三道疑惑语法(gwd-12-20, 32, 34)

rt316

以下是引用mjiehu在2004-6-15 4:45:00的发言：

第三题比较麻烦，先看approved April 24, 1800，结果各个选项都没有发现"on"，郁闷。

从句子含义上看，不是the act of congress去establish那个library，也就是说，the act of congress不是establish的主语，establish应该和provision发生关系，现在简单了，回到题目，一旦the act of congress和establish构成主谓结构马上排除。

1. Approved April 24, 1800, the act of Congress that made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also established  (X)
   
2. The act of Congress, which was approved April 24, 1800, making provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also established  (X)
   
3. The act of Congress approved April 24, 1800, which made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., and established (X)
   
4. Approved April 24, 1800, making provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., the act of Congress also established (X)
   
5. Approved April 24, 1800, the act of Congress made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also establishing

选E，但是E，也不是最佳，因为establishing有名词形式establishment。如果我来写，这句话，就是：

Approved "on" April 24, 1800, the act of Congress made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C. "and the establishment" of the Library of Congress.

E改变句子重心，改变句意。

mjiehu

改变在哪里？

robertchu

以下是引用stoneren在2004-6-15 3:41:00的发言：

Whether D:

Approved April 24, 1800, making provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., the act of Congress also established

need 'and' between 'Approved April 24, 1800' and 'making ...' rather than ','

Another excellent point why D is not as good as A.  Thanks!

LES

以下是引用mariezhu在2004-6-15 0:08:00的发言：

呵呵,lesMM,言论自由,这里又没有高压统治,用不着"斗胆说一句"吧,搞得我都不太好意思了....正是要大家踊跃参加讨论,讨论才有意义啊

-mm别介意啊，偶说话直白了点。就是喜欢你把问题讨论出结果的精神！其实偶很讨厌不了了之的。对偶来说，说服别人的过程最重要的是说服自己，不再对选项产生怀疑。

不过,要是你不介意的话,你说的第二点我好像不能同意,如果主语很简单,主语修饰成分又很长,怎么能够把成分放在主语后面,让它和谓语宾语隔得老远呢,这种情况下,正是应该把主语修饰语放在主语前面啊, Sorry, I am even more confused, do correct me if i were wrong.

－若主语和谓语都很简单，而主语的修饰成分很冗长时，一般把修饰成分放在最后，偶觉得这是最常用的倒装手法。(可以参考阅读里面的好多句子)

再者,我对你的第一条完全同意,不过这并不是一条公理,只要违背这一点就是错误选项.那样SC就好对付多了. 问题的关键是选项是比出来的.而我对A的限定性定语从句一直解不开心结,总是看了就觉得用which等非限定行的好些,而tianwanGG又跟我说了the的问题,以及是不是唯一,或者这个act是不是名字,我的脑子彻底糊涂了.

－如果mm对限定、非限定实在很搞，建议比较选项时最后看这一点，就是说在其他方面完全都一样，而这点是唯一区别时再比较。

所以我说要来点时间想一想,因为我自己的经验,我搞不懂的东西往往搁几天再回头看看,突然就明白了.

要不是weiyuGG给我发了短信,我确实就贯彻我放几天的想法了.不过既然回复WeiyuGG,所以就把我的想法又说了一遍.希望没有冒犯大家,否则那就是我所不欲了.

－允许mm看帖不回帖，过段时间再来看看吧！

rt316

以下是引用robertchu在2004-6-15 7:27:00的发言：

Another excellent point why D is not as good as A.  Thanks!

我认为D至少应该在过去分词和现在分词的两个句子间加上连接词才组成一个完整的结构。其他的，LES在35楼的解释，我认为已经很清楚了。

kingsoft

    我不认为需要连接词，我见过一个句子，有三个分词作修饰，没有连接词

rt316

虽然我没有见过三个分词作修饰，但我见过两个分词作修饰却没有and。即便如此，我还是认为and是应该有的，至少，两个彼此在意思上独立句子之间不应该仅仅用逗号连接。

future2005

问gwd12-32

Q32:
Prospecting for gold during the California gold rush was a relatively easy task,
because of erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and ancient, gold-bearing
riverbeds thrust to the surface by volcanic activity put gold literally within
reach for anybody with a pan or shovel.

A.    because of erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and ancient, gold-bearing
riverbeds thrust to the surface by volcanic activity put gold literally within
reach for
B.    because of erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and volcanic activity that
thrust ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds to the surface, and putting gold
literally within reach of
C.    owing to erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and volcanic activity that
had thrust ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds to the surface, and putting gold
literally within reach of
D.    since erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and volcanic activity that
thrust ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds to the surface, putting gold literally
within reach for
E.    since erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and ancient, gold-bearing
riverbeds thrust to the surface by volcanic activity put gold literally within
reach of

A为什么不对? 是reach for的错误吗? 还有, because of 和since有什么区别?

thanks!

shifeng

20题是一个经典的考察从句修饰前置词的题目，首先我们要明确是act而不是congress发出这些动作，根据原则修饰act的从句应该尽量靠近act，所以“the act of Congress that made provision ”或者“the act of congress , which...”这种形式有岐义，然而如果其它选项都错的情况下也可以选；只要D，可以明确这些动作都是由act发出的,既然有D这盏明灯存在，其它或明或暗的选项都应该排出

mikeleven

IMO
http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=23&ID=64374&page=2