prep1 essay3 已经搜过

kunming

这篇读下来不知道主题讲了个啥，我只对了一题，还是蒙对的，请牛牛给看看！
In its 1903 decision in the case of Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock, the United States Supreme Court rejected the efforts of three Native American tribes to prevent the opening of tribal lands to non-Indian settlement without tribal consent.  In his study of the Lone Wolf case, Blue Clark properly emphasizes the Court's assertion of a virtually unlimited unilateral power of Congress (the House of Representatives and the Senate) over Native American affairs.  But he fails to note the decision's more far-reaching impact:  shortly after Lone Wolf, the federal government totally abandoned negotiation and execution of formal written agreements with Indian tribes as a prerequisite for the implementation of federal Indian policy.  Many commentators believe that this change had already occurred in 1871 when--following a dispute between the House and the Senate over which chamber should enjoy primacy in Indian affairs--Congress abolished the making of treaties with Native American tribes.  But in reality the federal government continued to negotiate formal tribal agreements past the turn of the century, treating these documents not as treaties with sovereign nations requiring ratification by the Senate but simply as legislation to be passed by both houses of Congress.  The Lone Wolf decision ended this era of formal negotiation and finally did away with what had increasingly become the empty formality of obtaining tribal consent.
Question #8.  075-03    (21581-!-item-!-188;#058&000075-03)

According to the passage, the congressional action of 1871 had which of the following effects?

(A) Native American tribal agreements were treated as legislation that had to be passed by both houses of Congress.
(B) The number of formal agreements negotiated between the federal government and Native American tribes decreased.
(C) The procedures for congressional approval and implementation of federal Indian policy were made more precise.
(D) It became more difficult for Congress to exercise unilateral authority over Native American affairs.
(E) The role of Congress in the ratification of treaties with sovereign nations was eventually undermined.


Question #9.  075-06    (21627-!-item-!-188;#058&000075-06)

According to the passage, which of the following resulted from the Lone Wolf decision?

(A) The Supreme Court took on a greater role in Native American affairs.
(B) Native American tribes lost their legal standing as sovereign nations in their dealings with the federal government, but their ownership of tribal lands was confirmed.
(C) The federal government no longer needed to conclude a formal agreement with a Native American tribe in order to carry out policy decisions that affected the tribe.
(D) The federal government began to appropriate tribal lands for distribution to non-Indian settlers.
(E) Native American tribes were no longer able to challenge congressional actions by appealing to the Supreme Court.

Question #10.  075-07    (21673-!-item-!-188;#058&000075-07)

The author of the passage is primarily concerned with

(A) identifying similarities in two different theories
(B) evaluating a work of scholarship
(C) analyzing the significance of a historical event
(D) debunking a revisionist interpretation
(E) exploring the relationship between law and social reality

谢过！

youngerlee

木有心思看题了，我不是牛牛...阅读大菜一个...

In its 1903 decision in the case of Lone Wolf v.（法案题） Hitchcock, the United States Supreme Court rejected the efforts of three Native American tribes to prevent the opening of tribal lands to non-Indian settlement without tribal consent. In his study of the Lone Wolf case, Blue Clark properly emphasizes the Court's assertion of a virtually unlimited unilateral power of Congress (the House of Representatives and the Senate) over Native American affairs.（原观点，BC强调了从此之后国会的权利至高无上）But （转折了，后跟文章主旨）he fails to note the decision's more far-reaching impact:  shortly after Lone Wolf, the federal government totally abandoned negotiation and execution of formal written agreements with Indian tribes as a prerequisite for the implementation of federal Indian policy（impact内容，文章中心：政府开始放弃与部落谈判，直接行使policy）.  Many commentators believe that this change had already occurred in 1871（年份注意对应1903） when--following a dispute between the House and the Senate over which chamber should enjoy primacy in Indian affairs--Congress abolished the making of treaties with Native American tribes.  But（又一个but，已经在文章中间了，多半是内容陈述的转折）in reality the federal government continued to negotiate formal tribal agreements past the turn of the century, treating these documents not as treaties with sovereign nations requiring ratification by the Senate but simply as legislation to be passed by both houses of Congress. The Lone Wolf decision ended this era of formal negotiation and finally did away with what had increasingly become the empty formality of obtaining tribal consent.（总结句，说法案作用）

KEY是不是
A
C
C
？

kunming

谢谢 年轻的李大侠，解释的非常明了，就是ACC，我之前不通的原因有二：对文章的构架不清，部分长难句理解有障碍。

现结合 年轻李 的讲解，将答案分析写出来，欢迎抛砖！

In its 1903 decision in the case of Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock, the United States Supreme Court rejected the efforts of three Native American tribes to prevent the opening of tribal lands to non-Indian settlement without tribal consent.In his study of the Lone Wolf case, Blue Clark properly emphasizes the Court's assertion of a virtually unlimited unilateral power of Congress (the House of Representatives and the Senate) over Native American affairs.But he fails to note the decision's more far-reaching impact:shortly after Lone Wolf, the federal government totally abandoned negotiation and execution of formal written agreements with Indian tribes as a prerequisite for the implementation of federal Indian policy.（第九题）Many commentators believe that this change had already occurred in 1871 when--following a dispute between the House and the Senate over which chamber should enjoy primacy in Indian affairs--Congress abolished the making of treaties with Native American tribes.But in reality the federal government continued to negotiate formal tribal agreements past the turn of the century, treating these documents not as treaties with sovereign nations requiring ratification by the Senate but simply as legislation to be passed by both houses of Congress.（第8题） The Lone Wolf decision ended this era of formal negotiation and finally did away with what had increasingly become the empty formality of obtaining tribal consent.

Question #8.075-03(21581-!-item-!-188;#058&000075-03)

According to the passage, the congressional action of 1871 had which of the following effects?

(A) Native American tribal agreements were treated as legislation that had to be passed by both houses of Congress.

(B) The number of formal agreements negotiated between the federal government and Native American tribes decreased.文中没有说agreement的数量

(C) The procedures for congressional approval and implementation of federal Indian policy were made more precise.没有提到过procedures

(D) It became more difficult for Congress to exercise unilateral authority over Native American affairs.和文中说的相反了，文中说的是congress更容易直接行使policy

(E) The role of Congress in the ratification of treaties with sovereign nations was eventually undermined. 文中只是讨论行使policy，没有说role的变化

Question #9.075-06(21627-!-item-!-188;#058&000075-06)

According to the passage, which of the following resulted from the Lone Wolf decision?一开始没读请题，扫过去，读成了：是什么造成了Lone Wolf decision？（错）

(A) The Supreme Court took on a greater role in Native American affairs.文中讲的是形式权利的问题

(B) Native American tribes lost their legal standing as sovereign nations in their dealings with the federal government, but their ownership of tribal lands was confirmed.无，没有说过

(C) The federal government no longer needed to conclude a formal agreement with a Native American tribe in order to carry out policy decisions that affected the tribe.

(D) The federal government began to appropriate tribal lands for distribution to non-Indian settlers.无

(E) Native American tribes were no longer able to challenge congressional actions by appealing to the Supreme Court. 不是由Lone Wolf decision导致的

Question #10.075-07(21673-!-item-!-188;#058&000075-07)

The author of the passage is primarily concerned with（我错选B项）

(A) identifying similarities in two different theories

(B) evaluating a work of scholarship 迷惑项，文章只是借用BC来说明政策的改变

(C) analyzing the significance of a historical event

(D) debunking a revisionist interpretation

(E) exploring the relationship between law and social reality