brainstorming

mariezhu

In 1973, a remote town first acquired television. Shortly before

broadcasts began there, a study was made of children's behavior. A

similar study in the same community, after two years of TV, showed that

the aggression rate among children of this age had increased by 160%.

The conclusion drawn was that TV plays an important role in generating

aggressive behavior in children. A similar study, covering the same

years, was made in two similar communities that had had television for

decades. This study showed no change in the aggression rate from 1973

to 1975. The results of the second study:

A) suggest that the prevalence of violent themes in TV programming may

be explained by the tendencies toward violence which are deeply-rooted

in human nature.

B) indicate that different social groups may react quite differently to

similar stimuli.

C) demonstrate that long-term exposure to TV has no more severe effects

than short-term exposure.

D) support the conclusion drawn from the first study.

E) disprove the conclusion drawn from the first study.

答案大家讨论后再贴吧。anyway I'm terrified by the answer given, the original line of reasoning and explanation

enjoy!

ios

C,

first study:tv had showed for 2 years.

second study: tv had showed for 10 years.

JerryGuan

晕，我选B，期待答案！这方面偶比较弱。

明明题目是在说两个安装了不同时间长短的小区里对待violence的态度的对比，说明了……

（其实，我想说，好像没有答案），眼钝，看不出来。

tianwan

merie mm的题目有意思，肯定有机关。

看完题目选D。可是看了merie的comment后，觉得选D选得太快了，但回头看别的都推不出（在偶有限的智力范围内），只能选D。

答案是什么？

weiyu

The question was discussed.

I choose B;

tianwan

第二个case证明了这个survey前后是一样的。所以第一个case的前后差异不是这个survey自己的差异造成的。

叮当

I agree with IOS. C is the best probably.

mariezhu

tianwanGG和pumpkinMM答对了！！pfpf

能说说你们的推理思路么？

我下次再把出题者的思路贴上来讨论

tianwan

作题时凭直觉，看到D就觉得D是对的。关键还是读题目。

In 1973, a remote town first acquired television. Shortly before

broadcasts began there, a study was made of children's behavior. A

similar study in the same community, after two years of TV, showed that

the aggression rate among children of this age had increased by 160%.

The conclusion drawn was that TV plays an important role in generating

aggressive behavior in children. A similar study, covering the same

years, was made in two similar communities that had had television for

decades. This study showed no change in the aggression rate from 1973 to 1975. The results of the second study:

一看到 这个 the second and similar study , 就觉得需要证明2个study确实是类似的，就是说必须要证明study本身不能造成数据的变化。D恰好说明这一点，别的社区别的条件都一样，只是第二个study 和第一个 study 类似，而结果一样，说明第二个study 和第一个 study 确实是类似的，study本身不能造成数据的变化。所以看到D就选了。别的选项都和题目意思没有直接关系。

不过觉得在考试的时候想不了这么多，就看能不能读懂，就是读题目的时候要有感觉。如果我题目读不懂，就做不出来。

mariezhu

嘿嘿，pfpf还是我从这儿学的呢。应该就是佩服佩服吧

下面是例题给的正式解释，请大家参考：

It is important to keep in mind just what the reported results are. Perhaps most importantly, nothing is said about the absolute values of the aggression rates, but only about changes in the rates. And nothing is said about how the rates in the other two communities compared with those of the first. The first study correlated two changes-the change from no TV to TV in 1973 and the change in aggression rates from 1973 to 1975. And the tentative conclusion is that the first of these changes was the cause of the second change. The second study focused on communities in which there was no change of the first sort-they were already well accustomed to TV in 1973. (Thus the second study focuses on a sort of natural 'control group.') That study found that there was no change of the second type - aggression rates in those communities remained constant from 1973 to 1975. The second study thus tends to reduce the plausibility of the suggestion that some change other than the introduction of TV caused the rise in aggressiveness in the first community (it acts as a 'control' to this experiment.) If there were some other cause, at least it doesn't seem to have been acting in the communities of the second study. And that reduces the range of possible candidates. Thus the second study tends to make more probable the conclusion drawn from the first.