2009年10-11月阅读寂静整理（截至11/18 01:00-The end-Thanks all）

zxy1221

感谢大家的努力和分享，谢谢楼主

anita_840808

夏威夷岛链
推荐看看这篇文章~一共两页,说的非常清楚,还说了些阅读里没有的内容可以帮助理解
我也是看了这篇才完全弄明白怎么回事的
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/08/0814_030814_hotspot.html

ansvage

答案：DCADCDCA
In the two decades between 1910 and 1930，over ten percent of the Black population of the United States left the South， where the preponderance of the Black population had been located， and migrated to northern states， with the largest number moving，it is claimed，between 1916 and 1918. It has been frequently assumed，but not proved，that the majority of the migrants in what has come to be called the Great Migration came from rural areas and were motivated by two concurrent factors：the collapse of the cotton industry following the boll weevil infestation，which began in 1898，and increased demand in the North for labor following the cessation of European immigration caused by the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. This assumption has led to the conclusion that the migrants' subsequent lack of economic mobility in the North is tied to rural background，a background that implies unfamiliarity with urban living and a lack of industrial skills.
　　But the question of who actually left the South has never been rigorously investigated. Although numerous investigations document an exodus from rural southern areas to southern cities prior to the Great Migration，no one has considered whether the same migrants then moved on to northern cities. In 1910 over 600，000 Black workers，or ten percent of the Black work force，reported themselves to be engaged in “manufacturing and mechanical pursuits，” the federal census category roughly encompassing the entire industrial sector. The Great Migration could easily have been made up entirely of this group and their families. It is perhaps surprising to argue that an employed population could be enticed to move，but an explanation lies in the labor conditions then prevalent in the South.
　　About thirty-five percent of the urban Black lation in the South was engaged in skilled trades. Some were from the old artisan class of slavery-black smiths， masons，carpenters which had had a monopoly of certain trades，but they were gradually being pushed out by competition，mechanization，and obsolescence. The remaining sixty-five percent，more recently urbanized，worked in newly developed industries-tobacco,lumber，coal and iron manufacture，and railroads. Wages in the South，however，were low，and Black workers were aware， through labor recruiters and the Black press，that they could earn more even as unskilled workers in the North than they could as artisans in the South. After the boll weevil infestation，urban Black
　　workers faced competition from the continuing influx of both Black and White rural workers，who were drive to undercut the wages formerly paid for industrial jobs. Thus，a move north would be seen as advantageous to a group that was already urbanized and steadily employed，and the easy conclusion tying their subsequent economic problems in the North to their rural background comes into question.
　　1. The author indicates explicitly that which of the following records has been a source of information in her investigation？
　　（A） United States Immigration Service reports from 1914 to 1930
　　（B） Payrolls of southern manufacturing firms between 1910 and 1930
　　（C） The volume of cotton exports between 1898 and 1910
　　（D） The federal census of 1910
　　（E） Advertisements of labor recruiters appearing in southern newspapers after 1910
　　2. In the passage，the author anticipates which of the following as a possible objection to her argument？
　　（A） It is uncertain how many people actually migrated during the Great Migration.
　　（B） The eventual economic status of the Great Migration migrants has not been adequately traced.
　　（C） It is not likely that people with steady jobs would have reason to move to another area of the country.
　　（D） It is not true that the term “manufacturing and mechanical pursuits” actually encompasses the entire industrial sector.
　　（E） Of the Black workers living in southern cities，only those in a small number of trades were threatened by obsolescence.
      3. According to the passage，which of the following is true of wages in southern cities in 1910？
　　（A） They were being pushed lower as a result of increased competition.
　　（B） They had begun to rise so that southern industry could attract rural workers.
　　（C） They had increased for skilled workers but decreased for unskilled workers.
　　（D） They had increased in large southern cities but decreased in small southern cities.
　　（E） They had increased in newly developed industries but decreased in the older trades.
　　4 The author cites each of the following as possible influences in a Black worker's decision to migrate north in the Great Migration EXCEPT
　　（A） wage levels in northern cities
　　（B） labor recruiters
　　（C） competition from rural workers
　　（D） voting rights in northern states
　　（E） the Black press
　　5. It can be inferred from the passage that the “easy conclusion” mentioned in line 53 is based on which of the following assumptions？
　　（A） People who migrate from rural areas to large cities usually do so for economic reasons.
　　（B） Most people who leave rural areas to take jobs in cities return to rural areas as soon as it is financially possible for them to do so.
　　（C） People with rural backgrounds are less likely to succeed economically in cities than are those with urban backgrounds.
　　（D） Most people who were once skilled worker are not willing to work as unskilled workers.
　　（E） People who migrate from their birthplaces to other regions of a country seldom undertake a second migration.
　　6. The primary purpose of the passage is to
　　（A） support an alternative to an accepted methodology
　　（B） present evidence that resolves a contradiction
　　（C） introduce a recently discovered source of information
　　（D） challenge a widely accepted explanation
　　（E） argue that a discarded theory deserves new attention
　　7. According to information in the passage，which of the following is a correct sequence of groups of workers，from highest paid to lowest paid，in the period between 1910 and 1930？
　　（A） Artisans in the North； artisans in the South； unskilled workers in the North； unskilled workers in the South
　　（B） Artisans in the North and South； unskilled workers in the North； unskilled workers in the South
　　（C） Artisans in the North； unskilled workers in the North； artisans in the South
　　（D） Artisans in the North and South； unskilled urban workers in the North； unskilled rural workers in the South
　　（E） Artisans in the North and South； unskilled rural workers in the North and South； unskilled urban workers in the North and South
　　8. The material in the passage would be most relevant to a long discussion of which of the following topics？
　　（A） The reasons for the subsequent economic difficulties of those who participated in the Great Migration
　　（B） The effect of migration on the regional economies of the United States following the First World War
　　（C） The transition from a rural to an urban existence for those who migrated in the Great Migration
　　（D） The transformation of the agricultural South following the boll weevil infestation
　　（E） The disappearance of the artisan class in the United States as a consequence of mechanization in the early twentieth century

conniequan

辛苦了！

weatherbaby

谢啦！辛苦辛苦

caronlei88

万分感谢！！！

zhangwenteng

昨天提供的背景资料很长  为了方便大家看 我把关键的部分摘录下来了 我觉得和JJ 和接近  S 我还没有考
Asteroid theorists like Luis Alvarez have hypothesized that an asteroid collided with the
earth ejecting large quantities of dust and iridium into the atmosphere, which completely blocked out sunlight for months resulting in profound short-term climatic effects and widespread extinction (Williams, 1994: 183). The settling of this dust which was high in iridium resulted in a cretaceous-tertiary boundary (KT- boundary) that these theorists regard as the ending point in the timeline of dinosaurs. We believe this “lights-out” scenario is insufficiently selective.

Many organisms survived into the Tertiary period and did not show the adverse effects expected from such an apocalyptic, unselective catastrophe. Many theories have been proposed to explain the end of these majestic beasts. To date the most well known of these theories has been the asteroid theory, which proposes that some gigantic celestial body collided with the earth to put an end to it’s ruling inhabitants. Climatic and temperature changes, which are known to have taken place towards the end of the Cretaceous, had less direct effect on dinosaurs than on vegetation. This clearly illustrates that some dinosaurs were greatly affected by changing vegetation. All the climatic changes caused by plate tectonics selected against the dinosaurs because they were not as well fit to adapt to these changes as were the mammals and other smaller vertebrates. The changing environment hurtled dinosaurs toward extinction by placing them in a habitat that was hostile and impossible for them to adapt to.

Huge volcanic eruptions that belched sulfur into the air for around 10,000 years could have killed the dinosaurs, according to new evidence unearthed by geologists

Boot

唉～～
不由的再感叹一声，lzmm太专业了。

chichi0766

非常感谢楼主~还有三天就考了，已经看不进去了，来突击寂静

liycrsw

请问昨天的更新是什么？还没来得及改。