9-10月的阅读双钩的背景资料－－请考过的兄弟姐妹们确认一下

katiejiefei · 发表于 2009-10-7 00:28:00

UPUPUP~~~~楼主精神实在可嘉~~绝对杀G成功~~

seriousa · 发表于 2009-10-7 01:58:00

衷心祝福Lz和所有背景资料的收集人：）好运

doctortt · 发表于 2009-10-7 02:08:00

<div class="maxcode-quote">以下是引用daisyao在2009/10/6 15:24:00的发言： 找到篇跟流派诗人英文文章，感觉很像 ~The first installment of Testimony was published in 1934 by the Objectivist Press, which had been started several years earlier to promote the views of poets including William Carlos Williams, Louis Zukofsky, George Oppen, and Reznikoff himself. They were believers in Objectivism, a short-lived but still influential offshoot of poetic Modernism, the early 20th-century assault by T. S. Eliot, Ezra Pound, and others on the Enlightenment-influenced poetics of their predecessors. For the Objectivists, the poem was an object, not a report by the poet of what he or she thought or felt. They rejected the emphasis by 19th-century Romantic poets like Wordsworth and Shelley on the poet's subjective experience of transcendent meaning as depicted through metaphor and symbol. (The title and opening line of Wordsworth's well-known poem about daffodils, "I wandered lonely as a cloud," is a good example of the tendencies that the Objectivists judged artificial and misleading.) The Objectivists believed that feeling and emotion should come through the choice of details and the sound and appearance of words on the page.Reznikoff continued to work on Testimony throughout his life. In the 1960s, he published two new volumes (the first drawn from judicial opinions of 1885-1890, the second from opinions of 1891-1900); two additional volumes (1901-1910 and 1911-1915) were published after his death. In each of the later volumes, Reznikoff revised his art, reshaping the documentary material into syncopated lines of poetry.The Negro was dead/when the doctors examined him," a characteristic poem begins: They found upon his belly bruises: he died, the doctors said, of peritonitis.While the shift in form draws even more attention to the language (as in the isolation of "bruises" in the lines just quoted), the later editions employ the same third-person perspective, looking to the objective language of a judicial opinion, the words as words, rather than subjective experience or metaphor, for the emotional intensity of the poem. With its use of judicial opinions as the raw material of poetry, Testimony radically undercuts the traditional assumption that the poet works in a private sphere that is somehow separate from the pressures and pulls of the public domain. Not only is the poem an object, but it is an object taken from the workaday world that poets traditionally have viewed as unsuitable for poetry. Testimony never lets us forget that it is judicial opinions the poet is expounding. Reznikoff's most important innovation and chief legacy to subsequent poets was this use of social speech, the public language of lawyers, to further the Modernist project of drawing attention to the linguistic qualities of a poem. By juxtaposing the descriptions of fact—the underlying story—of one case after another, he created an emotionally powerful collage from the apparently impersonal language of judicial opinions, a collage that chronicles <country-region wst="on"></country-region><place wst="on"></place>America<place></place><country-region></country-region>'s struggle with slavery and its emergence as a commercial and industrial power.</div>Very good very good!!!!!!!!!!!!!!  I think this RC is the hardest in this month's 鉤鉤

ssisi888 · 发表于 2009-10-7 11:59:00

<a href="http://zt.allnet.cn/KJZC/Article/289.html"><a href="http://zt.allnet.cn/KJZC/Article/289.html" target="_blank">http://zt.allnet.cn/KJZC/Article/289.html</a></a>动物的冬眠是一种奇妙的现象。人们观察了若干种动物冬眠，发现了许多意想不到的现象。　　在加拿大，有些山鼠冬眠长达半年。冬天一来，它们便掘好地道，钻进穴内，将身体蜷缩一团。它们的呼吸，由逐渐缓慢到几乎停止，脉搏也相应变得极为微弱，体温更直线下降，可以达到5℃。这时，即使用脚踢它，也不会有任何反应，简直像死去一样，但事实上它却是活的。　　松鼠睡得更死。有人曾把一只冬眠的松鼠从树洞中挖出，它的头好像折断一样，任人怎么摇撼都始终不会张开眼，更不要说走动了。把它摆在桌上，用针也刺不醒。只有用火炉把它烘热，它才悠悠而动，而且还要经过颇长的时间。　　刺猬冬眠的时候，简直连呼吸也停止了。原来，它的喉头有一块软骨，可将口腔和咽喉隔开，并掩紧气管的入口。生物学家曾把冬眠中的刺猬提来，放人温水中，浸上半小时，才见它苏醒。　　动物的冬眠真是各具特色，蜗牛是用自身的黏液把壳密封起来。绝大多数的昆虫，在冬季到来时不是“成虫”或“幼虫”，而是以“蛹”或“卵”的形式进行冬眠。熊在冬眠时呼吸正常，有时还到外面溜达几天再回来。雌熊在冬眠中，让雪覆盖着身体。一旦醒来，它身旁就会躺着1一2只天真活泼的小熊，显然这是冬眠时产生的仔。　　动物冬眠的时间长短不一。西伯利亚东北部的东方旱獭和我国的刺猬，一次冬眠能睡上200多天，而苏联的黑貂每年却只有20天的冬眠。　　动物的冬眠，完全是一项对付不利环境的保护性行动。引起动物冬眠的主要因素，一是环境温度的降低，二是食物的缺乏。科学家们通过实验证明，动物冬眠会引起甲状腺和肾上腺作用的降低。与此同时，生殖腺却发育正常，冬眠后的动物抗菌抗病能力反而比平时有所增加，显然冬眠对它们是有益的，使它们到翌年春天苏醒以后动作更加灵敏，食欲更加旺盛，而身体内的一切器官更会显出返老还童现象。　　由此可见，动物在冬眠时期神经系统的肌肉仍然保持充分的活力，而新陈代谢却降低到最低限度。今天医学界所创造的低温麻醉、催眠疗法，便是因此而得到的启发。　　和我们人类一样，动物中的鸟兽都是温血动物，那么冷血动物昆虫又是怎样熬过漫长的冬季呢？许多冬眠的昆虫会不会冻结呢？　　昆虫学家进行了长期的观察和研究，终于查明了昆虫越冬的部分奥秘。冬天，为了防止汽车散热器结冰，人们要加入防冻液。昆虫竟然也会采用相似的办法，在严寒的冬季保护自己。　　在冬天，昆虫要保持活动，不被冻僵是至关重要的。活的组织一旦被冻结，膨胀的冰晶体势必使细胞膜受到破坏，造成致命的创伤。当细胞里液体不足，不能保持维护生命所必需的酶活性时，即使没有完全被冻结，也会造成死亡。那么，昆虫是怎样解决这一难题的呢？它们主要是靠降低体内液体的冰点，从而提高抗寒能力，办法就是产生大量的“防冻液”。　　昆虫是怎样制造防冻液的呢？天暖之后又怎样将防冻液除掉呢？为什么要除掉防冻液？这些问题直到现在仍找不到答案。　　值得补充的是，科学家们又发现，蛙类也会自制防冻液。在实验室中，科学家们将许多青蛙冷冻起来，5～7天后，再慢慢地使之解冻，这些青蛙解冻后依然活着。经过认真分析和研究，科学家们发现了一种人们在防冻剂中常用的物质：丙三醇。与昆虫相似的是，到了春天，这些青蛙的液体中再也找不到这一物质了。　　至今，人们尚未能完全揭开动物冬眠的奥秘。但是科学家们通过不断探索已经认识到，研究动物的冬眠不仅妙趣横生，而且颇有价值。 <div align="right">[此贴子已经被作者于2009/10/7 11:59:29编辑过]</div>

eefred · 发表于 2009-10-7 13:17:00

upup

纸老虎 · 发表于 2009-10-7 13:56:00

加油加油。。。

iivion · 发表于 2009-10-7 15:35:00

谢谢各位参与者~~~加油加油！<img src="/static/legacy-emoticon/Dvbbs/em01.gif" />

wangjun8989 · 发表于 2009-10-7 15:55:00

ding

doctortt · 发表于 2009-10-8 06:28:00

<div class="maxcode-quote">以下是引用doctortt在2009/10/7 2:08:00的发言： Very good very good!!!!!!!!!!!!!!  I think this RC is the hardest in this month's 鉤鉤</div>我真的覺得這是一個很好的背景passage. <div id="result_box" dir="ltr">我讀這個背景幾次，內容 and 鉤鉤 are very 相似 </div>

perfecttotti · 发表于 2009-10-8 10:20:00

顶下多谢lz

9-10月的阅读双钩的背景资料－－请考过的兄弟姐妹们确认一下

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