三道疑惑语法(gwd-12-20, 32, 34)

dawn0710

Q20:

Approved April 24, 1800, the act of Congress that made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also established the Library of Congress.

1. Approved April 24, 1800, the act of Congress that made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also established

A选项有一个致命错误：that从句指代不清，语法上可以指代Congress，但是从句义上看，这个从句是修饰主语的核心词act。这一条理由足以排除A

C.The act of Congress approved April 24, 1800, which made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., and established

C的错误很明显，主句没有谓语

E.Approved April 24, 1800, the act of Congress made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also establishing

E的错误在于改变了句子的合理中心，我们可以想一下，ETS的题目大多是从一些文献资料中截取的，原句的上下文的核心意思一定和建立图书馆有关，E却把核心意思改成了政府搬家，显然不合理。

D.Approved April 24, 1800, making provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., the act of Congress also established

B,D这两个选项从语法上面找不到任何歧异的，但是从句子结构分析，D将两个分词短语放在句首，这两个短语的功能就与其他几个选项不同，不再是做定语，而是做状语，因为在英语中将这么长的修饰成分放在被修诗词的前面，我好像没有看到过。但是如果做状语，这种“状语，状语，主句”的形式又是不大好的结构。所以比较起来B选项会好一些。

B.The act of Congress, which was approved April 24, 1800, making provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also established

B里面的分词短语和非限定性定语从句的逻辑主语都是主句主语核心词act，谓语动词established，其中分词短语对主语的修饰是限定性的，有了这个限定性的修饰，act就是唯一确定的了，时间的修饰成分就可以使非限定性的了。

瑜珑

我觉得ETS的偏好应该有个优先级别

JerryGuan

偶来迟了，没参加到讨论！

我做这道题时，选了D，排除A是用"the act of Congress that made "这里的that从句的修饰Congress。看了大家的讨论我偶总一下：

A比D优势：1）限定性修饰明确指出了the act of Congress ，与后面的also遥相呼应；D中的the act of Congress also estabished ...中的also显得有些突兀；关于the的用法我还是同意tianwanGG的看法：例如the one of girls who are beautiful....这后面的who从句修饰girls那么句意，那么the就无下落了，这句话是有问题滴；再例：the one of these beautiful girls who is wearing red suit... 就很清楚了。

A比D劣势：1）"the act of Congress that made "这里的that从句的为什么不能修饰Congress，而会跳跃修饰act？难道是因为Congress不能被修饰了，就像God一样？只有一个Congress?

D答案如果要错，不在两个状语上，这样的表达是可以的，而是在逻辑意思上确实有些问题。偶读了好多遍渐渐发现出：还是修饰的问题。

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-12-7 22:25:29编辑过]

jadelo

GWD-12-Q34:

In an attempt to guarantee the security of its innovative water purification method, the company required each employee to sign a confidentiality agreement prohibiting that its water purification methods be disclosed to companies using an analogous purification process.

1. prohibiting that its water purification methods be disclosed to companies
   
2. prohibiting them from the disclosing of its water purification methods to any company
   
3. prohibiting disclosure of its water purification methods to any company
   
4. that would prohibit them from disclosure of its water purification methods to companies
   
5. that would prohibit its water purification methods to be disclosed to a company

這一題討論得不若"Congress"那題熱烈，似乎大家都覺得是C....

可是我認為是A

因為這是imperative語氣的一種 ，照ETS的邏輯來看，我猜它的用法跟require, order類似

即prohibit sth. be~~

我總覺得C雖然沒什麼大問題 ，但就是看上去不太順眼；我以為它用了太多Ving的用法，弄得句意都不清楚了....

看一下選了C之後的句子：In an attempt to guarantee the security of its innovative water purification method, the company required each employee to sign a confidentiality agreement prohibiting disclosure of its water purification methods to any company using an analogous purification process.

看上去，我會覺得最後那段"using an analogous purification process"會變得不太清楚，究竟是修飾"any company "，還是修飾更前面的"sign a confidentiality agreement"這個動作?

lj_hq

对于20题的D，我强烈赞成LES的观点，波波上课时也讲过，若干个修饰成分先出现，再出现主语的结构是不好的，尽量使之平衡这道题大家真是讨论的太热烈了，佩服佩服，我的语法不好，只有在一边加油的份了，呵呵

skyalan

真的好有激情，我选了D

总觉得  A that verb....,  also verb....这个结构一看就奇怪。D结构上是没有任何问题的

autumn_leaves

本人同意前面石头斑竹说的

两个修饰成分应该用AND连接,但好象确实有例外...

相比之下A OF B结构是否修饰B我觉得就更难作为排除的理由,因为例外情况实在太多,就不枚举

只能从逻辑意思上判断.

autumn_leaves

同样的结构,请参看GWD-39

Seldom more that 40 feet wide and 12 feet deep, but it ran 363 miles across the rugged wilderness of upstate New York, the Erie Canal connected the Hudson River at Albany to the Great Lakes at Buffalo, providing the port of New York City with a direct water link to the heartland of the North American continent.

1. Seldom more than 40 feet wide and 12 feet deep, but it ran 363 miles across the rugged wilderness of upstate New York, the Erie Canal connected
2. Seldom more than 40 feet wide or 12 feet deep but running 363 miles across the rugged wilderness of upstate New York, the Erie Canal connected
3. It was seldom more than 40 feet wide and 12 feet deep, and ran 363 miles across the rugged wilderness of upstate New York, but the Erie Canal, connecting
4. The Erie Canal was seldom more than 40 feet wide or 12 feet deep and it ran 363 miles across the rugged wilderness of upstate New York, which connected
5. The Erie Canal, seldom more than 40 feet wide and 12 feet deep, but running 363 miles across the rugged wilderness of upstate New York, connecting

B的结构和这个D就有了对应

但可能也有例外情况,我印象当中确实有

Avantasia

这题应该是选A, D里面的主句放在后面造成了头重脚轻, OG27E中很明确的指出这种结构是confusing的.

但是对于B, 实在没有更好的理由排除, 不知道大家意见?

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-6-22 20:23:23编辑过]

jackychew

以下是引用rt316在2004-6-15 6:17:00的发言：


E改变句子重心，改变句意。

GWD-11-20

本来不该再添乱了，但是言无不尽，想弄得更明白。

同意A，因为A没有原则性错误。只想问一句，E除了改变了句意，还有错吗？这个句意的改变即便脱离事实，但不违反逻辑吧？这就算错了？如果ETS出个很变态（这里的A还不算太变态）的A选项，不是错定了？请指教，谢谢。