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地板

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发表于 2010-3-10 14:50:56
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Kaplan GMAT Notes: Chapter 1 The Parts of Speech
一个英文句子由不同的结构组成,通常,有四种结构来组成句子:Phrase, Clause, Independent Clause, Subordinate Clause.
英文单词通过在句子中不同的组成成分来变换词形。
Noun 名词
名词代表a place, a person, a thing. 区分名词可通过四种方法: 1. Singular and Plural 2. Concrete and Abstract 3. Group 4. Common and Proper
Pronouns 代词
代词可用来代替一个名词或个代词。共分七种代词。 1. Personl Pronouns: I, me, you, she, her, him, it, us... 2. Possessive Pronouns: my, your, his, her... 3. Demostrative Pronouns: this, that, these, those... 4. Relative Pronouns, will lead one subordinate clause out. Such as who, that, whom, whose, which... 5. Reflexive Pronouns: myself, himself, herself... 6. Indefinite Pronouns: one, anyone, anything, all, someone, somebody... 7. Interrogative Pronouns, will out questions, such as: who, what, which...
Sometimes, this, that, these, those can also be adjectives, to tell between adjectives and pronouns, try to look at the words after them.
Verb 动词
actions 动词分为base verb and helping verb. 每个句子都有一个base verb,helping verb是在有base verb的基础上用来说明tense的
Adjectives 形容词
Tells which one, what kind, how many...
Adverbs 副词
Modify adj. adv. verbs. There are four words are always adverbs: yesterday, never, clearly, very.
Preposition 介词
Tells the relationship between 2 parts in a sentence (such as time and space). Remember the following prepositions:
- about, above, across, after, against, along, among, around, as, at
- before, behind, below, beside, between, by
- despite, durning
- for, from
- in, inside, into
- like
- near, next
- off, of, on, onto, out, outside, over
- past
- since
- through, throughout, till, to, toward
- under, underneath, unlike, until, unto, up, upon
- with, within, without
Proposition can lead a noun becoming proposition phrases. Such as on the table, into the tunnel, left at the right...
Conjuctions 连词
连词是将不同的断句连在一起。共有四种连词。
1. Cooridnating conjuction Will link two para clauses together. There are 7 coordinating conjuctions. or, and, nor, but, yet, so, for.
2. Correlative conjunction same as above. not only... but also both... and not... but either... or neither... nor whether... or as...as
3. subordinating conjunctions will link one independent clause and one subordinate clause together.
- after, although, as, as if
- become, before
- even if, even though
- how
- if, if only, in order that
- now that
- once
- rather than
- since, so that
- than, that, though
- unless, until
- when, whenever, where, wherever, whether, while
4. Conjuntion adverbs will link two independent clauses together, usually be separated by ";"
- as a reult
- consequently
- finally, futhermore
- however
- moreover
- nevertheless
- similarly
- therefore, thus
Interjections 祈使句
usually stands alone as one sentence. the subject is "you". |
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