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In a certain wildlife park, park rangers are able to track the movements of many rhinoceroses because those animals wear radio collars. When, as often happens, a collar slips off, it is put back on. Putting a collar on a rhinoceros involves immobilizing the animal by shooting it with a tranquilizer dart. Female rhinoceroses that have been frequently recollared have significantly lower fertility rates than uncollared females. Probably, therefore, some substance in the tranquilizer inhibits fertility.

In evaluating the argument, it would be most useful to determine which of the following?

正确答案: C

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楼主
发表于 2010-4-12 20:22:09 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
In a certain wildlife park, park rangers are able to track the movements of many rhinoceroses because those animals wear radio collars.When, as often happens, a collar slips off, it is put back on.Putting a collar on a rhinoceros involves immobilizing the animal by shooting it with a tranquilizer dart.Female rhinoceroses that have been frequently recollared have significantly lower fertility rates than uncollared females.Probably, therefore, some substance in the tranquilizer inhibits fertility.



In evaluating the argument, it would be most useful to determine which of the following?



A. Whether there are more collared female rhinoceroses than uncollared female rhinoceroses in the park

B. How the tranquilizer that is used for immobilizing rhinoceroses differs, if at all, from tranquilizers used in working with other large mammals

C. How often park rangers need to use tranquilizer darts to immobilize rhinoceroses for reasons other than attaching radio collars



D. Whether male rhinoceroses in the wildlife park lose their collars any more often than the park’s female rhinoceroses do

E. Whether radio collars are the only practical means that park rangers have for tracking the movements of rhinoceroses in the park


选C,加强的我知道,但是削弱的比如, 重戴collar多的雌犀牛被shoot 10, 没有重戴collar的因为其他原因被shoot 50, 这也没有削弱呀,不管是重带的还是没没重带的,他们都是注射的tranquilizer啊~~
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沙发
发表于 2010-4-13 09:40:32 | 只看该作者
我觉得lz的方向是对的,不知道为什么还没理出完整的思路来。

假如共有50只犀牛其中10只有collar,到最后统计下来每年每只犀牛被注射的次数都是一样的(那10只有collar的是因为重装collar,而其他的则是因为其他原因被注射),那自然不能把那些collar的生育率低归罪于这些注射液了。

要削弱这个论点:some substance in the tranquilizer inhibits fertility,只要证明题目中的证据(即注射多的犀牛相应生育率低)无效即可。我上面的这个例子就可以让这个证据无效。因此可以削弱。
板凳
 楼主| 发表于 2010-4-15 00:02:29 | 只看该作者
我觉得lz的方向是对的,不知道为什么还没理出完整的思路来。

假如共有50只犀牛其中10只有collar,到最后统计下来每年每只犀牛被注射的次数都是一样的(那10只有collar的是因为重装collar,而其他的则是因为其他原因被注射),那自然不能把那些collar的生育率低归罪于这些注射液了。

要削弱这个论点:some substance in the tranquilizer inhibits fertility,只要证明题目中的证据(即注射多的犀牛相应生育率低)无效即可。我上面的这个例子就可以让这个证据无效。因此可以削弱。
-- by 会员 hughlv (2010/4/13 9:40:32)


谢谢~可我还是沉浸在我的思路里出不来了。。你的例子里面10只有collar的是因为重装collar 才打的Tranquilizer~而其他是因为其他原因打的Tr,这2种不都是打的Tr吗?为什么不能把collar的生育率低归罪于那些Tr呢?
地板
发表于 2010-4-15 00:35:15 | 只看该作者
假如生育率低归罪于T的话,那么跟犀牛有没有collar就没有关系了。我的例子中这种情况因为50只犀牛打的T都一样,那么结论就应该是大家的生育率是一样的低,而不是Female rhinoceroses that have been frequently recollared have significantly lower fertility rates than uncollared females。因此从这一点证明了Collar的犀牛不是因为打了T而导致比其他没有Collar的犀牛生育率要低。

如果没有回答对你的问题的话我们可以继续讨论。
5#
发表于 2010-4-15 02:20:24 | 只看该作者

这道题。。

之前也问过,,和楼主有同样疑问。。
6#
 楼主| 发表于 2010-4-15 14:20:49 | 只看该作者
假如生育率低归罪于T的话,那么跟犀牛有没有collar就没有关系了。我的例子中这种情况因为50只犀牛打的T都一样,那么结论就应该是大家的生育率是一样的低,而不是Female rhinoceroses that have been frequently recollared have significantly lower fertility rates than uncollared females。因此从这一点证明了Collar的犀牛不是因为打了T而导致比其他没有Collar的犀牛生育率要低。

如果没有回答对你的问题的话我们可以继续讨论。
-- by 会员 hughlv (2010/4/15 0:35:15)


喔~~明白了,谢谢哈!
7#
发表于 2010-4-15 15:01:12 | 只看该作者
1,可能有一个反例就是50头犀牛注射的TR数量一致,区别是其中10头collar生育率低,不能归咎于TR。
2,或者50头中的10头collared,且注射的TR多,生育率低,原文结论成立。
以上两者之间是C选项评估的范围。
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