急等 boldfaced题

shiwen66666

GWD6-Q16:

Historian:  Newton developed mathematical concepts and techniques that are fundamental to modern calculus.  Leibniz developed closely analogous concepts and techniques.  It has traditionally been thought that these discoveries were independent.  Researchers have, however, recently discovered notes of Leibniz’ that discuss one of Newton’s books on mathematics.  Several scholars have argued that since the book includes a presentation of Newton’s calculus concepts and techniques, and since the notes were written before Leibniz’ own development of calculus concepts and techniques, it is virtually certain that the traditional view is false.  A more cautious conclusion than this is called for, however.  Leibniz’ notes are limited to early sections of Newton’s book, sections that precede the ones in which Newton’s calculus concepts and techniques are presented.

 

In the historian’s reasoning, the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?

 

A.      The first provides evidence in support of the overall position that the historian defends; the second is evidence that has been used to support an opposing position.

B.       The first provides evidence in support of the overall position that the historian defends; the second is that position.

C.      The first provides evidence in support of an intermediate conclusion that is drawn to provide support for the overall position that the historian defends; the second provides evidence against that intermediate conclusion.

D.      The first is evidence that has been used to support a conclusion that the historian criticizes; the second is evidence offered in support of the historian’s own position.

E.       The first is evidence that has been used to support a conclusion that the historian criticizes; the second is further information that substantiates that evidence.

绿色部分是什么意思？

THX

quarboy

这题是选择D么？

imtermediate的意思是中间结论（或者过渡性结论），是相对于overall position（总结论）而言的。

shiwen66666

是。

拿什么时候intermediate成立呢？这题里不是有两个however吗？应该算中间结论吧？

shiwen66666

up

quarboy

不好意思啊，今天才看到你的回复。。。。

论据1：Newton developed mathematical concepts and techniques that are fundamental to modern calculus.  Leibniz developed closely analogous concepts and techniques.

结论1（traditional view）：It has traditionally been thought that these discoveries were independent.

论据2：

1）Researchers have, however, recently discovered notes of Leibniz’ that discuss one of Newton’s books on mathematics.

2）since the book includes a presentation of Newton’s calculus concepts and techniques

3）since the notes were written before Leibniz’ own development of calculus concepts and techniques （第一个黑脸）

结论2：it is virtually certain that the traditional view is false.

论据3： Leibniz’ notes are limited to early sections of Newton’s book, sections that precede the ones in which Newton’s calculus concepts and techniques are presented. (第二个黑脸）

结论3：A more cautious conclusion than this is called for, however.

所以说原文作者的观点对第一个和第二个观点进行了一个折中。这个argument里面没有中间结论

[此贴子已经被作者于2009/10/16 21:06:15编辑过]