sports event, there may be other better way.
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发表于 2011-10-3 17:12:22
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