【第一期阅读小分队（已结束）】【每日阅读练习贴——速度+越障】【一楼汇总】（另附CD首发花儿阅读教材PDF）

fox0923 · 发表于 2011-7-2 10:17:52

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LZ太强了，我一直想要找一个这样的timeer，要不然每次我都是在自己看时间。。对了。你的文章有特殊的分类马？我也想帮忙找找。。economist magazine上面的可以吗？要那种类型的比较好？<div style="text-align:right;">-- by 会员 fox0923 (2011/7/1 6:51:37)</div> 
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这个timer也是以前在准备GRE的时候板油发的~^^我的文章目前都是在VOA的网站上面的special English里面找的哈~难度适中,比较适合做速度练习~分类倒是没有,不过科技和business的我觉得会比较贴近考试会接触到的field~<div style="text-align:right;">-- by 会员 抓抓sandra (2011/7/2 9:41:03)</div> 
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 好的，那我清楚了。。我先来搜集一下，然后你们这些NN看看行不行。。。可能文章难易的程度把握的还不是很好。。

fox0923 · 发表于 2011-7-2 10:47:14

速度自测~~ Faith in farming    Fred Kirschenmann, AM’62, PhD’64, wants to pass on his self-taught sustainable-agriculture lessons to younger generations.    By Lydialyle Gibson     &nbsp

hotography by Stone Barns Center 只有最后一段大概有290个字左右，最初的四段文字控制在250字左右。NN看一下这种文章行不行，我还可以找找其他的source。

art I (计时) Stone Barns Center educates children and farmers about sustainable agriculture.     From success to failure. That’s what Fred Kirschenmann’s colleagues thought when he told them he was leaving his post as academic dean at Curry College, a liberal-arts school just outside Boston, to go home to North Dakota and take over the family farm. It was 1976. Kirschenmann’s father had just survived a mild heart attack, and the doctors told him it was time to leave the work and worry of managing 3,100 acres of wheat, oats, sunflowers, and cattle to someone else. At his father’s insistence, Kirschenmann, AM’62, PhD’64, had left for college more than two decades earlier, looking for opportunities beyond the farm.  Now, he decided, it was time to return. “I needed to get back onto the land,” Kirschenmann says. So he and his family moved west.  Neighboring farmers in North Dakota believed he was veering from success to failure too. Against all advice, Kirschenmann planned to convert the farm—which his parents had sustained through the Dust Bowl years and built into a lasting, profitable enterprise—to organic agriculture. “He’s going to farm organically? Without fertilizer?” Kirschenmann remembers his neighbors saying. “His father worked so hard all his life to create this great farm, and now he’s going to ruin it.”

art II (计时)  But Kirschenmann’s earliest conservationism began with his father: “I can still remember him lecturing me when I was five years old, with his finger stuck out at me, about how important it was to take care of the land.” In 1973 Kirschenmann learned of organics from one of his students, a Nebraskan named David Vetter, and he tried to convince his father to convert. Intrigued, his father still said no: at his age, he couldn’t undertake such a radical change. When Kirschenmann came home to run the farm, he told his father he would go organic. “And his response was, ‘Well, whatever works.’”  Modern organic-farming practices were not widely known in the late 1970s, and Kirschenmann taught himself, mostly through trial and error. His crop yields dropped sharply at first, and weeds nearly took over his fields. He had trouble working out the right crop rotation; he didn’t plant enough legumes to restore his unfertilized soil; he didn’t understand the importance of composting manure. “We made some mistakes in those early years,” he says, “and then the neighbors were really sure we were going to ruin it. Because on a farm, your mistakes are visible to everybody.”  Within five years, the place was prosperous again. The crops were thriving. Kirschenmann was well into a project that would shape the rest of his life. In the decades since, he has become a spokesman and advocate, an educator and organizer for sustainable agriculture. He travels the country to speak at conferences and universities and has helped to found groups and programs that bring sustainable farmers together and that provide money and assistance.

art III (计时)  He now splits his time between Ames, Iowa, where he’s a distinguished fellow and former director of Iowa State University’s <a href="http://www.leopold.iastate.edu/" target="_blank">Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture</a>, and Pocantico Hills, New York, where he is board president of the <a href="http://www.stonebarnscenter.org/" target="_blank">Stone Barns Center for Food and Agriculture</a>, an 80-acre nonprofit farm and education center just north of New York City. Kirschenmann no longer runs the family farm day-to-day—that job now belongs to a hired farmer—but he comes home every August to help with the combining and to get in a few weeks of “tractor therapy.”  Last year Kirschenmann released Cultivating an Ecological Conscience (University Press of Kentucky), a selection of his essays on agriculture. “On Behalf of American Farmers,” first published in 1978, predicted the further consolidation of family farms into factory farms and lamented the economics responsible. “Farmers are the only American businessmen,” he writes, “who are forced to buy retail, sell wholesale, and pay the freight both ways.”  An ordained United Church of Christ minister who studied at the Divinity School, Kirschenmann also traces the country’s shifting ecological priorities and examines the ill effects of industrial farming and bioengineering. His book lays out an agrarian philosophy that is part science, part faith, and part firsthand experience. “Our industrial culture has taught us to detach ourselves from what we want to know, in order to be objective,” Kirschenmann writes in “Theological Reflections while Castrating Calves.” “On the farm, I know things best by immersing myself in the things I wish to know.”

art I V(计时)  Kirschenmann worries about economic and ecological threats to farming, but he is hopeful. At sustainable-agriculture conferences, he sees more people in their 20s and 30s, many of whom did not grow up on a farm but are interested in a new kind of agriculture. The interest hints at a revitalization, says Kirschenmann, in an industry that has long been growing older. “Thirty percent of our farmers are over age 65, and only five percent are under 35.” The annual Stone Barns Center conference for beginner farmers, especially organic or small-scale farmers, always generates a long waiting list. At any given time there, 12 to 20 interns and apprentices work on the farm; 70 percent of them wind up in full-time agriculture, Kirschenmann says. “They want to be farmers. ... They want to raise food for people.”  For many young farmers, the road ahead will be hard. “I don’t mean to romanticize this, because there are some real challenges,” he says. “Access to land, access to affordable capital, and access to the kind of markets that can give a return so they can pay off their investment.”  Kirschenmann is part of a project to help make that happen. <a href="http://www.agofthemiddle.org/" target="_blank">Agriculture of the Middle</a>, begun in 2003, aims to help midscale farms—those too large to sell directly to customers but too small to compete in the commodities markets. Kirschenmann, the project’s convening chair, wants to help them organize into marketing networks and develop their own brands. In a few places, midsized farms are already doing exactly that: Organic Valley, which began with seven Wisconsin farmers in 1988, has grown to a 1,600-farm cooperative, and Shepherd’s Grain, a group of mostly West Coast wheat growers, negotiates for prices as a unit with bakers and millers. “The young people who left the farm are coming back now, because there’s some economic security there for them,” Kirschenmann says. “That’s what people want: economic security and a decent life.”

MarsTOF · 发表于 2011-7-2 22:46:36

mark  抓我来了！！跟你一起练！

抓抓sandra · 发表于 2011-7-2 22:58:54

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LZ太强了，我一直想要找一个这样的timeer，要不然每次我都是在自己看时间。。对了。你的文章有特殊的分类马？我也想帮忙找找。。economist magazine上面的可以吗？要那种类型的比较好？<div style="text-align:right;">-- by 会员 fox0923 (2011/7/1 6:51:37)</div> 
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这个timer也是以前在准备GRE的时候板油发的~^^我的文章目前都是在VOA的网站上面的special English里面找的哈~难度适中,比较适合做速度练习~分类倒是没有,不过科技和business的我觉得会比较贴近考试会接触到的field~<div style="text-align:right;">-- by 会员 抓抓sandra (2011/7/2 9:41:03)</div> 
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 好的，那我清楚了。。我先来搜集一下，然后你们这些NN看看行不行。。。可能文章难易的程度把握的还不是很好。。<div style="text-align:right;">-- by 会员 fox0923 (2011/7/2 10:17:52)</div> 
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惊~我绝对不是NN哈~~~ 欢迎一起练啊!!

抓抓sandra · 发表于 2011-7-2 22:59:17

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mark  抓我来了！！跟你一起练！<div style="text-align:right;">-- by 会员 MarsTOF (2011/7/2 22:46:36)</div> 
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 嘿嘿!~~太好了~~MARS才是NN啊1!!

抓抓sandra · 发表于 2011-7-3 01:10:08

做了FOX今天贴的速度练习,貌似少了PART 5?<img src="/static/legacy-emoticon/32.gif" emoticon="[em:32]" alt="" /> 45s 差3行 差2行 差6行,悲剧了 一段时间不练果然会有所退步,坚持起来~

chenhongwen1 · 发表于 2011-7-3 01:34:27

ddddddddd

fox0923 · 发表于 2011-7-3 03:56:32

哦，我不知道每天一定要有5 parts，下次注意。。这是一整篇文章，我只是把它节开了而已。。下次放一些business or history方面的。。我也是有两天没有阅读了，感觉退步了。。再顺便问一下，有没有人用过小安阅读法的，感觉如何？还有就是时间是怎么安排的（因为看似这种方法绝对是time consuming的）。。请教~~

抓抓sandra · 发表于 2011-7-3 07:38:37

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哦，我不知道每天一定要有5 parts，下次注意。。这是一整篇文章，我只是把它节开了而已。。下次放一些business or history方面的。。我也是有两天没有阅读了，感觉退步了。。再顺便问一下，有没有人用过小安阅读法的，感觉如何？还有就是时间是怎么安排的（因为看似这种方法绝对是time consuming的）。。请教~~<div style="text-align:right;">-- by 会员 fox0923 (2011/7/3 3:56:32)</div> 
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木有关系哈~~我还以为是漏了~ 我没完整用过..感觉就是暴力突破,还是比较有用的..时间上大概需要一周吧..

抓抓sandra · 发表于 2011-7-3 07:51:47

计时1 29June 2011 Women Inmates Train to StartBusinesses After Prison Gettinga job can be especially difficult for someone with a prison record. So a prisontraining program in the American Northwest prepares women to start their ownbusinesses. (SOUND) Theprogram is called Lifelong Information for Entrepreneurs, or LIFE. The trainingcombines business and social skills. The women learn how to manage their time,set goals and settle conflicts peacefully. SaresaWhitley is serving five years for assault at the Coffee Creek CorrectionalFacility, a women's prison in Oregon. She has a job waiting for her when she isreleased in January. But she also plans to start a small business with theknowledge gained from the months of class. SARESAWHITLEY: "When I was talking about knowing if my business is viable ornot, through a profit-and-loss model, I was like ‘Wow, I didn’t even know theword viable before, and now I do.’ I’ve learned a lot, I’ve learned a lot abouthow to write a business plan, about effective communications skills, how tolisten, something I didn’t know how to do before.” CynthiaThompson is serving time for stealing someone's identity. She says the lessonslearned in the program are important not just for the inmates, but also thecommunities they will re-enter. CYNTHIATHOMPSON: “I think the goal of it is to produce people that are being part ofthe community, paying their taxes and being volunteers. Not just necessarilysuccessful small businesses, but just successful, accountable people in thecommunity.” (246 words) 计时2 MercyCorpsNorthwest started the training program four years ago. MercyCorps is aninternational development organization. Doug Cooper is assistant director ofMercyCorps Northwest. DOUGCOOPER: "We were looking for ways that we could apply our expertise aroundeconomic development and small business management to populations that coulduse it. It's identical to what we do internationally, except we apply it herein Oregon and Washington." MercyCorpsNorthwest has just started a LIFE program at a women’s prison in Washingtonstate. Doug Cooper says he hopes the idea will spread to prisons throughout thecountry. Thegroup says just three of the one hundred graduates of its training program havereturned to prison. Graduates of the LIFE program have started businesses likecutting hair and selling goods at farmers markets. Onewoman who served time for theft now runs an automobile repair business. Loridoes not want her last name used. She says she worries what people might thinkif they knew she had been in prison. Lori stayed in contact with a MercyCorpsmentor after she left prison. Together they found answers to questions aboutrunning a small business. LORI:“What works, what doesn’t? And is it worth having a website of your own, andwhat avenues of advertising can you exploit for free? Those are the type ofthings that I found invaluable.” Andthat’s the VOA Special English Education Report. I'm Christopher Cruise. (239 words) 计时3 STEVEEMBER: Welcome to THE MAKING OF A NATION – American history in VOA SpecialEnglish. I’m Steve Ember (MUSIC) TheUnited States entered the Second World War in December of forty-one. Europe hadalready been at war since nineteen thirty-nine. But the United States did notenter World War Two until Japanese forces attacked the American naval base atPearl Harbor, Hawaii. (SOUND) Theattack was a surprise. But American military and political leaders had believedthat the United States, sooner or later, would be pulled into the fighting. Andthey began to prepare for war. (MUSIC)

residentFranklin Roosevelt had been assistant secretary of the Navy under PresidentWoodrow Wilson during World War One. He remembered how American troops were notready for that war. Now that he was president, Roosevelt wanted to be sure thatthe United States would be ready when it had to fight. Throughout nineteenforty-one, Roosevelt urged American industries to produce more weapons andother military supplies. He established new government agencies to work withindustry to increase arms production. Somebusiness leaders resisted Roosevelt's efforts. They felt there was no need toproduce more arms while the United States was still at peace. But many otherscooperated. And by the time Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, the American economywas producing millions of guns and other weapons. Still,this was not enough to fight a war. After the Japanese attack, Rooseveltincreased his demands on American industry. He called for sixty thousandwarplanes, forty-five thousand tanks and twenty-thousand anti-aircraft guns.And he wanted all these within one year. A monthafter the Pearl Harbor raid, Roosevelt organized a special committee to directmilitary production. He created another group to help companies find men andwomen for defense work. And he established a new office where the nation's bestscientists and engineers could work together to design new weapons. Thesenew government organizations faced several problems. Sometimes factoriesproduced too much of one product and not enough of another. Sometimes toolsbroke. And some business owners refused to accept government orders. But theweapons were produced, and American troops soon had the guns and supplies theyneeded. (363 words) 计时4 Thefederal government had to quickly expand its own workforce to meet war needs.Federal spending increased from six billion dollars in nineteen forty toeighty-nine billion in nineteen forty-four. That was fifteen times as muchspending in just five years. Roosevelthad to take strong steps to get the money for all this spending. He put limitson wages. He increased income taxes to as much as ninety-four percent onportions of incomes over two hundred thousand dollars. And he asked theAmerican people to lend money to the federal government. The people answered bypurchasing almost one hundred billion dollars in war bonds. Thegreat increase in public spending raised the threat of high inflation.Roosevelt created a special office with the power to control prices. ManyAmericans agreed with the idea of price controls. But every business wantedsomebody else's prices controlled, not their own. Federalofficials had to work hard to keep prices and supplies under control. Theyrestricted how much meat, fuel and other goods people could buy. The pricecontrol program generally worked. Its success kept the American economy strongto support the troops fighting in Europe and Asia. Onereason these strong economic steps worked was because most of the Americanpeople fully supported the war effort. (MUSIC:“Rosie the Riveter”) STEVEEMBER: You can look at photographs of people from those times and see in theirfaces how strongly they felt. In onepicture from the state of North Carolina, a group of men are standing in frontof old rubber tires. They are planning to give the tires to the Army to befixed and used for military vehicles. (278 words) 计时5 Anotherphoto shows a woman visiting a hospital. She is singing to a soldier to lifthis spirits. Stillanother photo shows a man who owns a small food store. He is placing signs onmeat and cans of food to tell people how much they are allowed to buy. You canalso get an idea about the feelings of the times by the names of some of thepopular songs during World War Two. (MUSIC:“Praise the Lord and Pass the Ammunition") STEVEEMBER: In addition to “Rosie the Riveter,” there were songs like “Praise theLord and Pass the Ammunition."  One of the most hopeful songs wasthis one, recorded by Britain’s Vera Lynn. (MUSIC:"When the Lights Go on Again All Over the World") STEVEEMBER: Not all Americans supported the war. A small number refused to fightbecause of religious or moral beliefs. They were known as conscientiousobjectors. And some Americans supported Adolf Hitler and other fascists. Butalmost everyone else wanted to win the war quickly and return to a normal life. (MUSIC) ManyJapanese-Americans served with honor in the United States armed forces. Butmany Americans were suspicious of anyone whose family had come from Japan. Theyrefused to trust even Japanese-American families who had lived in the UnitedStates for more than a century. Manybanks refused to lend money to Japanese-Americans. Many stores would not sellto them. Thefederal government relocated thousands of Japanese-Americans in California andother states into internment camps. They were released only after the warended. It was many years before the government officially apologized formistreating Japanese-Americans. (MUSIC) (273 words) 计时结束 以下感兴趣的可以读完~ STEVEEMBER: But World War Two did lead to progress for another group that was oftenthe target of discrimination: black Americans. Black leaders spoke out. Theysaid it was unfair to fight a war for freedom in Europe while black Americansdid not have all the same freedoms as white citizens. A.PHILIP RANDOLPH: "Negros want the same things that white citizens possess– all their rights, and no force under the sun can stem and block and stop thiscivil rights revolution which is now underway." STEVEEMBER: In nineteen forty-one, a leader in the black community, A. PhilipRandolph, threatened to lead a giant march on Washington for civil rights forblacks. President Roosevelt reacted by issuing an order that made it a crime todeny blacks a chance for jobs in defense industries. He also ordered the armedforces to change some of their rules that discriminated against black servicemembers. Blacksmade progress in the military and defense industries. But most other industriesstill refused to give them an equal chance. Major progress on civil rightswould not come until the nineteen fifties and sixties. (MUSIC) Lifewas busy during the war years. There were many changes in the economy,business, music, race relations and other areas. But in many ways, lifecontinued as it always does. Americansdid what they could during the hard years of World War Two to keep life on thehome front as normal as possible. But almost everyone understood that the firstjob was to support the troops overseas and win the war. Thisstrength of purpose at home gave American soldiers the support they needed. Andit also helped President Roosevelt as he negotiated with other world leaders.Diplomacy and foreign relations became much more complex during the war. Thatwill be our story next week. Ourprogram was written by David Jarmul. You can find our series online withtranscripts, MP3s, podcasts and pictures at voaspecialenglish.com. You can alsofollow us on Facebook and Twitter at VOA Learning English. I’m Steve Ember,inviting you to join us again next week for THE MAKING OF A NATION -- Americanhistory in VOA Special English. (365 words)

【第一期阅读小分队（已结束）】【每日阅读练习贴——速度+越障】【一楼汇总】（另附CD首发花儿阅读教材PDF）

chicago University Magazine-from the section of Art & Science

【速度1-11】VOA special English

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