请问一道逻辑题 OG-12 第95题

LTT12345

Although parapsychology is often considered a pseudoscience, it is in fact a genuine scientific enterprise, for it
uses scientific methods such as controlled experiments and statistical tests of clearly stated hypotheses to
examine the questions it raises.
The conclusion above is properly drawn if which of the following is assumed?
(A) If a field of study can conclusively answer the questions it raises, then it is a genuine science.
(B) Since parapsychology uses scientific methods, it will produce credible results.
(C) Any enterprise that does not use controlled experiments and statistical tests is not genuine science.
(D) Any field of study that employs scientific methods is a genuine scientific enterprise.
(E) Since parapsychology raises clearly statable questions, they can be tested in controlled experiments.

为什么不能选C？答案是D。谢谢啦！

yushixin_1

我选的是D，但同时觉得C也有点逆否的味道，也有一定道理吧

cyr93

顶楼上 同问

yayaxiaoxinxin

多噢, C跟D好像没什么区别嘛,为什么答案是D不是C阿

2008115061

D大家 都知道了吧  逻辑：control----->genuine.
assunption:
control group是成为g的充分条件，也就是说能从C---->G.
但是，我们不能就说C是G的必要条件，就是不能说G--->C
打个比方，采用C方法人的一定是G类人，但我们不能确保所有G累人都是采用C方法的人，可能G包含很多众人，采用C方法的是其中之一
就是充分必要关系

phoenix89

这题我来答！
题目思路如下：
1.翻译题目：尽管parapsychology常常被认为是伪科学，但事实上它是genuine scientific enterprise,原因是它采用了scientific method……（后面与做题无关）

2.逻辑：采用scientific method是genuine scientific enterprise的充分条件，因此用scientific method=>genuine scientific enterprice

3.解题：正确选项D,如逻辑中所述。

4.错误选项：C，C是正确逻辑的否命题，与正确逻辑并不等价（逆否命题才等价），所以错误
           ABE就是鬼扯，不多赘述。

aomeisoft7

C不对，因为是否命题
C=不用controlled experiments 和 statistical tests 的不是 genuine science
不等于说，用了这2个方法的就是genuine science，因为有可能用了也不是genuine science,可能还需要别的条件！
所以不能证明题目，“parasychology因为用了这2个方法，所以是genuine science”，
D 才补了gap

thelma_ca

C明明是逆否命题呀？！有人解答么？多谢

thelma_ca

en ，我刚才想了想，明白了，因为题眼在于Any enterprise that does not use controlled experiments and statistical tests is not genuine science里面controlled experiments and statistical tests是列举scientific methods 的两个例子，实际上可以有很多很多的方式，所以单单否定这两个OPTIONS， 是不足以证明的。一种包含与被包含的关系。

fujianaicd

Any enterprise that does not use controlled experiments and statistical tests is not genuine science.

A=use controlled experiments and statistical tests
B=it's a genuine science

if not A, then not B 等价于
if B, then A
翻译过来是 if it is a genuine science, it uses controlled experiments and statistical tests.
而原文的Assumption是： Premise: it uses scientific methods, such as ....
                      Conclusion: it is a genuine science
                      Assumption: if use scientific methods => genuine science 两者意思不一样，再说了experiments, tests 是 methods的实例，在assumption题中，把这种实例放在选项中构成假设很可能是错的~~~